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cos chapter 6

Terms in this set (65)

the study of the functions ams activities performed by the body's structure
physiology
cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called _________ in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water are present
protoplasm
In addition to the protoplasm, the principal parts of the cell are _____________
nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane
the cell structure that plays an important role in cell reproduction
nucleus
Protoplasm is to raw egg white as _____________ is to raw egg yolk.
nucleus
the watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
cytoplasm
the part of the cell that permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
cell membrane
mitosis
the process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called daughter cells
food, oxygen, water
cells will continue to grow and thrive as long as they are favored with the proper temperature, they can eliminate waste products, and they are supplied with adequate supply of ________
tissue
collections of similar cells that perform a particular function
connective
tissue that binds together, protects, and supports various parts of the body is called ______ tissue
adipose
what types of tissue protects and insulates the body
epithial tissue
what is the protective covering on body surfaces, such as skin, mucous membranes, or linings of the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and glands
nerve
what type of tissue carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions
organs
structures of the body that perform specific functions are known as _____
body systems
groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions
organism
body systems are arranged to form a ______
digestive
the stomach and intestines are part of the _________ system
206 bones and joints
the skeletal system consists of _______
joint
the connection between two or more bones of the skeletal system
8
the cranium is made up of how many bones
occipital
the hindmost bone of the skull
parietal
the bones that form the sides and top of the cranium
frontal bone
what bone forms the forehead
temporal
the bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region
ethmoid
the light spongy bone between the eye sockets
maxillae
the bones of the upper jaw
mandible
the largest and strongest bone of the face
scapula
the large, flat, triangular bone of the shoulder
humerus
the uppermost and largest bone of the shoulder
origin, belly, insertion
the three parts of a muscle
epicranius
the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull
frontalis
which muscle of the scalp raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles in the forehead
epicranial aponeurosis
the tendon that connects the occipitalis and the frontalis
platysma
the broad muscle that extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip is called the _______ muscle
sternocleidomastoideus
the muscle that rotates and lowers the head
40-50
muscles represent about ________ percent of the body's total weight
orbicularis oculi
which muscle enables the eyes to close
corrygator
the muscle that draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles forehead vertically
procerus
which muscle covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose
buccinator
the thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips is the _______ muscle
risorius
which muscle of the mouth draws the corner of the mouth out and back, as when grinning
bicep
the muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, lift the forearm, and flex the elbow
deltoid
The large, thick triangular shaped muscle that covers the shoulder and lifts and turns the arm outward
extensors
the muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and the fingers to form a straight line
supinator
the muscles that turn the radius outward and the palm upward
abductors
the muscles that separate the fingers
extensor digitorum longus
The muscle that bends the foot up and extends the toes
afferent
sensory nerves are also called _______ nerves
opthalmic nerve
Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and the interior portion of the scalp, orbit I bought, and nasal passage
radial
the sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand
pain from injury or compression of the _______ nerve can radiate throughout the abdomen and be sensed in the lower back, hip or lower abdomen
sciatic
Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg
tibial nerve
another name for the circulatory system
cardiovascular
thick walled, muscular, flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
arteries
the tiny, thin walled blood vessels that bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials
capillaries
thin walled blood vessels that contain cup like valves that keep blood flowing in one direction to the heart and prevent blood from flowing backward
veins
blood is approximately ______ water
80%
which artery supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose and internal ear
internal carotid artery
fight infection lymph nodes filter the lymphatic vessels, which helps ____________
fight infection
the integumentary system consists of the skin and ________ glands
sweat
secretions that stimulate functional activity or other secretions in the body
hormones
what gland affects almost every psychologic process of the body
pituitary
what gland controls how quickly energy is burned
thyroid
the primary hormone produced by the female reproductive system
estrogen
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