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SPORTS PSYCH: Anger + Anxiety Quiz

Terms in this set (60)

emotions can range from
basic to complex
emotions are a response to the whole organism involving...
physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, conscious experience
arousal
physiological and psychological activity, intensity dimensions
anxiety
chronic nervousness, fear, worry, or stress
result of feeling out of control or striving for too much control - especially in things that cannot be controlled
"time travel"
stress
the result of the cognitive perception that one doesn't have the necessary resources to cope with the consequences of a situation
stress is
caused by an existing stress-causing factor or "stressor"
anxiety is
stress that continues after the stressor is gone
arousal continuum
arousal can be both positive and negative, depending on the situation, amount, and personalities of those involved
somatic nervous system
enables voluntary control of our skeletal muscles
higher brain areas -- learning a new movement or offensive play
autonomic nervous system
the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
mostly involuntary actions
lower brain regions of more automated movement and decisions
sympathetic nervous system
fight or flight
parasympathetic nervous system
rest and digest
arousal modulation
gross motor movements vs fine motor movements
cognitive anxiety
mental states of worry or apprehension side of anxiety (panic, irrational thoughts, fear of failure)
somatic anxiety
the body is physically responsive to anxiety (physiological)
state anxiety
ever changing mood component depending on the specific situation
trait anxiety
an acquired/genetic behavioral disposition that makes a person more vulnerable to anxious situations (perfectionists)
cognitive symptoms of anxiety
worry, thoughts about inability to cope
stress response systems
fight - flight - freeze
General Adaptation Syndrome
body's adaptive response to stress in three phases -- alarm, resistance, exhaustion
GAS Phase 1
alarm reaction - heart rate spikes, blood flow to major muscle groups and organs, breathing accelerates, body heats up
GAS Phase 2
resistance - hormones like cortisol and adrenaline are released and prepare you to meet the challenge
GAS Phase 3
exhaustion - with no relief from stress, your body's reserves begin to run out (sickness, inflammation, burnout, depression)
The brain makes up ____% of body weight
2%
The brain uses ____ of body's energy and oxygen
20-25%
State anxiety
situational - importance of event, uncertainty of outcome
trait anxiety
personal - self esteem, social physique anxiety
state-trait model
anxiety is a personal characteristic or trait
some people are going to perceive some situations as more threatening than others
the same information is cognitively processed in different ways for different people depending on the situation
attention bias model
stimuli is screened in search for negative information, thereby the athlete is more conscious of the negative aspects of a performance
trait anxiety + state anxiety = overall anxiety
state-trait model
stages of stress: stage 1
environmental demand - some type of physical or psychological demand
stages of stress: stage 2
perception of demand - amount of threat perceived (fight or flight)
one person may feel threatened while another could enjoy it
stages of stress: stage 3
stress response - physical or psychological response (worry, fear, heart rate, blood pressure)
stages of stress: stage 4
behavioral consequences - actual behavior under stress (miss shot, make poor decision, freeze)
some people thrive under pressure
regression from trauma
arrested development, childish tendencies
resilience
continued normal functioning
post traumatic growth
thriving, positive adaptations
without facing adversity, there is little chance for the development of...
coping skills
muscle tension and coordination difficulties
natural movement is impaired and muscular coordination suffers
attention and concentration
increased arousal causes a narrowing of a performer's attention field
if anxiety is too low, the attention field is...
too broad and takes in too much info
if anxiety is too high, the attentional field is...
too narrow and you miss important info
anxious athletes struggles to...
cope with failures and regain confidence
attentional narrowing
when people with high trait anxiety levels are put into stressful situations (high state anxiety), peripheral information is missed and the ability to focus decreases
attentional narrowing is why athletic tasks must be
highly automated through purposeful practice
automation of skills limits...
the ability of stress to affect their execution
as a person continuously practices continuously practices certain motor skills or cognitive tasks
these movements or cognitive processes are pushed from the forebrain towards the hindbrain, which is where more instinctive, unconscious actions occur
purposeful practice is the...
most helpful in this process
by automating an action or thought...
more attention can be shifted to other, more nuanced details of performance
the myelin sheath grows thicker around the specific neurons involved in these heavily used pathways to increase the rate of transmission or firing speed...
which speeds up movement and reaction time and allows more conscious attention to be focused on the other pieces of information
goal-setting and attribution
focus on helping the athlete move towards intrinsic goals
cognitive restructuring
identify fears and substitute them with evidence based reasoning
desensitization
gradually immerse and integrate patient into fears until arousal is under control
cognitive reappraisal
interpreting negative outcomes in a more positive light by focusing on another aspect of the same situation - silver-lining
completion hypothesis
negative mood states make athletes more likely to show aggression
hostility bias
the way a person thinks about others' intentions cause them to perceive neutral stimuli as provocative or threatening - usually have serious trust or communication issues
catharsis view
emotions become overwhelming and you just have to "let it out"
sports catharsis is
mostly a myth
angry athletes are
unpredictable and inconsistent
misconceptions
athletes are healthier and superior, anger is necessary for success
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