IC Chapter 2 Terms

Cultural Universals
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Terms in this set (26)
Cultural Universals
formed out of the common problems of all cultures.
Economic systems
The way in which the products that meet the material needs of the people are produced, distributed, and consumed. (Capitalism, socialism, agrarianism, and barter).
Imports
goods brought into the country.
Exports
goods sent out of the country.
Political Systems
the governing system of the country. (Dictatorship, inherited rights, elected procedures, consensus, or conquest).
Supernationalism
advocacy of the formation of supernational organizations or governments. (i.e. - United Nations, European Union, and NAFTA)
Subnationalism
when a political body attempts to unite diverse people under one government. (a group of people just under the national level).
Subnationals
Groups that wish to maintain their culture while their members participate fully in the economy. (i.e. Amish doesn't detract from economic policy, just goes about it differently.)
Cultural Heritage
the body of customary beliefs, social forms, material traits, thoughts, speech and the artistic and intellectual traditions of a society. (Liberal Arts, Technical training, Apprenticeship)
Marriage and Family systems
made up of attitudes, beliefs, and practices related to marriage and the family that are held by people in a particular culture.
Nuclear familyconsists of father, mother and childrenExtended familyconsists of grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins.Polygyny (Polygamy)one man with many wives (Arabic countries, Islam)Polyandryone woman with many husbands. (Polynesian nations)Monogamyone husband and wife (North/South Amer, Asia, Europe, parts of Africa.Serial Monogamya number of different monogamous marriages. (US practices this).Patriarchalfather oriented family (father displays most authority)Matriarchalmother oriented family (mother displays most authority)Social HierarchyA categorization of people into a society to create social structure.Social reciprocitythe way in which formal and informal communications are handled.Group membershipwhich groups you choose to be a part of.Intermediariespeople who act as go-betweens with other people.Formalitythe degree of preciseness, regularity, or conformity expected within the society.PropertySomething that is or may be possessed. (Private, utilitarian, or community)Hierarchical divisionsSocial classes, gender, ethnic groups, castes, tribes.Human Development Index (HDI)used to measure individual purchasing power, health and education for the population as a whole and for women.