Pharmacology quiz 7 Neurological

The nurse is caring for a client with meningitis who is not responding to the prescribed antibiotic and whose condition continues to deteriorate. The nurse should provide which rationale to explain why the client is not responding?
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The nurse is caring for a client with meningitis who is not responding to the prescribed antibiotic and whose condition continues to deteriorate. The nurse should provide which rationale to explain why the client is not responding?
The blood-brain barrier prevents the antibiotics from crossing into the brain.
A nurse is caring for a client who is having adverse effects from long-term antipsychotic treatment. The client is experiencing tremors, shuffles when walking, and is having difficulty sitting up in bed. What disruption to the neurologic system should the nurse suspect?
An interference with the extrapyramidal system
The nurse has provided health education related to the use of alprazolam with a 78-year-old client. What statement best suggests that the client has an accurate understanding of the drug?
"This drug will calm me down at around half an hour after I take it."
The nurse is caring for an adult client who experienced a seizure 30 minutes before coming into the emergency room, where the client begins to have another. What barbiturate would achieve the fastest therapeutic effect?
Phenobarbital
The nurse is caring for a resident in a long-term care facility who is African American with a history of an anxiety disorder. The client is receiving oral lorazepam 2 mg t.i.d. What assessment should the nurse prioritize?
Level of consciousness
Which client should the nurse expect to receive a lower-than-usual dose of benzodiazepines?
A client with alcoholic liver disease
An older adult client is brought to the emergency department by family members. The family states the client has been uncharacteristically confused and appears to have abnormal perception of movement. The nurse reviews the client's current medication regimen and suspects the client overdosed on what medication?
Lorazepam
The nurse is caring for a client who experiences anxiety and insomnia and is prescribed lorazepam. When developing the plan of care, what would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis related to potential adverse effects of the drug?
Risk for injury related to central nervous system (CNS) effects.
A client presents at the emergency department with respiratory depression and excessive sedation. The family tells the nurse that the client has been taking medication throughout the evening and gives the nurse an almost empty bottle of benzodiazepines. The nurse addresses potential factors that could exacerbate the effects of the benzodiazepines with which assessment question?
"Has the client had any alcohol to drink?"
A client's current medication regimen includes clomipramine, and the client denies any history of depression. For what other health problem should the nurse assess the client?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old client who takes imipramine. The nurse should assess this child for a history of what health problem?Enuresis (bed-wetting)A 79-year-old client has been diagnosed with dementia. Haloperidol has been ordered for this client due to the client's worsening agitation. What nursing considerations should inform the nurse's administration of this medication? Select all that apply.A lowered dosage is indicated for older adult. It should not be used to control behavior with dementia.A recent nursing graduate is having difficulty adjusting to shift work and has been prescribed armodafinil. When should the nurse take this medication?One hour before the start of a shiftThe nurse is caring for a child receiving a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant who was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit following repeated seizures after a closed head injury. The provider orders phenytoin to control seizures and lorazepam to be administered every time the child has a seizure. What is the nurse's priority action?Call the provider and question the administration of phenytoin.A client is admitted to the emergency department with severe recurrent convulsive seizures. What drug should the nurse expect to be ordered for use in emergency control of status epilepticus?PhenobarbitalA school-aged child has been diagnosed with a seizure disorder and phenytoin has been prescribed. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate if the child demonstrated adverse effects to the drug related to cellular toxicity?Impaired skin integrity related to dermatological effectsA client with a history of partial seizures has been taking lamotrigine for the past several days. The client calls the clinic and reports the development of a facial and torso rash to the nurse. What is the nurse's best action?Tell the client to take no further doses and come be assessed at the clinic immediately.A client is brought to the emergency department in the midst of acute alcohol withdrawal accompanied by seizure activity. What drug is most likely to meet this client's needs?DiazepamA client, newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder, has been prescribed valproic acid. When assessing for adverse effects, what assessment should the nurse prioritize?Monitoring the client's liver enzyme levels.A client is newly diagnosed with Parkinson disease, and levodopa has been prescribed. What health education should the nurse provide?Identifying foods and supplements high in vitamin B6A client with Parkinsonism has been told that the levodopa prescribed is no longer controlling the disease. What drug should the nurse question if ordered as adjunctive therapy?Vitamin B6The nurse provides client teaching about use of levodopa for treatment of Parkinson disease. What statement by the client would indicate a good understanding of levodopa?"I should take this drug with food to avoid an upset stomach."A client has developed drug-induced Parkinson disease following prolonged treatment with metoclopramide. The nurse should anticipate the use of what drug that is also classified as an antiviral?AmantadineA client with Parkinson disease has been prescribed apomorphine to treat the client's episodes of hypomobility. What should the nurse teach the client regarding administration of the drug?"The drug will probably be injected three times a day with a dosage range of 2 to 6 mg."A client has been prescribed benztropine as drug therapy for Parkinson disease. What assessment finding would suggest a therapeutic effect to the nurse?Decreased rigidity and tremorsA client is newly diagnosed with parkinsonism and has been prescribed levodopa. After several weeks, no appreciable reduction in symptoms has been noted. The nurse should anticipate what change in the client's medication regimen?Adding carbidopa to the client's medication regimenThe nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson disease and whose symptoms are worsening. The healthcare provider has added selegiline to the client's drug regimen. What is the nurse's priority assessment after this drug is administered?Blood pressureThe nurse is speaking to a group at the senior citizen's center about Parkinson disease. What should the nurse explain is importance to avoiding when taking an anticholinergic medication?Strenuous exercise in high environmental temperaturesThe nurse is caring for an older adult client who has been diagnosed with Parkinson disease and who will soon begin drug therapy. What nursing action will best promote safe and effective drug therapy?Thorough client and family teaching, supplemented with written materialsA client, newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, has been prescribed an anticholinergic drug. What assessment should the nurse perform when monitoring for adverse effects of anticholinergic agents used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease?Assessment of the client's bowel patternA client has been taking levodopa (L-dopa) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. What additional medication may decrease the amount of levodopa needed to reach a therapeutic level in the brain, thereby reducing adverse effects of levodopa?CarbidopaThe nurse is teaching a new client with Parkinson disease about levodopa (L-dopa). What should the nurse instruct the client to avoid using concurrently with L-dopa?Multivitamin-mineral preparationsWhen carbidopa is given with levodopa (L-dopa), the dosage of L-dopa may be reduced. What does the reduction in the dosage of L-dopa cause?Decreased adverse effectsThe nurse is teaching a client newly-diagnosed with Parkinson disease about the appropriate use of levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet). What should the nurse teach the client?Take the drug three times each day, at the times that are specified.A home health nurse is visiting an older male adult client with Parkinson disease. The nurse should assess this client for which signs or symptoms related to common adverse effects?Urinary retentionA client has a long-standing diagnosis of Parkinson disease and has been taking Sinemet for 2 years. The nurse has observed that the client is experiencing less and less benefit from the Sinemet in recent months. What drug may reverse this trend?EntacaponeThe pediatric nurse is preparing to administer an antiparkinsonism drug to a 14-year-old client. What is the most likely indication for this use of antiparkinsonian drugs?Parkinsonian symptoms arising from adverse medication effects