S2: ch.4

(1) Tissue type composed largely of nonliving extracellular matrix; important in protection and support
(2) The tissue immediately responsible for body movement
(3) The tissue that enables us to be aware of the external environment and to react to it
(4) The tissue that lines body cavities and covers surfaces
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(1) Tissue type composed largely of nonliving extracellular matrix; important in protection and support
(2) The tissue immediately responsible for body movement
(3) The tissue that enables us to be aware of the external environment and to react to it
(4) The tissue that lines body cavities and covers surfaces
1. connective tissue
2. muscle
3. nervous tissue
4. epithelium
An epithelium that has several layers, with an apical layer of flattened cells, is called (choose all that apply):
stratified squamous epithelium
The gland type that secretes products such as milk, saliva, bile, or sweat through a duct is
exocrine gland
The membrane which lines body cavities that open to the exterior is a(n)
mucous membrane
Scar tissue is a variety of
connective tissue
Name the primary cell type in connective tissue proper; in cartilage; in bone.
connective: fibroblast
cartilage: chondroblast
bone: osteoblast
Name the two major components of the extracellular matrix and, if applicable, subclasses of each component.
ground substances: interstitial fluid, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans
fibers: collagen, elastic, reticular
Name the specific connective tissue type found in the following body locations:
(a) forming the soft packing around organs
(b) supporting the ear pinna
(c) forming "stretchy" ligaments
(d) first connective tissue in the embryo
(e) forming the intervertebral discs
(f) covering the ends of bones at joint surfaces
(g) main component of subcutaneous tissue.
a. areolar
b. elastic cartilage
c. elastic connective tissue
d. mesenchyme
e. fibrocartilage
f. hyaline cartilage
g. areolar connective tissue
What is the function of macrophages?
-involves in overall body defenses. its cell are phagocytic and act in the immune response
Define tissue.
composed of similar cells that work together to form a specific function
Name four important functions of epithelial tissue and provide at least one example of a tissue that exemplifies each function.protection- stratified squamous absorption-simple columnar filtration-simple squamous secretion-simple cuboidalProvide examples from the body that illustrate four of the major functions of connective tissue.areolar-binding cartilage- support bone-protection adipose blood-transportationMatrix is extracellular. How does the matrix get to its characteristic position?The matrix gets to its position due to secretion of its components by the undifferentiated (blast) cells located throughout the matrix.Differentiate between the roles of neurons and the supporting cells of nervous tissue.neurons- generate and conduct nerve impulse supporting cells- supports insulate and protect the neuronsIndicate which primary tissue classes derive from each embryonic germ layer.ectoderm: epithelium and nervous mesoderm: connective, muscle and epithelium endoderm: epitheliumJohn sustained a severe injury during football practice and is told that he has a torn knee cartilage. Can he expect a quick, uneventful recovery? Explain your response.bc there are less blood vessel so there is not enough blood to health the torn cartilage quicklyThe epidermis (epithelium of the cutaneous membrane or skin) is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Explain why that epithelium is much better suited for protecting the body's external surface than a mucosa consisting of a simple columnar epithelium would be.bc it is waterproof protecting the body external harmMrs. Delancy went to the local meat market and bought a beef tenderloin (cut from the loin, the region along the steer's caudal vertebral column) and some tripe (cow's stomach). What type of muscle was she preparing to eat in each case?She is preparing to eat smooth muscleExplain the functional classification of multicellular exocrine glands and supply an example for each class.-merocrine glands (sweat glands) secrete their products by exocytosis -holocrine glands (oil glands) release their products by the lysis of the entire cell -apocrine (not believed to be present in humans) release their products by pinching off parts of the cell contents.Compare and contrast skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissue relative to structure, body location, and specific function.Describe the process of tissue repair, making sure you indicate factors that influence this process.In what ways are adipose tissue and bone similar? How are they different?similar: both tissues are connective tissue with rich blood supplies for nutrient storageIn adults, over 90% of all cancers are either adenomas (adenocarcinomas) or carcinomas. (See Related Clinical Terms for this chapter.) In fact, cancers of the skin, lung, colon, breast, and prostate are all in these categories. Which one of the four basic tissue types gives rise to most cancers? Why do you think this is so?Cindy, an overweight high school student, is overheard telling her friend that she's going to research how she can transform some of her white fat to brown fat. What is her rationale here (assuming it is possible)?