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Quiz #4 Questions

Terms in this set (13)

In glycolysis, match each of the following enzymes to its product in the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule. For enzymes that are reversible, only consider the forward reaction in glycolysis, not the reverse reaction.

Phosphoglucose isomerase
Aldolase
Phosphoglycerate mutase
Enolase

Options:
1. Two 2-phosphoglycerates
2. Two pyruvates
3. Two Phosphoenolpyruvates
4. Two 1,3 bisphosphoglycerates
5. Fructose-6-phosphate
6. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Phosphoglucose isomerase: 5. Fructose-6-phosphate
Aldolase: 6. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Phosphoglycerate mutase: 1. Two 2-phosphoglycerates
Enolase: 3. Two Phosphoenolpyruvates
ADP acts as a repressor that slows the rate of phsophofructokinase's forward reaction. True or false?
False: ADP activates phosphofructokinase
The cofactor _________ in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate that releases a carbon dioxide molecule.
TPP or thiamine pyrophosphate
Regulation of metabolic reactions usually occurs irreversible at steps with very negative ΔG values. True or false?
True
Match the 3 enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex with a function they carry out.

E1
E2
E3

Options:
Decarboxylates pyruvate, releasing CO2
Generates ATP from ADP and phosphate
Converts pyruvate to ethanol
Reduces NAD+ to NADH
Transfers an acetyl group to CoA
E1: Decarboxylates pyruvate, releasing CO2
E2: Transfers an acetyl group to CoA
E3: Reduces NAD+ to NADH
In glycolysis alone (not considering any downstream pathways,) the breakdown of one glucose results in the net production of ________(a number) ATP molecule(s).
2
Which of the following enzymes reduces NAD+ to NADH? (1 answer, 1 point)
a. Phosphoglycerate mutase
b. Triose phosphate isomerase
c. Hexokinase
d. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
e. Phosphofructokinase
a. Phosphoglycerate mutase
b. Triose phosphate isomerase
c. Hexokinase
d. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
e. Phosphofructokinase
The molecule shown below must first undergo which type of reaction to proceed in the glycolysis pathway?

a. Isomerization
b. Oxidative carboxylation
c. Decarboxylation
d. Phosphorylation
e. Dephosphorylation
a. Isomerization
b. Oxidative carboxylation
c. Decarboxylation
d. Phosphorylation
e. Dephosphorylation
Which of the following is/are true of all 3 enzymes: hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase?
a. They generate ATP from ADP and phosphate
b. They catalyze irreversible steps of glycolysis
c. They generate NADH
d. They are isomerases
e. All of these answers are true of all 3 enzymes
a. They generate ATP from ADP and phosphate
b. They catalyze irreversible steps of glycolysis
c. They generate NADH
d. They are isomerases
e. All of these answers are true of all 3 enzymes
In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is mainly converted into _________ in humans and _________ in yeast. This allows for the regeneration of ________ so glycolysis can continue.
Please fill in all three blanks.

Options for blanks 1 & 2:
a. Lactate
b. ethanol and CO2
c. acetate
d. citrate

Options for blank 3: Blank 3: NAD+
a. ADP
b. Glucose
c. Ubiquinone
d. NAD+
________ A. Lactate; Blank ______ B. Ethanol & CO2
_________ NAD+
Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of a cell. True or false?
True
Which type of bond connects the acetyl group to CoA?

a. Phosphodiester
b. O-glycosidic
c. Disulfide
d. Thioester
e. N-glycosidic
a. Phosphodiester
b. O-glycosidic
c. Disulfide
d. Thioester
e. N-glycosidic
Blood levels of the molecule shown below are extremely low in a patient. Name the enzyme that is likely deficient or not functioning correctly in this patient.

a. Hexokinase
b. Phosphofructokinase
c. Pyruvate kinase
d. Phosphoglycerate kinase
e. Enolase
a. Hexokinase
b. Phosphofructokinase
c. Pyruvate kinase
d. Phosphoglycerate kinase
e. Enolase
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