Diabetes: Oral Drugs and Insulin

Term

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Sulfonylureas (Oral Drug)

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Terms in this set (7)

Sulfonylureas (Oral Drug)

-Stimulate beta cells to make insulin
-glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride
-Causes Hypoglycemia
-Educate: NO alcohol consumption can cause hypoglycemia

Meglitinides (Oral Drug)

-Stimulates beta cells to produce insulin
-Taken right before food
-Generic name ends with -glinide (Repaglinide)

Biguanides (Oral Drug)

-Metformin (Glucophage)
-Decreased the liver storage of glucose
-Watch out if the patient is scheduled for surgery/procedure (heart cath, anything with dyes) ... stop for 48 hour and watch renal function

Alpha-glucoside inhibitor (Oral Drug)

-Lower blood glucose by breaking down starchy foods in the gut
-Precose, Glyset (starch blockers)
-Take medication with FIRST bite of food

Thiazolidinedione (Oral Drug)

-Decrease glucose production in the liver
-Watch liver function, heart failure because of increased risk of MI's
-Glitazone

Dawn phenomenon

In the morning/waking hours, the patient has hyperglycemia because the body in preparation of waking up the body shoots some extra glucose because it knows you are going to need it for those waking hours

Sleep hours have a drop in blood sugar around 2-3 am and the body tries to fix it but results in hyperglycemia