Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

US History Test 1

Terms in this set (33)

What are the five basic elements that a society needs to display to be called "civilized"?
settlement, technology, writing, long distance trade, monotheism
What are the 3 criteria (tools used) by which civilizations are classified? What are the corresponding cultures called?
name, when, and lifestyle
Order the following civilizations chronologically: Aztec, Inca, and Maya
Maya, Aztec, Inca (old to young)
Where did the first inhabitants of the Americas come from about 15,000 years ago?
Native Americans (Paleo-Indians)
How did they manage to get in the Americas about 15,000 years ago?
they crossed a land bridge known as Bering Strait
Did Europeans introduce agriculture among Native Americans?
no, they became agriculturists when the last of the large mammals disappeared after the ice age
Who built the large Native American cities of Guatemala, Tenochtitlán (Mexico City), Macchu Picchu, and Mississippi?
Native Americans (Paleo-Indians)
Which 3 Native American language groups were spoken in the southeast of the United States? Which gender in Native American society performed agricultural work?
Algonquian, Iroquoian, and Muskogee
Women did most ag chores
How many Native Americans were living in the Americas by the time Europeans landed?
between 57 and 112 million
When did the Black Plague (Bubonic Plague) enter Europe?
1347
What were the consequences of the Bubonic Plague on European kings, society, and church? What is the first European country to emerge from the ashes of the Black Plague? Where did that country launch its overseas empire?
1. disruption of the feudal system, power of church weakened, & 1/4 of population died
2. Portugal
3. Africa
When did Portugal capture the first slaves (10 of them) in Africa?
1441
Which passage in the Bible did Europeans use to justify African slavery?
Curse of Ham (Gen. 9:20-27)
What percentage of African slaves during the transatlantic slave trade came to the United States? Which son of Noah was cursed and is considered the ancestor of Africans?
9%
Ham
When did the Muslim Ottoman Turks conquer Constantinople?
1453
How did the fall of Constantinople lead to Christopher Columbus to the discovery of America? What year was the Treaty of Tordesillas signed? Who got what in this treaty?
-The Turks imposed heavy taxes so the European traders looked for alternative routes to Asia
-1494
-Spain got the non-christian lands west of a line and Portugal got all non-christian lands to the east
What is the definition of Columbian Exchange? What was exchanged?
exchanging items with native Americans (diseases, plants, animals)
What is the first colony of the United States?
Jamestown
When was Jamestown founded? What was the goal of the stockholders in the Virginia Company? What are the names of the ships that brought the first 104 settlers of Jamestown? Who was Jamestown named after?
-1607
-to plant colonies in america
-Susan Constant, Discovery, & Godspeed
-King James I
Which Native American tribe did Pocahontas come from? Where did Pocahontas die?
Powatan & England
How long were indentured servant contracts? What did the indentured servant get in the headright system and in exchange of what? Why did Europeans prefer indentured servitude in America?
-4 to 7 years renewable
-transportation to America for 5 pounds and a promise of 50 acres of land
-the need for labor increased and the indentured servants couldn't afford 5 pounds to America
When did the first Africans arrive in America? Did the first Africans arrive in America as slaves?
1619 & no; indentured servants
What did the doctrine of Martin Luther say?
salvation by faith alone
What did Calvinism say? Where was John Calvin from?
some people had been saved by God to go to heaven, and some people were predestined to go to hell
France
Which doctrine did Puritan follow? Which ship brought the Pilgrims to America?
Predestination & Mayflower
Which colony did the Pilgrims found in the United States? When was Plymouth founded? What was the goal of the Pilgrims in coming to America? Who gave the famous "A City Upon the Hill" speech regarding the Covenant between Puritans and God?
-Plymouth
-to colonize the northern part of Virginia company's territory
-John Winthrop
Who was Anne Hutchinson?
a woman who was accused of witchcraft because she defied Puritan religion
What is the list of the six restoration colonies? Why were they so called?
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, North Carolina, & South Carolina
Which wars exemplify the Indian reaction in the decade of crisis?
King Philips war of 1675 and the Pueblo revolt of 1680
Which rebellion brought a rich settler in an alliance with indentured servants?
Bacon's rebellion
What is the definition of mercantilism?
an economic theory that colonies only exist to enrich their mother countries
What were the first British mercantilist laws called?
Navigation Acts
What was called encomienda? What was called eminent Domain? Which of the two is British and which one is Spanish? Which one is an imitation of the other?
-a system of economic exploitation, which argued that what was above the ground belonged to the conquistador and what was under the ground belonged to the crown
-action that the government took to affirm that in case of conflict over a citizen's property
-eminent domain is british
-eminent domain is imitated of encomienda
Students also viewed