GOVT 2305, Federal Government Final Exam

Interest groups are concerned with the __policies ______ of government, while political parties are concerned with the _personel____ of government.
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Interest groups are concerned with the __policies ______ of government, while political parties are concerned with the _personel____ of government.
Policies, Personnel
Borrowing funds, establishing the Federal Court system, declaring war, and regulating copyrights and patents are all examples of which specific power of Congress? When is this power generally applied?
Enumerated powers usually in commerce and levy taxes
How long are the terms that House members and Senate members serve?
House serve 2 years
Senate serve 6 years
Which specific power under Article I Section 8 of the Constitution gives Congress power to make laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out its enumerated powers. How or when might this power be applied?
Article I, Section 8, Clause 18: [The Congress shall have Power . . . ] To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
What do you call an individual that enjoys the benefits of a group's collective efforts but does not contribute to those efforts?
Free rider
How many members serve in the house? How many in the Senate?
100 in the senate 435 in the house
A conference committee is a temporary, ad hoc panel composed of House and Senate conferees formed for the purpose of reconciling differences in legislation that has passed both chambers. Conference committees are usually convened to resolve bicameral differences on major or controversial legislation.
A conference committee is a temporary, ad hoc panel composed of House and Senate conferees formed for the purpose of reconciling differences in legislation that has passed both chambers. Conference committees are usually convened to resolve bicameral differences on major or controversial legislation.
The redrawing of legislative district boundary lines for the purpose of obtaining partisan advantage is commonly known as what? How often are these lines redrawn?
Gerrymandering, Ten years
What is the only thing that can stop a filibuster?
Cloture
Which amendment limits the President to two terms?
22nd Amendment
What specific types of cases are always heard in federal court?More specifically, federal courts hear criminal, civil, and bankruptcy cases. And once a case is decided, it can often be appealedDescribe the outcome of Baker v. Carr (1962).The Supreme Court decided for Baker. They ruled that federal courts have the authority to enforce the 14th amendment if the state legislative districts are disproportionately populated.How did the Montgomery bus begin? Why? Who spearheaded the movement?Rosa Parks was arrested on December 1, 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional.What are informal advisers to the president known as?The Cabinet is the informal designation for the heads of the federal government departments. Individuals that comprise the White House staff or "Kitchen Cabinet" are generally the closest advisers to the presidentTo become President, what qualifications must an individual meet?Natural born citizen of the United States A resident for 14 years 35 years of age or olderWhat occurs when electoral districts are drawn so that one group or party is unfairly advantaged?Gerrymandering in order for a political party to win that county or partHow does the impeachment process function?House > Senate= OutcomeHow many chief justices and associate justices serve on the Supreme Court?1 Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices= 9 JusticesThese courts are often referred to as U.S. circuit courts of appeals and consist of how many? What types of jurisdictions do they have? How do they function? What purpose do they serve?There are 13 courts of appeals, and they serve for when you appeal of decision for evidence in a district court, they have original, and appellate jurisdictionWhat would one call a meeting of a political group's members who gather to determine strategy and select candidates?Party CaucusWhat is a court opinion reflecting the views of the majority of the judges called?A majority opinionWhat is the primary goal of an American political party?To win control of the governmentThe office of the presidency was established by which Article of the Constitution?Article 2 vests the power of the executive branch in the office of the president of the United StatesWhat is a pocket veto? How does it function?An indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.How do referendums and initiatives function in voting?We take initiative to vote on it A referendum is when they send us the referralWhat is a party convention? What purpose does it serve?The formal purpose of such a convention is to select the party's nominee for popular election as President, as well as to adopt a statement of party principles and goals known as the party platform and adopt the rules for the party's activities, including the presidential nominating process for the next election cycle.Describe how caucuses and primaries function.In caucuses, party members meet, discuss, and vote for who they think would be the best party candidate. In primaries, party members vote in a state election for the candidate they want to represent them in the general electionHow did the Articles of Confederation function? What were their strengths and weaknesses?The federal government couldn't coin money or form an army. 9/13 needed to amend the article and shay's rebellion also proved the Articles were weak.What does the term Civil Rights mean?The rights of citizens to political, social freedom, and equality.How would you best summarize the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?In Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously that racial segregation in public schools violated the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The 1954 decision declared that separate educational facilities for white and African American students were inherently unequal.The first caucus is held in which state? Which state is the first primary carried out?Iowa usually and first primary in new hampshireWhat is cruel and unusual punishment prohibited by?The 8th ammendment prohibits cruel and unusual punioshment as well as excessive bailConcerning foreign policy, what are the different U.S. intelligence agencies and what are their functions? How do they operate?A state's foreign policy or external policy is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through multilateral platforms. The National Security Agency (NSA) The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)What are Perestroika and Glasnost? What effects did they have on U.S. foreign policy? What is the Reagan Doctrine? Why is it important?In summary, glasnost and perestroika are often referred to as the cause of the break-up of the Soviet Union, the revolutions of 1989 in Eastern Europe resulting at the end of the Soviet Bloc of nations and the end of the cold war. The Reagan Doctrine was the concept that believed in stopping Communism before it could attack and enslave a country. It was applied in Grenada when Reagan sent American troops to stop a full out Communist invasion.Make sure to understand the following concepts: Containment Policy, The Truman Doctrine, The Marshall Plan, NATO, and Isolationism. What are the purpose and function of these concepts?The Truman Doctrine-anywhere that communism threatens the globe you go fight it. The Marshall Plan was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to western Europe. The United States transferred over $13 billion in economic recovery programs to western European economies after the end of world war 2. Nato exists to defend its member countries and their one billion citizens. It does this by bringing together the governments and the armed forces of the 30 alliesFull Fatih constitutionProvision from Article, Section 1 of the Constitution requiring that the states normally honor the public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another caseLocal vs Federal GovernmentLocal Government- involves enforcing the laws for the county and city Federal Government- Involves enforcing the laws for the whole countryWhat is a unitary form of governmentA centralized government system in which levels of government have little power independent of the national governmentMcCulloch v. MarylandWhich involved the question of whether Congress had the power to charter a national bank— an explicit grant of power nowhere to be found in Article 1, Section 8Marbury v MadisonThis case arose after Thomas Jefferson replaced John Adams in the white house.Strict ScrutinyA test used by the Supreme Court in racial discrimination cases and other cases involving civil liberties and civil rights that places the burden of proof on the government rather than on the challengers to show that the law in question is constitutionalFirst 2 political partiesFederalists and Jeffersonian RepublicansWhat is closed primary what is an open primaryClosed primary- A primary election in which voters can participate in the nomination of candidates but only for the party in which they are enrolled for a period of time prior to primary day. Open primary- A primary election is in which the voter can wait until the day of the primary to choose which party to enroll in to select candidates for the general election.Baker v. CarrThe supreme court ruled that federal courts can intervene on the issue of drawing legislative districts.What is whipA party member in the House or Senate is responsible for coordinating the party's legislative strategy, building support for key issues, and counting votes.Executive privilegeThe claim that confidential communications between a president and close advisers should not be revealed without the consent of the presidentsocial desirability effectThe effect that results when respondents in a survey report what they expect the interviewer wishes to hear rather than what they believe.Public opinion and socialScientific instruments for measuring public opinion