Exam #1 Practice Questions

Modern species definitions required each species to be a monophyletic group. What does this imply?
(a) The group includes all organisms derived from a common ancestor
(b) The group must be in the pure culture and able to cause disease when introduced to a healthy host
(c) The group includes only organisms with genomes that re associate >70%
(d) The group includes organisms with a single name
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Modern species definitions required each species to be a monophyletic group. What does this imply?
(a) The group includes all organisms derived from a common ancestor
(b) The group must be in the pure culture and able to cause disease when introduced to a healthy host
(c) The group includes only organisms with genomes that re associate >70%
(d) The group includes organisms with a single name
(a) the group includes all organisms derived from a common ancestor
Which of the following is one of Koch's postulates that was only useful because of one of Pasteur's previous discoveries?
(a) The suspect microbes can be grown in pure culture in a lab from samples of a diseased individual
(b) When introduced to a healthy individual, a culture of the suspect microbe causes disease.
(c) The suspect microbe is absent from healthy individuals.
(d) Exposing a healthy individual to a weakened strain of bacteria induces protection from a disease.
(a) The suspect microbe can be grown in pure culture in a lab from samples of a diseased individual
What new technology did Antony Van Leeuwenhoek use to make an important contribution to the foundation of microbiology?
(a) DNA sequencing
(b) Light microscope
(c) Cells
(d) Repeated boiling for sterilization
(c) Vaccine
(b) light microscope
If someone collects ribosomal sequences from a group of organisms, what is this data most useful for?
(a) Discerning ancient evolutionary relationships above the genus level
(b) Determining the types of environments where the organisms typically grow
(c) Distinguishing closely related species from the same genus
(d) Detecting horizontal gene transfer
(a) Discerning ancient evolutionary relationships above the genus level.
What source of energy describe as potentially important in the formation of organic precursor molecules are also nearby minerals with surfaces useful to help explain the formation of biopolymers and proto-cells?
(a) Gamma rays
(b) Electrical discharge
(c) Geothermal Energy
(d) Shock Waves
(c) Geothermal Energy
Suppose E. Coli has nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of 3:1. You are growing E. Coli at 37 degrees C on synthetic media that has an N:P ratio of 1:1. How should the growth rate respond if you add a new supply of N?
(a) decrease
(b) no change
(c) increase
(d) can't tell from the information given
(c) increase
How would the growth rate respond if you add a new supply of P?
(a) increase
(b) no change
(c) decrease
(d) can't tell from the information given
(b) no change
What would you expect the response of the growth rate to be if the pH was increased by 2 units?
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) no change
(d) can't tell from the information given
(d) can't tell from information given
Since the large intestine is an open system from the perspective of microbial growth, the thousands of species found in this habitat must have which adaption in order to persist there?
(a) Strictly anaerobic metabolism
(b) Growth rate higher than the rate at which material moves through the habitat
(c) Ability to grow on most foods so that population inputs to the habitat match outputs.
(d) High virulence
(b) Growth rate higher than rate at which material moves through the habitat.
What would you expect the response to be if you increased the temperature of incubation by 25 degrees C?
(a) decrease
(b) no change
(c) increase
(d) can't tell from the information given
(a) decrease
Loss of what structure would result in E. Coli losing its rod shape? (a) Peptidoglycan (b) Outer membrane (c) Lipopolysaccharide (d) Capsule(a) PeptidoglycanWhich of the following E. Coli pathotypes is normally found in human populations, and frequently passed person-to-person? (a) EPEC (b) EHEC (c) ExPEC (d) All of these pathotypes(a) EPECA bacterium is growing in a medium with a ratio of P to Fe of 100:1. To determine which of these resources to add to increase the growth rate, you would also need to know which of the following? (a) Ratio of P: Fe in the bacterial cell (b) pH of the surrounding environment (c) Growth rate of the population (d) Whether the organism is a chemotroph or not(a) Ratio of P: Fe in the bacterial cellIf E. Coli is moved from storage into a chemostat, which of the following growth stages would be displayed by the population over the next couple days? Choose all that apply (a) Lag phase (b) Exponential phase (c) Stationary phase (d) Death phase(a) Lag Phase (b) Exponential PhaseTo be passed from one person to another, E. Coli must survive outside the body for a period of time. What structure would be most beneficial? (a) Capsule (b) Lipopolysaccharide (c) Nucleoid (d) Basal body hook(a) capsule