Connective Tissue PP

Examples of connective tissue
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Terms in this set (57)
Examples of connective tissue
Bone
Cartilage
Tendons
Ligaments
Fascia
Joint capsules
Adipose
Areloar
Blood (plasma)
Mesenchyme
What are the 3 connective tissue classifications?
Loose CT
Dense CT
Specialized CT
What are 2 types of loose CT?
Adipose
Areolar
What are 2 types of dense CT?
Irregular
Regular
What are the 3 types of specialize CT?
Blood
Bone
Cartilage
Connective tissue = __________ + _______________ ___________
Cells + extracellular matrix (ECM)
Extracellular matrix includes:
collagen (crayon drawings)
elastic fibers (pencil line)
reticular fibers (scaffolding)
Where is adipose found and what is it used for?
Found everywhere
Used for fat storage, metabolic reserves
Image: Where is adipose found and what is it used for?
What is areolar CT composed of?
Collage
elastic fibers
reticular fibers
mast cells
RBCs
fibroblasts
Image: What is areolar CT composed of?
Where is areolar CT found?
Found deep to epithelial basement membrane and between muscle layers
What is areolar CT used for?Loosely binds structures; supports neuromuscular bundlesWhy is dense regular CT called dense regular CT?Dense: due to the close association of collage fibers Regular: due to the parallel arrangement of those fibersWhere is dense regular CT found and what is it used for?Found in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses Used for resistance in one directionWhy is dense irregular CT called dense irregular CT?Dense: due to close association of collagen fibers Irregular: due to haphazard arrangement of collagen fibers *contains few cells and little ground substanceWhere is dense irregular CT found and what is it used for?Found underlying epithelium of skin and submucosa of GI tubes Used for resisting forces in all directionsWhat is the most abundant type of CT fiber?CollagenWhat are collagen fibers synthesized by?Fibroblasts Chondrocytes Osteoblasts epithelial cellsWhat is the function of reticular fibers?providing a mesh-like support network to the tissue Perform prominently in the initial stages of wound repairWhere are reticular fibers regularly found?Found more in lymphoid tissues to give those tissues shape *also found in bone marrow and spleenWhat are elastic fibers synthesized by?Fibroblasts and smooth muscle cellsWhere are elastic fibers found?Arteries *known for their bounceWhat percentage of body weight does white adipose tissue make up?About 10%What gives white adipose its yellowish color?Triglycerides which are rich in caroteneWhy does brown adipose tissue appear brown?Because of its vascularityWhat is brown adipose associated with?Body heat/thermogenesisWhat are the functions of blood?Transportation of O2 and CO2 Maintenance and regulation Transportation of hormones Transportation of cells for immune responseWhat are the 3 plasma proteins?Albumins (60%) Globulins (35%) Fibrinogen (4%)What is albumin responsible for?Concentration gradientWhat is globulin responsible for?AntibodiesWhat is fibrinogen responsible for?Begin the coagulation process to stop bleedingWhat are the 3 cell types in blood?Erythrocytes Leukocytes ThrombocytesWhat is the lifespan of a RBC?120 daysWhat is bound to hemoglobin in RBCs?O2 & CO2What are the 2 categories for white blood cells?Granulocytes AgranulocytesWhat white blood cells are granulocytes?neutrophils, eosinophils, basophilsWhat white blood cells are agranulocytes?lymphocytes and monocytesWhat is the predominant function of neutrophils?Work predominantly against bacteria at sites of inflammationWhat is the predominant function of lymphocytes?Creates antibodiesWhat are monocytes?immature macrophagesWhat do eosinophils do?Respond to allergic reactions, parasitic infections, or chronic inflammationWhat do basophils do?A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine.What are the 2 methods of growth for cartilage?Appositional (on the surface) Interstitial (mitotic division)What are the 3 types of cartilage?hyaline elastic fibrocartilageWhere is hyalin cartilage found?Epiphyseal plates Synovial joints Larynx Trachea Bronchi Costal cartilageWhat is hyaline cartilage lined by?PerichondriumWhere is elastic cartilage found?External ear Middle ear EpiglottisWhat is elastic cartilage surrounded by?perichondriumWhere is fibrocartilage found?IV disks Pubic symphysisWhat regulates bone growth?Anterior pituitary glandWhat are the functions of bone?Mechanical support Storage site for calcium and phosphate reserves Regulation of growthWhat are the 5 bone cells?1. Osteoprogenitor cells 2. Osteoblasts 3. Osteocytes 4. Bone-lining cells 5. OsteoclastsWhat do osteoprogenitor cells do?Form mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrowWhat do osteoblasts do?These will be future osteocytes Line areas of newly-forming boneWhat do osteocytes do?Maintains bone matrix and responds to mechanical forces exerted on the bone *sits in lacunaeWhat do bone-lining cells do?Reside in periosteal and endosteal locations Maintain osteocytes *potential to become bone cellsWhat do osteoclasts do?Break down mineralized bone and aid calcium levelsLocate the circumferential lamellae? Where is the periosteum? Where is the osteon? Where is the lamellae? Where is the canaliculi? Where is the central canal?