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Time Period 6 Review (AP CLASSROOM)

Terms in this set (29)

"Formerly the individual was the pioneer of civilization; now, the railroad is the pioneer, and the individual follows, or is only slightly in advance. . . . The wild roses are blooming today, and the sod is yet unturned . . . where, in a year or two will be heard the screech of the locomotive and the tramp of the approaching legions, another year will bring the beginning of the change; towns and cities will spring into existence, and the steam whistle and the noise of saws and hammers, and the click and clatter of machinery, the sound of industry will be heard. The prairies will be golden with the ripening harvest, and the field and the forest, the mine and the river, will all yield their abundance to the ever growing multitude."

George A. Batchelder, A Sketch of the History and Resources of Dakota Territory, 1870

Which of the following contributed most to the process described in the excerpt?
D. Legislation that facilitated the distribution of western land
George A. Batchelder, A Sketch of the History and Resources of Dakota Territory, 1870

The settlement pattern described in the excerpt was most similar to earlier settlement patterns in that it was
C. accompanied by conflict with American Indians over landownership
George A. Batchelder, A Sketch of the History and Resources of Dakota Territory, 1870

Which of the following was a long-term result of the developments described in the excerpt?
D. The creation of farmers' groups to resist corporate control of agricultural markets
William M. "Boss" Tweed: "As long as I count the votes, what are you going to do about it?"

Which of the following changes to the United States during the nineteenth century most directly contributed to the development depicted in the image?
A. The rapid growth of cities
William M. "Boss" Tweed: "As long as I count the votes, what are you going to do about it?"

During the late nineteenth century, politicians such as the one depicted in the image most likely would have opposed which of the following?
D. Calls for reforms to local and state governments
William M. "Boss" Tweed: "As long as I count the votes, what are you going to do about it?"

The image was created most directly in response to
C. the power gained by urban political machines
"If they dare to come out in the open field and defend the gold standard as a good thing, we will fight them to the uttermost. Having behind us the producing masses of this nation and the world, supported by the commercial interests, the laboring interests, and the toilers everywhere, we will answer their demand for a gold standard by saying to them: You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns; you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold."

William Jennings Bryan, 1896

Which of the following groups would most likely agree with the quote above?
D. Midwestern farmers
"So many people ask me what they shall do; so few tell me what they can do.Yet this is the pivot wherein all must turn.
"I believe that each of us who has his place to make should go where men are wanted, and where employment is not bestowed as alms. Of course, I say to all who are in want of work, GoWest! . . .
"On the whole I say, stay where you are; do as well as you can; and devote every spare hour to making yourself familiar with the conditions and dexterity required for the efficient conservation of out-door industry in a new country. Having mastered these, gather up your family and GoWest!"

Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, letter to R. L. Sanderson, 1871

Which of the following most accurately describes a group who acted on ideas such as those in the excerpt?
D. Northern European immigrants pursuing mining, farming, and ranching
Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, letter to R. L. Sanderson, 1871

The fulfillment of advice such as that in the excerpt most directly contributed to which of the following in the late nineteenth century?
B. Competition for resources among White settlers and American Indians
1908 photograph by Lewis Hine of Sadie Pfeifer, one of many children working in a South Carolina cotton mill

Courtesy of the Library of Congress

The conditions shown in the photograph emerged most directly as a result of which of the following?
C. The preference of factory owners for a cheap labor force
"Probably no other individual [than Cornelius Vanderbilt, 1794-1877] made an equal impact over such an extended period on America's economy and society. . . . He vastly improved and expanded the nation's transportation infrastructure, contributing to a transformation of the very geography of the United States. . . . Far ahead of many of his peers, he grasped one of the great changes in American culture: the abstraction of economic reality, as the connection faded between the tangible world and the new devices of business, such as paper currency, corporations, and securities. . . . One person cannot move the national economy single-handedly—but no one else kept his hands on the lever for so long or pushed so hard."

T. J. Stiles, historian, The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt, 2009

Which of the following developments in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries most directly represented a continuation of the pattern described in the excerpt?
C. The consolidation of corporations into large trusts and holding companies
T. J. Stiles, historian, The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt, 2009

Which of the following ideas was most often used to justify the success and wealth of those like Vanderbilt?
B. Social Darwinism
"A PARTY OF PATCHES"

The cartoonist most likely supported
D. government policies favoring corporations
"A PARTY OF PATCHES"

The People's (Populist) Party emerged most directly in response to which of the following late-nineteenth-century trends?
C. The growth of corporate power in agriculture and the economy
"A PARTY OF PATCHES"

The cartoon suggests that the disparate groups that favored the People's (Populist) Party typically shared which of the following?
B. Belief in a stronger federal government role in the United States economic system
"A PARTY OF PATCHES"

Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the Populist Party?
A. Sharecroppers
Question refers to the excerpt below.

"We demand a graduated income tax. . . . Transportation being a means of exchange and a public necessity, the government should own and operate the railroads. . . . The land, including all the natural sources of wealth, is the heritage of the people, and should not be monopolized for speculative purposes, and alien ownership of land should be prohibited.... [W]e demand a free ballot and a fair count . . . to every legal voter.... [W]e favor a constitutional provision limiting the office of President and Vice-President to one term, and providing for the election of Senators of the United States by a direct vote of the people."

People's (Populist) Party platform, 1892

Activists formed the Populist Party most directly in response to the
D. rise of monopolies and reduction of wages for industrial workers
People's (Populist) Party platform, 1892

The ideas of the Populist Party, as expressed in the excerpt, had the most in common with the ideas of the
B. Progressive movement
People's (Populist) Party platform, 1892

Which of the following best describes the overarching goals of the Populist Party in the late nineteenth century?
D. Cooperative democracy and a stronger governmental role in the economic system
"We are just now making a great pretense of anxiety to civilize the [American] Indians. . . . As we have taken into our national family seven millions of Negroes . . . it would seem that the time may have arrived when we can very properly make at least the attempt to assimilate our two hundred and fifty thousand Indians. . . .
"The school at Carlisle is an attempt on the part of the government to do this. . . . Carlisle fills young Indians with the spirit of loyalty to the stars and stripes, and then moves them out into our communities to show by their conduct and ability that the Indian is no different from the white or the colored, that he has the inalienable right to liberty and opportunity that the white and the negro have."

Richard H. Pratt, founder, Carlisle Indian Industrial School, "The Advantages of Mingling Indians with Whites," 1892

Pratt's arguments in the excerpt in support of his school for American Indians had most in common with the arguments of which of the following groups?
B. Some social reformers in the later 1800s who founded settlement houses for newly arrived immigrants
Richard H. Pratt, founder, Carlisle Indian Industrial School, "The Advantages of Mingling Indians with Whites," 1892

Many American Indians of the 1890s responded to policies such as those of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School by
D. seeking to preserve their cultural and tribal identities
THE PROTECTORS OF OUR INDUSTRIES

The image was created most directly in response to the
D. consolidation of corporations into trusts and holding companies
THE PROTECTORS OF OUR INDUSTRIES

Which of the following most directly affected the lives of the late-nineteenth-century workers?
D. Political machines that provided social services in exchange for votes
SELECTED WESTERN RAILWAYS, 1883

Which of the following was a primary cause of the developments depicted on the map?
C. Federal subsidies encouraged the growth of infrastructure.
SELECTED WESTERN RAILWAYS, 1883

The developments depicted on the map most directly contributed to the
B. heightening of nativist feelings against foreign-born workers in the West
SELECTED WESTERN RAILWAYS, 1883

The developments depicted on the map most strongly affected American Indians by
A. increasing armed conflict with United States citizens and threatening traditional ways of life
"Article 2: [T]he United States now solemnly agrees that no persons... shall ever be permitted to pass over, settle upon, or reside in... this reservation for the use of said Indians.
"Article 6: If any individual belonging to said tribes of Indians, or legally incorporated with them, being the head of a family, shall desire to commence farming, he shall have the privilege to select...a tract of land within said reservation, not exceeding three hundred and twenty acres in extent.
"Article 11: [T]he tribes who are parties to this agreement hereby stipulate that they will relinquish all right to occupy permanently the territory outside their reservations . . . but yet reserve the right to hunt on any lands north of North Platte, and on the Republican Fork of the Smoky Hill river, so long as the buffalo may range thereon in such numbers as to justify the chase. . . . They will withdraw all opposition to the construction of the railroads now being built on the plains. . . . They will not attack any persons at home, or travelling, nor molest or disturb any wagon trains, coaches, mules, or cattle belonging to the people of the United States."

Second Treaty of Fort Laramie, agreed between the United States government and various bands of the Sioux nation, 1868

The conflict between the Sioux nation and the United States was primarily driven by differing
B. claims to land
Second Treaty of Fort Laramie, agreed between the United States government and various bands of the Sioux nation, 1868

Which of the following contributed to reducing the conflict that article 11 and similar provisions of other treaties were designed to address?
D. The destruction of nearly the entire population of buffalo
Second Treaty of Fort Laramie, agreed between the United States government and various bands of the Sioux nation, 1868

Which of the following was typical of agreements such as the Fort Laramie Treaty between the United States government and American Indians in the post-Civil War West?
C. They usually lasted a short time before being broken by settlers' incursions onto American Indian reservations.
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