ASSESSMENT OF MOTOR CONTROL- FUNCTIONAL MOTION .... OT in PHYS HEALTH

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What is motor control?
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Terms in this set (30)
What is motor control?
the ability to regulate or direct the mechanisms essential to movement
Postural adjustments to trunk and limb are: (3 characteristics)
Continuous
Unconscious
Results from synchronicity between CNS and Muscular system (include Tone, Positioning, ADL)
Dynamical Systems Theory
Emphasizes the role of information in the environment and mechanical properties of the body and limbs in movement control/coordination
Evaluation Includes: (2 Main Items)
1) Physical Appearances
2) Postural Mechanisms (4 items)
a- Postural Tone
b- Muscle Tone
c- Reflexes
d- Coordination
Postural Mechanism
Automatic, in tone of MM of the head, neck, trunk, and limbs to allow balance involuntary movements that together provide stability and mobility during activity.
Like, symmetry, maintenance of midline, weight bearing, and weight shifting.
Normal muscle tone
Slight tension at rest- in a state of readiness
Flaccidity
decreased muscle tone; synonym for hypotonicity
(2nd degree PNS Injury)
Spasicity
Increased muscle tone with increased resistance to passive stretch. (Clonus) (2nd degree CNS Injury)
Rigidity
Co-activation of Agonist and Antagonist muscle groups. Most often seen in pt's with Parkinson's disease
Reflexes
Abnormal reflexes interfere with automatic reactions and functions.
Automatic Reactionsprotective extension, righting, equilibriumEvaluating Motor Recovery in the UE:Observe posture and movement patterns Note degrees of symmetry/asymmetry Note degrees of stereotyped and isolated movements Observe the UE with the pt in various positionsEvaluation of functional UE Use: (5)Minimal stabilizing Assist- Affected limb is placed in order to stabilize task material for unaffected limb. Minimal Active-Assist-Use of affected limb in a single step of a task. Maximal Active-Assist-Use of affected limb to push, pull, grasp, and release during tasks. Incorporation into all bilateral tasks despite likely continuous of impairments in speed and coordination. The patient is able to use affected UE to assist in most tasks.Definition of CoordinationCoordination is smooth, controlled, accurate movement that results from the synchronous interplay of MM, the CNS, and the sensory-perceptual system.Cerebellar Conditions- 1) AtaxiaDecrease gross motor coordination, postural stability, gait, decreased targeting, ability to generate appropriate force.Cerebellar Conditions- 2) Dysmetria-past-pointingDecrease accuracy in targetingBrainstem Conditions (3 Types)Tremor, Nystagmus, DysarthriaTremorTrembling, shaking movementThree types of TremorsIntention, Resting, Pill RollingIntention tremorsIncrease tremor with movement, esp. at end phaseResting tremorsDecreased tremor with movementPill-rolling tremorMost common in Parkinson's. Flexing and extending the fingers while moving the thumb back and forth, as if rolling something in the fingersBrainstem Condition's contn'd- NystagmusInvoluntary eye movementsBrainstem Conditions contn'd- DysarthriaDecreased coordination of speech- slurred, strained, and/or quivering quality.Five types of Cerebrum ConditionsChoreiform movements, Athetoid movements, Ballistic movements, Dystonia, Spasms.Choreiform movementsIrregular, non-functional movements that are quick and jerky. "Tics" that are PRESENT during sleep.Athetoid movementsWrithing, slow movements that are predictable to the individual. ABSENT during sleep.Ballistic movementsABRUPT, unilateralDystoniaDysfunction in muscle tone or tension, typically distributed throughout the body.SpasmsMay have local or CNS etiologies. SUDDEN INVOLUNTARY muscle contractions.