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HIS1313 Quiz Stuff (Ch. 2-3)

Terms in this set (170)

Human beings evolved in
A) Sub-Saharan Africa
B) Southeast Asia
C) The Valleys of the Tigris and the Euphrates
D) Northern Europe
A) Sub-Saharan Africa
From its very beginning Western Civilization benefited from trade goods, crops, and animals originating in
A) Africa
B) The Middle East
C) China
D) All of the above
B) The Middle East
The earliest stage of human history is called
A) The Iron Age
B) The Neolithic Age
C) The Paleolithic Age
D) The Egyptian Age
C) The Paleolithic Age
The defining elements of civilization include all of the following except
A) Great stone pyramids
B) Developed agriculture
C) Cities
D) Domesticated animals
A) Great stone pyramids
During the Paleolithic Age, the basic lifestyle of human beings was primarily
A) Farming
B) Hunting and gathering
C) Fishing
D) Raising cattle and sheep
B) Hunting and gathering
During the Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages, human tools were made primarily of
A) Stone
B) Iron
C) Bronze
D) Copper
A) Stone
The most important development of the Neolithic Age was
A) Iron weapons
B) Agriculture
C) Warfare
D) Fishing
B) Agriculture
Agriculture was developed
A) In the Neolithic Period
B) In Central Europe
C) In mountainous regions
D) None of the above
A) In the Neolithic Period
The chief rivers of ancient Mesopotamia were
A) The Nile and the Tigris
B) The Tigris and the Euphrates
C) The Nile and the Indus
D) The Euphrates and the Ganges
B) The Tigris and the Euphrates
The earliest known civilization of Mesopotamia was
A) Sumer
B) Greece
C) Egypt
D) Israel
A) Sumer
Which of the following was not true about Sumerian life?
A) Nomadic wandering, taking care of flocks
B) Irrigated agriculture
C) International trade
D) Temples with priests and priestesses
A) Nomadic wandering, taking care of flocks
The first great conqueror in the history of Mesopotamian civilization was
A) Cyrus
B) Sargon of Akkad
C) Gilgamesh
D) Alexander the Great
B) Sargon of Akkad
The great epic poem of ancient Sumer was
A) The Epic of Gilgamesh
B) The Iliad
C) Hamlet
D) Genesis
A) The Epic of Gilgamesh
The Sumerian system of writing
A) Was called hieroglyphics
B) Was called cuneiform
C) Was an alphabetic script
D) None of the above
B) Was called cuneiform
Hammurabi of Babylon was known for
A) Being the first ruler of Sumer and Akkad
B) His irrigation projects
C) His authorship of the Epic of Gilgamesh
D) His code of laws
D) His code of laws
Which of the following is not true about Hammurabi's law code?
A) It opens a window into our understanding of ancient daily life
B) It prescribes different penalties for each of the three social classes in Babylon
C) Its stated purpose was to prevent the strong from oppressing the weak
D) Provided for trial by jury
D) Provided for trial by jury
The Indo-Europeans
A) Provided most of the languages for Europe, as well as Hindi in India
B) Often fought and moved on horseback
C) Established the Hittite kingdom in what is now modern Turkey
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The earliest important Indo-European people in the Near Eastern world were the
A) Hittites
B) Babylonians
C) Sumerians
D) Assyrians
A) Hittites
The chief river of Egypt is the
A) Euphrates
B) Nile
C) Tigris
D) Indus
B) Nile
The Egyptian concept of truth, justice, and order was expressed by the Egyptian word
A) Pharaoh
B) Hieroglyphics
C) Ma'at
D) Cuneiform
C) Ma'at
The term hieroglyphics refers to
A) An early form of the alphabet
B) Wedge-shaped writing
C) The sacred writing of Egypt
D) Any written inscription on stone
C) The sacred writing of Egypt
Nubia was
A) An Asiatic enemy of Egypt
B) The legendary home of the Egyptians
C) A female ruler of Akkad
D) A kingdom on the upper Nile, south of Egypt, inhabited by Black Africans, and influenced by Egyptian culture.
D) A kingdom on the upper Nile, south of Egypt, inhabited by Black Africans, and influenced by Egyptian culture.
The great pyramids of Egypt
A) Were monuments to the Sumerian gods
B) Were built by colossal numbers of slaves
C) Were part of the Egyptian belief in the afterlife
D) Were built toward the end of Egyptian history
C) Were part of the Egyptian belief in the afterlife
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt
A) Saw an end to the anarchy of the First Intermediate Period
B) Saw the erection of the Great Pyramid
C) Saw the Egyptian conquest of Assyria
D) Was ended by the invasion of Alexander the Great
A) Saw an end to the anarchy of the First Intermediate Period
On some occasions the ruler of Egypt was a woman. By far the most powerful of these was
A) Hatshepsut
B) Thutmose
C) Nefertiti
D) Amenhotep
A) Hatshepsut
The New Kingdom pharaoh, Ahknaten
A) Was the last pharaoh of Egypt
B) Overthrew his stepmother, Hatshepsut
C) Conquered Israel
D) Introduced new ideas in art and religion
D) Introduced new ideas in art and religion
The major cities of Phoenicia were
A) Uruk, Akkad, and Ur
B) Sidon, Tyre, and Biblos
C) Memphis, Cairo, and Thebes
D) Sparta, Athens, and Corinth
B) Sidon, Tyre, and Biblos
The most important contribution of the Phoenicians to Western Civilization was
A) The development of monotheism
B) The development of irrigated agriculture
C) The alphabet
D) The art of building great stone monuments
C) The alphabet
Which of the following statements about the Hebrews prior to the reign of Saul is not true?
A) There are Egyptian secular records that refer to Israel
B) Early Israel was ruled by charismatic leaders known as Judges
C) The Scriptures give a precise historical, rather than religious, record of the time
D) Archaeological investigation of this period has been unable to shed any important light on this ancient phase of Hebrew religion
C) The Scriptures give a precise historical, rather than religious, record of the time
The kingdom of Israel reached its peak under the temple-building king
A) Solomon
B) David
C) Saul
D) Ahab
A) Solomon
After the death of Solomon
A) Israel was destroyed by the Phoenicians
B) The Judges again ruled Israel
C) His kingdom split in two, the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah.
D) The prophet Isaiah seized the throne
C) His kingdom split in two, the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah.
In addition to preaching monotheism, the Jewish prophets also
A) Declared that the essence of faith was making the proper sacrifices at the Temple in Jerusalem
B) Preached that religion was not merely ritual, but also ethical behavior
C) Argued that all Jews should abandon Jerusalem for Babylon
D) Announced that God was indifferent to human behavior
B) Preached that religion was not merely ritual, but also ethical behavior
Among the Hebrew beliefs that have had an important impact on Western Civilization was
A) The creation of the world at a specific time
B) The concept of ethical monotheism
C) That history was a purposeful, morally significant event
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The new metal that transformed ancient warfare after 1200 B.C. was
A) Tin
B) Bronze
C) Iron
D) Copper
C) Iron
The great empire that dominated the Middle East through a combination of iron weapons and ruthless terror was the
A) Assyrian
B) Persian
C) Roman
D) Phoenician
A) Assyrian
The success of the Assyrian empire was based on
A) The use of Iron weaponry and systematic brutality
B) Skilled administration and the spread of the Aramaic language
C) Skilled military engineers and a trained officer corps
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The great ruler of the neo-Babylonian empire was
A) Sargon
B) Nebuchadnezzar
C) Alexander
D) Cyrus
B) Nebuchadnezzar
The neo-Babylonian Empire
A) Was ruled by Alexander the Great
B) Repudiated the Assyrian idea of bloody conquests
C) Saw the decline of Mesopotamian astronomy
D) None of the above
D) None of the above
The Persian Empire under Cyrus was held together by
A) A policy of terror exceeding that of the Assyrians
B) The mandatory worship of Ahura Mazda by all peoples
C) An administrative system which curbed the abuse of power by officials
D) All of the above
C) An administrative system which curbed the abuse of power by officials
The great Persian religious prophet was
A) Moses
B) Cyrus
C) Akhenaten
D) Zoroaster
D) Zoroaster
The text argues that the Persians adopted many things from older civilizations, but the adoption that had the greatest long-term impact was
A) The reassertion of religious polytheism
B) The mandatory veiling of women
C) Coinage, a Lydian invention
D) The use of bronze weapons
C) Coinage, a Lydian invention
Zoroaster's religious beliefs had a similarity to Jewish ideas in all the following areas except
A) The need to live an ethical life
B) The need to observe strict dietary laws
C) The ultimate prevalence of the forces of good over the forces of evil
D) The revelation of the will of god to man
B) The need to observe strict dietary laws
Western Civilization can be said to have begun in
A) Persia
B) Greece
C) Spain
D) England
B) Greece
The epic poem Iliad, which recounts the prowess and anger of Achilles, was composed by
A) Homer
B) Hesiod
C) Herodotus
D) Minos
A) Homer
The largest Minoan palace on the island of Crete was
A) Phaestos
B) Knossos
C) Delos
D) Thera
B) Knossos
Minoan Civilization
A) Was centered in Mesopotamia
B) Had artists who often painted frescoes featuring bulls and athletes
C) Was destroyed by the Middle Kingdom of Egypt
D) Produced as its greatest military leader, Alexander the Great
B) Had artists who often painted frescoes featuring bulls and athletes
The epics of Homer are set in the period of Greek history called the
A) Sumerian Age
B) "Dark Age"
C) Mycenaean Age
D) Stone Age
B) "Dark Age"
Mycenaean Civilization
A) Was centered around palaces and warrior kings
B) Was depicted many years later in the Homeric epics
C) Was an ancestor of later Greek civilization
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following was NOT a result of the widespread violence and movement of peoples in the eastern Mediterranean around 1200 B.C.?
A) Egyptian Empire besieged and weakened
B) The Trojan War and destruction of Troy
C) The establishment of democracy at Athens
D) The decline of Mycenaean civilization and invasion of Dorian Greeks
C) The establishment of democracy at Athens
The Greek "Dark Age" commenced when
A) The Mycenaean culture collapsed
B) The eruption of the volcano on Thera caused dust that dimmed the sun
C) Glaciers from the Ice Age spread all over Greece
D) Homer died, leaving his epics unfinished
A) The Mycenaean culture collapsed
A major event at the end of the Greek "Dark Age" and the beginning of Classic Greek Civilization was
A) The Trojan War
B) The spread of Greek colonies over much of the shoreline of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea
C) The conquests of Alexander the Great
D) The triumph of democracy in Athens
B) The spread of Greek colonies over much of the shoreline of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea
Although the Greeks learned many things from earlier civilizations, the philosopher Plato said the
A) Greeks didn't really need to learn anything
B) Earlier civilizations had not invented anything useful
C) Greek gods had taught all those things to earlier civilizations
D) Greeks turned those things into something finer
D) Greeks turned those things into something finer
The Greek gods
A) Resembled human beings
B) Shared the same virtues and defects as mankind
C) Were immortal
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The oracle at Delphi was presided over by the god
A) Apollo
B) Zeus
C) Athena
D) Poseidon
A) Apollo
The Greek invention of philosophy, or the search for knowledge, involved the idea that
A) The cosmos was orderly, accessible to human reason, and based on natural laws
B) All could be learned by studying the texts of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia
C) The gods would reveal all knowledge according to their own plan
D) People could hasten the acquisition of knowledge by increasing religious sacrifices
A) The cosmos was orderly, accessible to human reason, and based on natural laws
Which of the following was NOT one of the early Greek philosophers, or scientists?
A) Pythagoras
B) Gilgamesh
C) Democritus
D) Thales
B) Gilgamesh
Which of the following was NOT a result of the expansion of Greek commerce after 700 BC?
A) Common citizens could afford to arm themselves, making aristocratic warriors less important
B) The new middle-class desired governments that reflected their interests and needs
C) Aristocrats lost their privileged positions in politics
D) Kings strengthened their absolute power by controlling the expanded wealth
D) Kings strengthened their absolute power by controlling the expanded wealth
Tyrant was the name given to:
A) An elected leader of a democratic state
B) A king who rules in a cruel manner
C) A ruler who uses physical force rather then hereditary right or constitutional means to seize power
D) An aristocratic ruler who cares only about the interests of his own class
C) A ruler who uses physical force rather then hereditary right or constitutional means to seize power
The normal term used to characterize the Greek city-state is
A) Polis
B) Pyramid
C) Civitas
D) County
A) Polis
Respectable Athenian women
A) Traveled widely in the Greek world
B) Tended to stay within the home, presiding over spinning and weaving
C) Undertook regular gymnastic exercises
D) None of the above
B) Tended to stay within the home, presiding over spinning and weaving
Bisexual relationships were common in Greek society because
A) Segregation of the sexes was strictly regulated
B) Male/male relationships were thought to offer the highest possibilities for love and intellectual development
C) Men feared that female sexuality would betray their control of family paternity
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The purpose of Solon's reforms was to
A) Insure that only men of aristocratic birth would control Athens
B) Return Athens to a Mycenaean-style monarchy
C) Open participation in government to the new commercial middle-class
D) Establish himself securely as a tyrant
C) Open participation in government to the new commercial middle-class
The Greek political reformer Cleisthenes
A) Wrote epic poetry
B) Established an Athenian constitution with many democratic features
C) Preached equal rights for Athenian women
D) Became a tutor to Alexander the Great
B) Established an Athenian constitution with many democratic features
Athenian democracy differed from modern democracy in many ways, with several groups excluded. Which of the following was not excluded?
A) Women
B) Slaves
C) Persons not of Athenian ancestry, even though they were born in Athens
D) The poor
D) The poor
The Greek polis known for its emphasis on military training was
A) Athens
B) Rome
C) Sparta
D) Corinth
C) Sparta
Sparta developed a strict military state and society in order to
A) Keep their conquered people, or helots, in subjection and slavery
B) Train their artists to create simple but powerful images
C) Compete victoriously in the Olympic Games
D) Dominate the trade and commerce of the entire Greek world
A) Keep their conquered people, or helots, in subjection and slavery
Spartan society
A) Emphasized soft living rather than military values
B) Gave women considerably more public freedom than Athens gave its women, including athletic training
C) Was more democratic than Athens
D) All of the above
B) Gave women considerably more public freedom than Athens gave its women, including athletic training
Which of the following was NOT true of the Olympic Games?
A) Men and women could compete together in some events
B) They were pan-Hellenic, or open to Greeks from any polis
C) They were a religious festival in honor of Zeus
D) Victorious athletes were richly rewarded with honor and free meals
A) Men and women could compete together in some events
Which of the following Persian War battles was a Persian, rather than Greek, victory?
A) Salamis
B) Marathon
C) Thermopylae
D) Plataea
C) Thermopylae
During the Persian Wars
A) Athens defeated Sparta
B) Xerxes of Persia conquered Greece, ending Athenian democracy
C) Athens and Sparta invaded Persia and destroyed the Persian Empire
D) None of the above
D) None of the above
The great historian of the Persian Wars, justifiably known as the Father of History, was
A) Homer
B) Archimedes
C) Herodotus
D) Sargon
C) Herodotus
The Delian League, a maritime union organized to defend the Aegean against Persia, became converted into a virtual empire for the benefit of
A) Sparta
B) Athens
C) Egypt
D) Miletus
B) Athens
Which of the following apply to Pericles, the architect of Athens' Golden Age?
A) He was elected chief strategos, or general, from 443 to 429 B.C.
B) Provided the leadership for the building of the Acropolis, including the Parthenon
C) Advocated the supremacy of Athens over members of the Delian League
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The major leader of Athenian democracy after the Persian Wars was
A) Homer
B) Pericles
C) Saphho
D) Pythagoras
B) Pericles
Greek plays dealt with the following theme(s)
A) Relationship of men to the gods
B) Just relationships between rulers and their subjects
C) The consequences of hubris, or arrogance and pride
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The Theban Plays of Sophocles are an illustration that the great Athenian playwrights
A) Preferred shallow sensationalism to serious drama
B) Preferred to set their plays in exotic locations far from Greece
C) Wrote only comedies
D) Tried to explore complex moral problems in their plays
D) Tried to explore complex moral problems in their plays
According to Thucydides, the Peloponnesian War was caused by
A) Athens' attack on Sparta to free the helots
B) Persia's desire to conquer the Peloponnesus for its rich mines
C) Sparta's fear of Athens' growing power
D) Sparta's attempt to stop Athens from imposing monarchy on all Greek states
C) Sparta's fear of Athens' growing power
The historian who wrote about the Peloponnesian War was
A) Thucydides
B) Homer
C) Plato
D) Pythagoras
A) Thucydides
Which of the following was NOT an advantage for Athens in the war with Sparta?
A) The best land army in Greece
B) Naval control of the Aegean
C) Long walls protecting harbor and city
D) Wealth and supplies from sea-borne trade
A) The best land army in Greece
The period of ancient Greek history that followed Alexander the Great is called
A) Paleolithic
B) Hellenistic
C) Medieval
D) Renaissance
B) Hellenistic
Macedonia was
A) An Aegean island kingdom
B) A Greek speaking kingdom north of Greece but not thought of as Greek by those who lived in a polis.
C) Had a long tradition of democratic rule
D) None of the above
B) A Greek speaking kingdom north of Greece but not thought of as Greek by those who lived in a polis.
Alexander's love of Greek culture, literature, and science seems to have come from his tutor
A) Socrates
B) Plato
C) Aristotle
D) Zeno
C) Aristotle
In which country was the greatest of the many Alexandrias founded?
A) Egypt
B) Persia
C) Phoenicia
D) Macedonia
A) Egypt
In Egypt, Alexander
A) Was finally defeated
B) Diverted the Nile to the south
C) Organized a democratic government for the people
D) Was declared to be the god Ammon, and crowned as pharaoh
D) Was declared to be the god Ammon, and crowned as pharaoh
In 323 B.C., Alexander died in Babylon from
A) Assassination by one of his officers
B) Suicide by drowning in the Euphrates
C) Alcohol abuse and fever
D) A battle wound becoming infected
C) Alcohol abuse and fever
Alexander's legacy includes
A) The blending of Greek and Asian culture which we call Hellenistic
B) The idea of a single great empire of many peoples ruled by one king
C) An ideal of heroic military genius emulated by many subsequent leaders
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The Alexandrian successor kingdom ruled over by his general Ptolemy and his successors was
A) Egypt
B) Persia
C) Macedonia
D) India
A) Egypt
During the Hellenistic World
A) Ancient Middle Eastern and Greek civilizations joined in a manner that changed them both
B) The Eastern Mediterranean was dominated by Greek language and culture
C) Kings ruled large kingdoms rather than citizens ruling independent city-states
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Evidence suggests that during the Hellenistic period, as compared to the Classical, Greek women
A) Were freer from family authority and could work and earn money
B) Became dominant over men politically and economically
C) Became even more subject to the will of their husbands and fathers
D) Were admitted to the citizen assemblies, achieving political equality
A) Were freer from family authority and could work and earn money
The southern Greek states, the self-described "civilized" Greeks, regarded the Macedonians as
A) Highly developed politically and culturally, and to be emulated
B) Backward because they did not have the political life of the city-states
C) So poor and backward they were not worth bothering about
D) Dangerous because they were allied with Persia
B) Backward because they did not have the political life of the city-states
Philip II of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great
A) Participated in several Greek wars after the Peloponnesian War
B) Reformed the Macedonian army, especially the phalanx, to make it more formidable
C) Hoped to unite the Greek city-states under his leadership
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Demosthenes opposed the expansion of Macedonia under Philip II because
A) Philip threatened the traditional freedom and self-government of the polis
B) Philip was a weak military commander and would not be able to fight the Persians
C) He wanted Sparta to assume the leadership of Greece
D) Macedonia was not rich enough to be the leader of the Greeks
A) Philip threatened the traditional freedom and self-government of the polis
The southern Greek states were defeated by Philip II at the battle of
A) Marathon
B) Salamis
C) Chaeronea
D) Actium
C) Chaeronea
Philip II dreamed of conquering Persia, but did not do so because
A) He was assassinated under circumstances that have never been clearly explained
B) The coalition of Athens and Thebes crushed his troops at Chaeronea
C) He died young, of a fever
D) The king of Persia persuaded the Macedonian troops to mutiny
A) He was assassinated under circumstances that have never been clearly explained
During his conquest of the Persian Empire, Alexander
A) Was brutal in battle, but generous in peace
B) Perfected the art of siege warfare
C) Won every battle, often against great odds
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
In order to consolidate his authority in Greece, Alexander
A) Returned to Greece after defeating Darius III at Issus
B) Publicly identified himself with the legendary Greek heroes, Heracles and Achilles
C) Restored democracy in Athens
D) Openly adopted the Spartan way of life
B) Publicly identified himself with the legendary Greek heroes, Heracles and Achilles
Which of the following policies did Alexander NOT follow in his imperial rule?
A) Founded many cities to spread Greek urban life throughout the empire
B) Supported intermarriage between Greeks and Asians
C) Destroyed all conquered cities to obliterate non-Greek culture
D) Recruited Persian soldiers as part of a new combined army
C) Destroyed all conquered cities to obliterate non-Greek culture
Alexander turned back from his quest for the end of the known world because
A) His Macedonian troops refused to go beyond India
B) He thought that the land extended forever
C) He was defeated by the kings of northern India
D) He was warned to go no further by his father Zeus
A) His Macedonian troops refused to go beyond India
Following Alexander's death his empire
A) Survived intact for a century under his son and grandson
B) Was divided by his generals into three main successor kingdoms
C) Was destroyed by an invasion of Mongols
D) Disintegrated as the native peoples rose and expelled all Greeks and Macedonians
B) Was divided by his generals into three main successor kingdoms
The Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt
A) Maintained the Empire of Alexander the Great intact
B) Conducted their official business in Greek, while permitting traditional Egyptian culture to continue
C) Suppressed Egyptian culture, thus bringing the civilization of Egypt to an end
D) None of the above
B) Conducted their official business in Greek, while permitting traditional Egyptian culture to continue
Arsinoe II
A) Married her brother and became Queen of Egypt
B) Married the king of Thrace
C) Was worshipped as a goddess in Egypt
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The Alexandrian monument regarded as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world was
A) The Museum
B) The Royal Palace
C) Alexander's tomb
D) The lighthouse, or Pharos
D) The lighthouse, or Pharos
The Rosetta Stone was important because
A) It recorded the deeds of Arsinoe II.
B) It was written in three scripts: Greek, cursive Egyptian, and hieroglyphics, permitting the translation of the Egyptian language.
C) It proved that Alexander the Great had reached China
D) It gave the name of the Pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid.
B) It was written in three scripts: Greek, cursive Egyptian, and hieroglyphics, permitting the translation of the Egyptian language.
An unexpected consequence of Alexander's conquests and the subsequent breakup of his empire was
A) The unification of most of India under Chandragupta Maurya and Asoka
B) The rise of the Chinese Empire
C) The collapse of the Roman Republic
D) The unification of sub-Saharan Africa
A) The unification of most of India under Chandragupta Maurya and Asoka
The Seleucid dynasty ruled
A) Macedonia
B) The Asian part of Alexander's empire
C) Egypt
D) Greece and Crete
B) The Asian part of Alexander's empire
The Hellenistic monarchy of the Seleucids
A) Conquered Rome
B) Repudiated Greek culture in favor of traditional Near Eastern civilization
C) Had as its economic basis control of Middle Eastern trade routes to the Mediterranean
D) All of the above
C) Had as its economic basis control of Middle Eastern trade routes to the Mediterranean
The Antigonids ruled
A) Macedonia
B) The Asian part of Alexander's empire
C) Egypt
D) Italy
A) Macedonia
In the Hellenistic age, which was not a change experienced by the Greek poleis?
A) Professionals took over from citizens such activities as soldier and athlete
B) The gap between rich and poor widened, with the rich controlling politics
C) Many immigrants and freedmen became citizens, diluting the sense of community
D) The common citizens reasserted control of the governments, making them more democratic
D) The common citizens reasserted control of the governments, making them more democratic
Which of the following was not true of the increasingly diverse Hellenistic world?
A) The ruling class, though Greek in language and culture, was open to non-Greeks who acquired Greek culture and language
B) There was a growing Chinese influence, especially in the Antigonid kingdom of Macedonia
C) Women could travel more freely and participate in the arts
D) Blacks were more often represented in the visual arts
B) There was a growing Chinese influence, especially in the Antigonid kingdom of Macedonia
The Hellenistic monarchs created a new economy in the eastern Mediterranean by
A) Standardizing the currency
B) Spreading new agricultural practices and products
C) Establishing royal monopolies in key industries to control production
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
During the Hellenistic period slavery
A) Increased in numbers and ethnic diversity
B) Decreased in numbers as war prisoners were generally set free
C) Was controlled so that only the kings and their officials could own slaves
D) Was restricted to non-whites
A) Increased in numbers and ethnic diversity
Urban problems in the Hellenistic Age included
A) Lack of public safety
B) Poor sanitation
C) Uncertain food supply
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The ruling class of the Hellenistic monarchies was made up of the
A) Persians ennobled by Alexander and their descendants
B) Egyptian priestly class
C) Greek/Macedonians and those educated in Greek language and culture
D) Athenian and Spartan councilors sent by their governments for this purpose
C) Greek/Macedonians and those educated in Greek language and culture
A good example of a Hellenistic royal city in both its planning and in its art, is
A) Babylon
B) Corinth
C) Sparta
D) Pergamum
D) Pergamum
A major difference between "Classical" Greek art and the art of the Hellenistic era was
A) The introduction of bronze statuary during the Hellenistic period
B) The surprisingly small amount of money spent by Hellenistic rulers and cities on public art.
C) The tendency towards realistic rather than idealistic portrayal in sculpture
D) That temple building nearly stopped.
C) The tendency towards realistic rather than idealistic portrayal in sculpture
The Maccabees led a Jewish revolt against King Antiochus IV because he
A) Wanted to move all the Jews to Egypt to establish a Jewish state there
B) Converted to Judaism and insisted on being appointed high priest
C) Forbade the Jews from trading with the Ptolomaic kingdom
D) Attempted to Hellenize the Jews and violated the Temple with an altar to Zeus
D) Attempted to Hellenize the Jews and violated the Temple with an altar to Zeus
Greek schools of the Hellenistic era
A) Banned nude exercises in the gymnasium
B) Emphasized Homer as the primary literary text
C) Were usually run-down and neglected
D) Mixed male and female students
B) Emphasized Homer as the primary literary text
Hellenistic "New Comedy" plays generally contained
A) Satire about the kings
B) Stories of gods to teach good moral behavior
C) Romantic stories about the problems of everyday people
D) Profound and heroic themes about politics and ethics
C) Romantic stories about the problems of everyday people
The Hellenistic school of philosophy that advocated the rejection of the goods of this world in order to achieve happiness was that of the
A) Sophists
B) Cynics
C) Epicureans
D) Stoics
B) Cynics
Although differing in approaches to life, the Hellenistic philosophies of Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Cynicism had many things in common. Which of the following was not shared by them?
A) They argued for something of a withdrawal from the life of the cosmopolitan cities.
B) They seldom appealed to really destitute people.
C) They argued for an increased participation in the life of the polis.
D) They emphasized control of the self and personal tranquility.
C) They argued for an increased participation in the life of the polis.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the mystery religions?
A) Ceremonies were led by the civic leaders so the gods would protect the polis
B) Individual salvation and an afterlife were promised the initiates
C) Music, dance and purification rituals led to a mystic union with the god/goddess
D) Initiates were sworn to secrecy about the special rituals
A) Ceremonies were led by the civic leaders so the gods would protect the polis
Hellenistic Science
A) Was clearly inferior to the early Greek science of Thales and Pythagoras
B) Perfected the manufacture of steel
C) Culminated in the work of Homer
D) Made important advances in mathematics and astronomy.
D) Made important advances in mathematics and astronomy.
The city-state that ultimately gained control of the entire Mediterranean was
A) Rome
B) Athens
C) Carthage
D) Sparta
A) Rome
The Roman historian Livy attributed the success of the Romans to
A) The great mineral wealth of Italy
B) The large physical size of the Roman people
C) Their upright character
D) The weakness of all the people they conquered
C) Their upright character
Which was NOT an advantage of the site of Rome?
A) On a river with access to both sea and interior
B) On protecting hills overlooking a fertile plain
C) High in the mountains protected from attack
D) Midway along Italy's western plain fostering trade and commerce
C) High in the mountains protected from attack
The neighboring people that MOST influenced Roman early development were the
A) Etruscans
B) Greeks
C) Gauls
D) Phoenicians
A) Etruscans
The Etruscan monarchy that ruled Rome was overthrown in 509 B.C. by the
A) Roman aristocracy, or patricians
B) Neighboring Greek states
C) Lower class, or plebeians
D) Invasion of the Gauls
A) Roman aristocracy, or patricians
The Roman Republic established in 509 B.C. was
A) A fully democratic government
B) An oligarchy controlled by the rich patricians
C) A socialist regime with property having been equally distributed
D) Indirectly controlled by neighboring Etruscan kings
B) An oligarchy controlled by the rich patricians
In the Roman republic , laws were enacted not by the Senate, but by the
A) Tribal Assembly
B) Censors
C) Vestal Virgins
D) Dictator
A) Tribal Assembly
The "Struggle of the Orders" was between
A) Roman Patricians and Etruscan Patricians
B) Roman Patricians and Roman Plebeians
C) Merchants and farmers
D) Civilians and soldiers
B) Roman Patricians and Roman Plebeians
The "Struggle of orders" between the Patricians and the Plebeians in ancient Rome resulted in
A) The establishment of a permanent dictatorship
B) Wealthy Plebeians achieving virtual equality with the patricians
C) The sack of Rome by the Visigoths
D) The massacre of Patricians by Plebeians
B) Wealthy Plebeians achieving virtual equality with the patricians
The system of patrons and clients in the Roman Republic shows that in practice, government depended heavily on
A) Detailed law codes
B) Informal relations among people
C) The will of the dictator
D) Mob rule
B) Informal relations among people
According to Cicero, Romans, compared to other peoples were
A) Far more warlike
B) Far more likely to reverence the gods
C) Far more individualistic
D) Far less loyal to their families
B) Far more likely to reverence the gods
Which of the following was not true about the city of Rome during the later republic?
A) The Forum was both the economic and the political center of the city.
B) The Subura was the most notorious slum in the city.
C) Rome became famous for its clean, efficient disposal of sewage
D) There were numerous public baths that catered separately to men and women
C) Rome became famous for its clean, efficient disposal of sewage
The Romans created a united community during their conquest of Italy by
A) Granting full or partial citizenship to various Latin communities
B) Granting self-government to peoples as long as they supplied troops to Rome and followed Roman foreign policy
C) Placing strategic colonies of Roman citizens throughout the peninsula
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Roman religion was
A) Monotheistic
B) Polytheistic with gods and goddesses for practically everything
C) Restricted to the worship of only Jupiter and Juno
D) A mystery cult open only to those who had been initiated into the secret ritual
B) Polytheistic with gods and goddesses for practically everything
In the Roman family
A) Fathers were the primary authority
B) Ancestors as well as household gods were worshipped
C) Women could wield some political influence through authority over their sons
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Roman children were
A) Highly valued regardless of sex or state of health
B) Given the right to express themselves freely as individuals
C) Carefully shaped and disciplined to be obedient and embody Roman values
D) Not valued since they interfered with pleasurable living
D) Not valued since they interfered with pleasurable living
Which activities would one likely find at the bath house besides bathing?
A) Massage
B) Socializing
C) Exercising
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The traditional soldier in the Roman army was a
A) Mercenary fighting for hire
B) Tax-paying citizen of Rome
C) Native of one of the conquered Italian communities
D) Member of the poor, propertyless class of citizens
B) Tax-paying citizen of Rome
Carthage was colonized by the
A) Phoenicians
B) Greeks
C) Egyptians
D) Etruscans
A) Phoenicians
The city of Carthage
A) Began as a Greek colony
B) Had an extensive trading network in the Mediterranean and Africa
C) At the time of the Punic Wars was ruled by its great king, Gilgamesh
D) All of the above
B) Had an extensive trading network in the Mediterranean and Africa
The First Punic War began with a struggle over
A) Sicily
B) Spain
C) Southern Italy
D) Greece
A) Sicily
In order to fight a war with Carthage, the Romans
A) Added new legions with faster horses and more spears
B) Built a navy equipped with ships that enabled soldiers to board the enemy ships
C) Allied themselves with the Macedonians
D) Hired Greek soldiers since they had more experience at sea
B) Built a navy equipped with ships that enabled soldiers to board the enemy ships
At the end of the First Punic War, the Romans acquired
A) Spain
B) Greece
C) North Africa
D) Sicily
D) Sicily
In the Second Punic War, Hannibal's strategy was to
A) Blockade the Italian coast with the large Carthaginian fleet
B) Invade southern Italy with the aid of the Egyptian fleet
C) Swiftly cross the Alps into Italy and by winning some big battles persuade Rome's subject peoples to join his side
D) Entice the Romans to attack him in Spain and defeat them there with his carefully prepared defenses
C) Swiftly cross the Alps into Italy and by winning some big battles persuade Rome's subject peoples to join his side
Although Hannibal won some major battles against the Romans
A) A plague wiped out his army and he surrendered to Rome
B) He was finally surrounded by a large Roman army and defeated at the walls of Rome
C) His army deserted him when there was a political crisis back in Carthage
D) Most of Rome's allies stayed loyal to Rome, and the Roman delaying tactics eroded his forces
D) Most of Rome's allies stayed loyal to Rome, and the Roman delaying tactics eroded his forces
Hannibal was finally defeated in North Africa near Carthage at the Battle of Zama in 202 B.C. by
A) Scipio Africanus
B) Julius Caesar
C) Cato the Elder
D) Hasdrubal
A) Scipio Africanus
After the defeat of Carthage in the Second Punic War, Rome fought several wars in the eastern Mediterranean with an unexpected consequence
A) The Greeks supported Carthage in the Third Punic War
B) Rome neglected its northern frontier, permitting barbarians to invade Italy
C) The upper classes of Rome started to become partially Hellenized in their culture
D) All of the above
C) The upper classes of Rome started to become partially Hellenized in their culture
The Roman senator who provoked the third and last Punic War by constantly repeating that "Carthage must be destroyed" was
A) Scipio Africanus
B) Fabius Maximus
C) Cato the Elder
D) Terentius Afer
C) Cato the Elder
One abusive practice of Roman rule over foreign provinces was
A) Roman insistence that all foreigners worship Roman gods
B) To allow tax contractors to extract more taxes than had been assessed
C) Forcing provincials to exchange their laws and customs for those of Rome
D) Giving to all foreigners the status of slaves
B) To allow tax contractors to extract more taxes than had been assessed
As a result of the Roman conquest of the Mediterranean, slavery
A) Decreased due to the increasing wealth of the Romans who could hire free workers
B) Declined under the influence of the Hellenistic monarchies who prohibited slavery
C) Increased as large numbers of prisoners of war were sold as slaves
D) Stayed the same since Italy didn't need any larger work force
C) Increased as large numbers of prisoners of war were sold as slaves
Which of the following was not true of slavery in ancient Rome?
A) Slaves were overwhelmingly non-white
B) Slaves included persons used as teachers and physicians
C) There were major slave uprisings
D) Roman wars brought in so many slaves that the structure of Roman society changed
A) Slaves were overwhelmingly non-white
The most serious slave revolt in Roman history took place in 73 B.C. when 70,000 slaves revolted under the leadership of
A) Brutus
B) Cassius
C) Publius
D) Spartacus
D) Spartacus
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the growing disparity between the rich and poor during the second century B.C.
A) Small Roman farmers grew rich from the booty that flowed into Italy
B) Newly conquered provinces provided opportunities for the ruling class to make new fortunes from governing, tax contracts, slave trading, etc.
C) Many common soldiers on long-term campaigns lost their farms to large landholders
D) Slave labor replaced free labor, reducing to poverty many citizens
A) Small Roman farmers grew rich from the booty that flowed into Italy
The growing disparity between rich and poor in Rome led to
A) A major outward migration from Italy
B) The development of a potentially revolutionary mob in Rome
C) The enslavement of Roman farmers
D) The rejection of Greek culture
B) The development of a potentially revolutionary mob in Rome
The Romans had many engineering accomplishments. Which of these was not one of them?
A) Use of concrete
B) Building aqueducts
C) Building bridges
D) Building high spires for their temples
D) Building high spires for their temples
The outstanding example of Roman religious architecture, still in use today, is the
A) Acropolis
B) Ziggurat
C) Forum
D) Pantheon
D) Pantheon
The career of Publius Terentius Afer demonstrated
A) The integrity of the Roman Senate
B) The rapaciousness of Roman provincial governors
C) The dangers of dictatorship
D) That it was possible for a North African slave to become a Roman playwright, noted for the brilliance of his Latin writing.
D) That it was possible for a North African slave to become a Roman playwright, noted for the brilliance of his Latin writing.
The great Latin orator, statesman, and master of prose was
A) Romulus
B) Tiberius Gracchus
C) Cicero
D) Hannibal
C) Cicero
The Gracchi brothers attempted to redistribute land and make jobs for the poor because
A) They wanted to destroy the rich senatorial class
B) They were from the plebeian class themselves
C) The Roman army needed small citizen farmers and taxpayers to fill its ranks
D) The Hellenistic ideal state called for equality of wealth
C) The Roman army needed small citizen farmers and taxpayers to fill its ranks
The career of the Gracchi brothers began the decline of the republic because
A) Political murder began to be a common policy
B) Tribunes of the plebs would use the Tribal Assembly against the Senate
C) Supporters of senatorial rule (optimates), became confrontational with supporters of popular rule (populares)
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Gaius Marius established the Roman army as a professional long-service corps with loyalty to their generals rather than the state by
A) Recruiting landless poor men who would owe their livelihood to their general
B) Placing soldiers on a payroll, making official the client-patron relationship between soldier and commander
C) Distributing land to the soldiers after their term of service
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Sulla violated the traditional constitution of Rome by
A) Holding the dictatorship for an unlimited term
B) Murdering his political opponents without trial
C) Making the Senate supreme over the assembly by law
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
The First Triumvirate
A) Was formed to fight Hannibal
B) Was a political alliance of Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus to bypass most of the formal Roman political structure.
C) Established a dictatorship that lasted twenty years
D) Became a permanent constitutional feature of the Roman republic
B) Was a political alliance of Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus to bypass most of the formal Roman political structure.
Caesar associated himself politically with the
A) Optimates
B) Slaves
C) Populares
D) Senate
C) Populares
Julius Caesar achieved supreme power in Rome
A) By defeating Pompey and his Senatorial allies
B) By agreeing to the Egyptian ambitions of Cleopatra VII
C) By a secret alliance with the Senate and the Optimates
D) None of the above
A) By defeating Pompey and his Senatorial allies
Which of the following reforms did Caesar NOT carry out when he took power?
A) Reestablished the Senate and consuls as the chief Roman authority
B) Introduced a solar calendar of 365 days and a leap year every four years
C) Improved grain distribution to the people, and public works for jobs
D) Established Roman colonies for poor, landless citizens
A) Reestablished the Senate and consuls as the chief Roman authority
Caesar strayed from traditional Roman custom and politics by
A) Accepting a dictatorship for life
B) Wearing royal regalia and establishing a priesthood to worship his genius
C) Having his image placed on coins
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Caesar was assassinated by
A) His mutinous troops
B) The tribunes of the plebes
C) A group of senators
D) His chief officer, Mark Antony
C) A group of senators
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