CHM 352 Amino Acids

There are three categories for the R groups of amino acids: ________________, __________________, and _________________.
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There are three categories for the R groups of amino acids: ________________, __________________, and _________________.
nonpolar, polar charged, polar uncharged
If an amino acid is __________________, then the R group is nonpolar.
hydrophobic
If an amino acid is __________________, then the R group is polar.
hydrophilic
List the 7 nonpolar, aliphatic amino acids:
glycine, alanine, proline, valine, leucine, isoleucine, and methionine
List the 3 aromatic amino acids:
phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan
List the 5 polar, uncharged amino acids:
asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, and tyrosine
List the 3 polar, positively charged amino acids:
lysine, arginine, and histidine
List the 2 polar, negatively charged amino acids:
aspartic acid, glutamic acid
_______________ has H for a side chain and is nonpolar.
glycine
_______________ has CH3 for a side chain and is nonpolar.
alanine
_______________ has C-CH3-CH3 for a side chain and is nonpolar.valine______________ has CH2-SH for a side chain and is nonpolarcysteine______________ has CH2-CH2-CH2 in a ring for a side chain and is nonpolarproline_____________ has CH2-CH-CH3-CH3 for a side chain and is nonpolar.leucine_____________ has CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 for a side chain and is nonpolar.isoleucine________________ has CH2-CH2-S-CH3 for a side chain and is nonpolarmethionine_________________ has two five membered aromatic rings with a NH on one as a side chain and is nonpolar.tryptophan____________________ has a benzene ring as a side chain and is nonpolar.phenylalanine_______________ has benzene ring with an OH attached as a side chain and is polar, noncharged.tyrosine________________ has CH2-OH as a side chain and is polar, uncharged.serine_______________ has CH3-CH-OH as a side chain, and is polar, uncharged.threonine___________________ has CH2-C-NH2 as a side chain and is polar, uncharged II Oasparagine______________ has CH2-CH2-C-NH2 as a side chain and is polar, uncharged II Oglutamine________________ has a fused ring with NH as a side chain and is polar, uncharged.histidine__________________ has CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH3+ for a side chain and is polar, positively charged.lysine___________ has CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-C=NH2+ for a side chain and is polar, positively charged. I NH2arginine_____________ has CH2-C-O- for a side chain and is polar, negatively charged. II Oaspartate______________ has CH2-CH2-C-O- for a side chain and is polar, negatively charged. II Oglutamate______________ is the simplest amino acid.glycine______________ has a methyl group for its side chain.alanine_____________________ includes a phenyl ring on an alanine residue.phenylalanine_______________ has an extra methyl group than valine.leucine_________________ has the same molecules in its R group as leucine, just arranged differently.isoleucine___________________ is one of the only two amino acids with a sulfur in its R-group.cysteine/methionine__________________ is the only amino acid with a fused ring system.tryptophanThe concentration of a protein may be determined based on reactions with the amino acid ___________________.tryptophan____________ is the only amino acid whose side chain loops back onto its own backbone.proline______________ may induce kinks in a polypeptide sequence.proline_____________ amino acids are often found in the active sites of enzymes because they can facilitate chemical catalysis.polar_________________ can form disulfide bonds.cysteinedisulfide bonds can facilitate ___________________ in a 3-D protein structure.crosslinking______________ and _________________ have hydroxyl groups in their side chains.serine, threonine_________________ is a derivative of phenylalaninetyrosine___________________ has 1 methylene group while ________________ has 2 methylene groups.asparagine, glutamine___________________ has a 5-membered ring system with nitrogen and can be charged at certain pH valueshistidineBoth ___________ and ________________ have long side chains with a positively charged amine group.lysine, arginine________________ and ________________ are analogous to asparagine and glutamine except ________________ and ________________ have carboxylate groups.aspartate, glutamate, aspartate, glutamate