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BB 492 Midterm 2 Protein names
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Terms in this set (58)
TBP (TATA binding protein)
Binds to TATA in minor groove; bends DNA; part of TFIID
TFIID
Binds TATA box and recruits general transcription factors
TFIIB
Binds to TFIID; allows RNAP II to dock
TFIIA
Stabilizes binding of TFIID and TFIIB
TFIIF
Brings RNAPII; allows TFIIE and TFIIH to bind to RNAPII
TFIIE
Recruits TFIIH
TFIIH
Contains a DNA helicase to unwind DNA and activates RNA polymerase by phosphorylation of CTD
Eukaryotic transcription factors released after phosphorylation
TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIH
Mediator complex
Binds to PIC and brings enhancer near core promoters by bending DNA; includes head (CDKs), middle, and tail (closest to enhancer)
Upstream binding factors (UBFs)
Binds pre-rRNA to recruit RNAPI
TBP-associated factors (TAFs)
Bind to TBP and UBF
SL-1 Complex
TBP, UBFs, and TAFs that bind RNAPI; resembles sigma factor
TFIIIA
Binds 5S gene
TFIIIC
Binds to A and B box downstream from start site of tRNA transcription
TFIIIB
Binds TFIIIC upstream of A box; recruits RNAPIII
Sigma 2
Binds to Pribnow box (-10 element on nt-strand)
Sigma 1
Binds to discriminator (GGG downstream of Pribnow)
Sigma 3
Binds to extended -10 element
Sigma 4
Binds to -35 element
Sigma finger
Linker region between sigma 3 and 4; causes abortive initiation
Sigma factor
Protein made up of sigma 1-4 domains; binds to RNAP core to make RNAP Holo to make closed complex
Rho
Helicase that binds to RNA strand at recognition site and causes termination (prokaryotes)
Alpha-amanitin
RNAPII inhibitor
Actinomycin D
Binds to dsDNA and halts mRNA chain elongation (and DNA replication)
Rifamycin B
Prokaryotic RNAP inhibitor
RNAP alpha
Chain initiation and regulatory proteins
RNAP beta
Initiation, elongation, and DNA binding; coordinates with Mg to form RNAP catalytic site
Tn5 transposase
"Cut and paste" transposase; binds to inverted repeats and dimerizes
Reverse transcriptase
Forms DNA using RNA as a template; used by retroviruses and retrotransposons
Ac element
Autonomous transposable element; can move itself and Ds (with IR sequence)
Ds element
Nonautonomous transposable element; needs Ac
Closed complex
Inactive prokaryotic RNAP holo bound to a promoter sequence
Open complex
Transcription bubble; formed by flipped A (-11) and region of DNA melting upstream
RecBCD
Prepares dsDNA for repair; creates 3' overhang and initiates recombination
RecB
3' to 5' ATP-dependent helicase and nuclease
RecD
5' to 3' ATP-dependent helicase
RecC
Binds chi on 3' strand
RecA
Forms filament to displace SSB, scans dsDNA to pair with homologous 3' ssDNA overhang
RuvA
Recognizes the Holliday structure and binds all 4 strands with basic channels
RuvB
Helicase that promotes Holliday junction/branch migration
RuvC
Resolvase, resolves Holliday intermediate by cleaving
Rad51
The eukaryotic homolog of RecA
Rad54
Eukaryotic homolog of RuvA and RuvB
Resolvase A
Eukaryotic homolog of RuvC
AARS (aminoacyl tRNA synthetase)
Joins each amino acid to the appropriate tRNA (at 3' OH) using ATP and Mg; class 1 interacts with anticodon and class 2 doesn't; have proofreading site
IF1
Blocks A site of 30S (prokaryotes)
IF3
Binds E site of 30S (prokaryotes)
IF2-GTP
Binds to IF1 to change 30S conformation; allows fMet-tRNAf to bind to P site
elF1A
Binds A site of 40S
eLF1
Binds E site of 40S
eLF3
Binds 40S
eLF2-GTP
Binds P site of 40S
elF4F
Brings mRNA to preinitiation complex to form form 48S; links 5' cap and PABP
48S complex
Scans mRNA for AUG, then releases eLFs
EF-Tu-GTP
Brings in next amino acid to A site; hydrolyzes GTP to GDP (prokaryotes)
Ef-Ts
Displaces GDP from EF-Tu (prokaryotes)
EF-G-GTP
Translocase; shifts peptidyl-tRNA and empty tRNA into P and E site (prokaryotes)
phosphohydrolase
Remove gamma phosphate from 5' RNA
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