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Chapter 8 Vocab Test

Terms in this set (23)

anion
A negatively charged ion
cation
A positively charged ion
neutral; because the charges are opposite and equal
what is the charge of an atom? why?
monotomic ion
an ion formed from only one atom
molecule
a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds
formula unit
the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound
covalent bond
bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms
diatomic molecule
a molecule that contains two atoms
molecular compound
a compound composed of molecules
molecular formula
the chemical formula of a molecular compound
single covalent bond
a bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons
structural formula
represents the covalent bonds as dashes and shows the arrangement of covalently bonded atoms
double covalent bond
a bond that involves two shared pairs of electrons
polyatomic ion
a tightly bound group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and behaves as a unit
molecular orbital
orbitals that apply to the entire molecule
bonding orbital
a molecular orbital that can be occupied by two electrons of a covalent bond
tetrahedral angle
a bond of 109.5 degrees that results when a central atom forms four bonds directed toward the center of a regular tetrahedron
non polar covalent bond
a covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally by two atoms
polar covalent bond
a covalent bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared unequally
polar molecule
a molecule in which one side of the molecule in slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive
dipole
a molecule that has two poles
van der Waals forces
the two weakest attractions between molecules
hydrogen bond
Attraction forces in which hydrogen covalent bonded to a very electronegative atom is also weakly bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative bond
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