Biology Exam 1

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?
a. DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not.
b. The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not.
c. DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA.
d. DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine.
e. DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides.
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Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?
a. DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not.
b. The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not.
c. DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA.
d. DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine.
e. DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides.
DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?
a. A nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
b. A nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar
c. A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar
d. A phosphate group and an adenine or uracil
e. A pentose sugar and a purine or pyrimidine
A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar
The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that
a. Light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy.
b. Light microscopy provides for higher resolving power than electron microscopy.
c. Light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells.
d. Light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy.
e. Specimen preparation for light microscopy does not produce artifacts.
Light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells.
Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?
a. Rough ER
b. Lysosomes
c. Plasmodesmata
d. Golgi vesicles
e. Free cytoplasmic ribosomes
Rough ER
The correct one letter code for the amino acid Tyrosine is:
a. Y
b. W
c. T
d. R
Y
In the years since the proposal of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which of the following observations has been added to the model?
a. The membrane is only fluid across a very narrow temperature range.
b. Proteins rarely move, even though they possibly can do so.
c. Unsaturated lipids are excluded from the membranes.
d. The concentration of protein molecules is now known to be much higher.
e. The proteins are known to be made of only acidic amino acids
The concentration of protein molecules is now known to be much higher.
The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structure is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?
a. Rough ER
b. Smooth ER
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Nuclear envelope
e. Transport vesicles
Smooth ER
A molecule with the chemical formula C6H12O6 is probably a
a. Carbohydrate
b. Lipid
c. Monosaccharide
d. Carbohydrate and lipid only
e. Carbohydrate and monosaccharide only
Carbohydrate and monosaccharide only
In a plant cell, DNA may be found
a. Only in the nucleus
b. Only in the nucleus and mitochondria
c. Only in the nucleus and chloroplast
d. In the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
e. In the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes
In the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
Which type of organelle is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
a. Ribosomes
b. Mitochondria
c. Nuclei
d. Plastids
e. None of these
Plastids
An organism with a cell wall would most likely be unable to take in materials through a. Diffusion b. Osmosis c. Active transport d. Phagocytosis e. Facilitated diffusionPhagocytosisWhich level of protein structure do the α helix and the β pleated sheet represent? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Quaternary e. All of the aboveSecondaryWhich of the following statements is true for the class of biological molecules known as lipids? a. They are insoluble in water. b. They are made from glycerol, fatty acids, and phosphate. c. They contain less energy than proteins and carbohydrates. d. They are made by dehydration reactions. e. They contain nitrogen.They are insoluble in water.The correct one letter code for the amino acid Asparagine is: a. A b. R c. N d. QNWhat aspects of protein structure are stabilized or assisted by hydrogen bonds? a. Primary structure b. Secondary structure c. Tertiary structure d. Quaternary structure e. Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure, but not primary structureSecondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure, but not primary structureWrite out the complementary DNA sequence: ATCGGCTAATCGTAGCCGATTAGCWhich of the following is a polar amino acid? a. Serine b. Isoleucine c. Threonine d. Glutamic AcidSerine ThreonineWhich of the following is NOT a nonpolar amino acid? a. Methionine b. Histidine c. Alanine d. ValineHistidineWhich of the following processes does not take place in the nucleus? a. DNA Replication b. Transcription c. DNA Synthesis d. TranslationTranslationWhich of the following is not a function of the smooth ER? a. Synthesized lipids b. Metabolizes carbohydrates c. Stores calcium ions d. Produces proteinsProduces proteinsWrite out the complementary RNA sequence given the following DNA sequence: TCGGACTTAAGCCUGAAUWrite out the one letter codes that correspond with the following amino acid sequence: Tyrosine- Asparagine- Arginine- Alanine - Glutamine- TryptophanYNRAQWDisulfide bridges are a characteristic feature of which level of protein structure? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. QuaternaryTertiaryThe correct one letter code for Glutamine is: a. Q b. G c. L d. NQT/F: Amino acids are added to the C terminus of the previous amino acid in the sequenceTDisulfide bridges are formed on which amino acid? a. Cysteine b. Serine c. Methionine d. TyrosineCysteineWhich of the following is not a function of the Golgi Apparatus? a. Modifies products of the ER b. Manufactures certain macromolecules c. Sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles d. Transports proteins from the Rough ER to the Smooth ERTransports proteins from the Rough ER to the Smooth ERGiven the following RNA sequence, write out the corresponding DNA sequence: UAGCGGUAAATCGCCATTList out the one letter codes for all the nonpolar amino acidsG, A, V, L, I, M, F, W, PList out the amino acid names for all the polar amino acids.Serine, Threonine, Cysteine, Tyrosine, Asparagine, GlutamineWhich of the following combinations has one pyrimidine and one purine? a. A, G b. A, A c. A, T d. C, TA, TWhich of the following displays incorrect base pairing in DNA or RNA? a. A—T b. A—U c. C—G d. U—GU—GWhich group on an amino acid determines its properties? a. Hydrogen group b. Amino group c. R group d. Carboxylic groupR groupWhich of the following organelles is found in eukaryotes but NOT prokaryotes? a. Nucleus b. Ribosomes c. Cytoplasm d. DNANucleusWhich of the following is not a component of the phospholipid bilayer? a. Proteins b. Steroids c. Phospholipids d. DNADNAWhich of the following is a characteristic of the phospholipid bilayer? a. Phospholipids consist of a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail. b. Phospholipids are triacyclglycerols. c. Phospholipids are not soluble in water. d. Phospholipids can produce a selectively permeable membrane.Phospholipids can produce a selectively permeable membrane.Write out the amino acid names that correspond with the following one letter code sequence: Glycine- Glutamine- Alanine- Asparagine- ArginineGQANRWhich of the following is matched with the correct subunit? a. Intermediate Filament - tubulin b. Large Filaments - adenosine c. Microtubules - keratin d. Microfilament - actinMicrofilament - actinWhich of the following is NOT found in RNA? a. Adenosine b. Thymine c. Uracil d. GuanineThymine