all the jeopardy questions used in class. 9/22/2011
Reverse Jeopardy Game Template created by Rita Al-Abdullah, Laura Bush, and Jennifer Santos.
Spring 2004, Arizona State University. May be used or adapted for educational use if properly credited
STUDY
PLAY
Examples of these Fluids include: - Cerebrospinal -Pericardial - Pancreatic - Pleural - Synovial
What are transcellular fluids?
*Found in the skeleton and intracellular fluid *2nd most abundant cation *Normal serum levels are 1.5-2.5 mEq/L *Necessary for protein DNA synthesis *Found in grains, nuts, dried fruits, legumes and green leafy vegetables
What is Magnesium?
-This fluid loss occurs through the skin and the lungs -It is usually not detectable and cannot be measured -Normally accounts for 300-400mL of fluid loss/day
What is insensible losses?
-Total serum calcium of over 10.5mg/dL -May be due to prolonged immobilization -s/s of lethargy, weakness, anorexia, n/v, constipation, depressed tendon reflexes, polyuria
What is hypercalcemia?
Abnormal labs related to Respiratory Alkalosis
What is a pH greater than 7.45 AND PaCO2 < 35?
The Movement of water across cell membranes from the less concentrated to the more concentrated solution
What is Osmosis
-Most abundant cation in the extracellular fluid -It is found in most body secretions -Usually accompanies any water imbalances
What is sodium Na+?
-Primary regulator of fluid intake -Located in the hypothalamus of the brain -Osmotic pressure and vascular volume and angiotensin trigger it.
What is the thirst mechanism?
-Water is drawn out of the vascular compartment into interstitial tissues and cells -Lethargy, confusion, weakness -Muscle twitching, cramping -Headache seizures, coma
What is hyponatremia?
Normal serum levels are 135-145 mEq/L
What is Sodium (Na+)?
-Urine -Insensible loss -Loss through the skin -Loss through feces
What are fluid Losses?
-Major cation in intracellular fluid -Vital electrolyted for skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle activity -Involved in maintaining acid/base balance -Normal levels are 3.5-5 mEq/L
What is potassium?
-Body retains both water and sodium -Edema may be present -Weight gain -Fluid intake greater than output
What is fluid volume excess (FVE) or hypervolemia?
-Water is drawn into the vascular compartment from the interstitial cells -May be due to decreased thirst mechanism, hyperventilation, fever or insufficient water intake
What is dehydration or fluid volume deficit (FVE)?
-Bicarbonate exceeds the normal 20:1 ratio -May be caused by ingestion of too many antacids -Happens after prolonged vomiting -Respirations are slow and shallow
What is metabolic alkalosis?
-Uses the interview process to obtain client information -Current and past medical problems are assessed -Identifies risk factors -Elicits data about the client's food & fluid intake and output
What is a nursing (or patient) history?
-Acute lung conditions the impair alveolar gas exchange -Overdose of narcotics or sedatives -Chronic lung disease -Airway obstruction -Mechanical chest injury
What are risk factors for respiratory acidosis?
-Monitor intake and output closely -Treat underlying problem -Monitor vital signs, especially respirations and LOC -Administer ordered IV fluids carefully
What are interventions for metabolic acidosis?
-pH <7.35 -CO2 >45 -HCO3 normal or slightly elevated
What is respiratory acidosis?
-Often results from hyperventilation -May also be caused by fever and respiratory infections -Complains of SOB, numbness & tingling of extremities -Light-headedness & blurred vision
What is respiratory alkalosis?
-Examining the skin, oral cavity, mucous membranes -Skin turgor check -Cardiovascular and respiratory status -Neurological and muscular status
What is a physical assessment?
-Renal impairment -Diabetes mellitus -Prolonged diarrhea -Cardiac arrest -Excessive ingestion of acids or salicylates
What is risk factors metabolic acidosis?
-Monitor airway and ventilation -Administer pulmonary therapy if ordered -Monitor fluid intake/output, vitals, ABG's -Administer narcotic antagonists -Frequently assess respiratory status and lung sounds -Maintain adequate hydration
What is are nursing interventions for Respiratory Acidosis?
-pH >7.45 -CO2 <35 mmHg
What are ABG results in Respiratory alkalosis?
-Bicarbonate levels are low -May develop in renal failure, starvation or diabetic ketoacidosis -Headache, weakness, lethargy confusion -Deep, rapid respirations -Nausea and vomiting
What is metabolic acidosis?
-Measures the solute concentration of the blood -Evaluates fluid balance -Includes sodium, glucose and urea measurements -Normal values are 280-300mOsm/kg
What is Serum osmolarity?
-Vomiting, gastric suction -↑ use of K+ wasting diuretics -Excessive bicarbonate intake -Cushing's syndrome
What are risk factors for Metabolic alkalosis?
-Monitor ABG values, I & O and LOC -Treat underlying problem as ordered -Administer sodium bicarbonate carefully if ordered
What are nursing interventions for metabolic acidosis?
-pH>7.45 -PaCo2 > 45 -HCO3 >26
What is metabolic alkalosis?
-Hypoventilation and carbon dioxide retention can cause this -Asthma and COPD are common causes -Anesthesia or narcotic overdose can cause this also
What is respiratory acidosis?
-Daily weights -Vital signs -Fluid intake and output monitoring and recording
What are clinical measurements the nurse should do in her daily assessment?
-Fever -Brain stem injury -Hyperventilation due to: *Anxiety *↑ body temp, ↑BMR *hypoxia
What are risk factors for respiratory alkalosis?
-Monitor vital signs, ABG's -Assist client to breath more slowly -Help client breath in a paper bag -Apply a re-breather mask
What are nursing interventions for respiratory alkalosis?
-pH <7.35 -CO2 < 38 mmHg -HCO3 < 22
What is metabolic acidosis?
FINAL JEOPARDY
FINAL JEOPARDY
-This organ is the long-term regulator of acid-base balances -Slower to respond -But the response is more permanent and selective