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pharm final
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Pharm Final
Terms in this set (42)
If a health care practitioner (nurse) is unfamiliar with a drug, he or she should .
a. administer it regardless, because the physician ordered it
b. consult a standard reference or a pharmacist or similar professional before administering it
c. call the ordering physician and ask why that particular drug was chosen
d. substitute a more familiar drug and document the reason in the chart
b. consult a standard reference or a pharmacist or similar professional before administering it
Drugs that relieve pain without loss of consciousness are known as
a) anti-inflammatories
b) analgesics
c) anesthetics
d) hypnotics
b) analgesics
Your father recently had a heart attack, and has been told by his doctor to take a low dose of aspirin everyday to prevent the formation of blood clots that might cause him to have another. The aspirin is being used as a(n)
a) analgesic
b) thrombolytic agent
c) antipyretic
d) anti-inflammatory
b) thrombolytic agent
Drug standards require that all preparations called by the same drug name must be of uniform
a)effectiveness and reliability
b) cost, availability, and distribution method
c) dosage and route of administration
d) strength, quality, and purity
d) strength, quality, and purity
Which legislation requires that drug preparations containing dangerous ingredients have a labeled container indicating the ingredient?
a) Pure Food and Drug Act
b) Controlled Substances Act
c) Drug Adulteration Prevention Act
d) Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
a) Pure Food and Drug Act
What was the first law in the United States to require all drugs marketed in the United States to meet minimal standards of strength, purity, and quality?
a) Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
b) Pure Food and Drug Act
c) Controlled Substances Act
d) Drug Adulteration Prevention Act
b) Pure Food and Drug Act
Your instructor asks you to identify the prototype drugs for each drug classification. Therefore, you indicate the
..
a) "latest and greatest" drug of each classification
b) first drug discovered in each classification
c) drug that has the best efficacy in each classification
d) drug that typifies the characteristics of each classification
d) drug that typifies the characteristics of each classification
Health care practitioners typically prefer drugs to be classified by their
a) market cost
b) chemical structure
c) therapeutic use
d) risk of side effects
c) therapeutic use
Caroline asks you to explain the difference between generic and trade name drugs. What should you tell her?
a) The first letter of a generic name is never capitalized, whereas the trade name is always capitalized
b) The trade name is assigned by the USAN Council
c) The generic name is assigned by the FDA
d) The generic name is "owned" by the manufacturer
a) The first letter of a generic name is never capitalized, whereas the trade name is always capitalized
A nasty fall results in a gash in your forehead and chin, a broken nose and several knocked out front teeth. Your friend picks you up from the emergency room and takes you to a pharmacy to fill your pain medication prescription. He notices that your prescription is for Tylenol 4 and wonders how that differs from Tylenol 2, which was prescribed for him after he had a tooth pulled. Although the excruciating pain has you in a daze, you correctly explain that
a) Tylenol 4 has twice as much acetaminophen as Tylenol 2
b) Tylenol 4 has more codeine than Tylenol 2
c) Tylenol 2 is a second version of Tylenol and Tylenol 4 is the fourth
d) Tylenol 2 has less acetaminophen in it
b) tylenol 4 has more codeine than tylenol 2
Your grandmother has just begun to take a bisphosphonate to treat her osteoporosis. She asks you whether it is safe to take her new medication along with the various herbs and other supplements she has taken for many years. Under what heading would you find this information?
a) interactions
b) issues
c) adverse effects
d) actions
a) interactions
Orianna's insulin was made using the DNA of 2 different organisms. What is this technique called?
a) gene therapy
b) cloning
c) recombinant DNA
d) pharmacogenetics
c) recombinant DNA
Your cousin is started on medication after being diagnosed with epilepsy. Because he experiences seizures quite often, he starts with a very large dose of the anticonvulsant to elevate the levels of the drug in his blood as quickly as possible. This initial, large dose is known as a(n)
a) overdose
b) loading dose
c) shock dose
d) therapeutic dose
b) loading dose
The cellular changes produced by drugs are known as
a) interactions
b) actions
c) effects
d) impacts
b) actions
After experiencing several dangerous blood clots, Blair is prescribed an anticoagulant. She initially takes high doses to get her blood levels of the anticoagulant up as quickly as possible, and then is placed on a lower dose for the foreseeable future. This latter, lower dose is referred to as a
a) routine dose
b) standard dose
c) maintenance dose
d) loading dose
c) maintenance dose
Your friend has recently had a baby and visits her doctor because of a terrible sinus infection. The doctor wants to know whether she is breastfeeding her baby. What drug process is of concern?
a) absorption
b) distribution
c) metabolism
d) excretion
b) distribution
Why are persons with liver failure particularly prone to experiencing the toxic effects of medications?
a) they do not excrete the medication efficiently
b) they distribute the medication differently
c) they are unable to properly metabolize the medication
d) they absorb the medication too rapidly
c) they are unable to properly metabolize the medication
Your uncle takes nitroglycerin, a vasodilator, for angina, a type of chest pain. When he feels pain from angina, he places a nitroglycerin tablet under his tongue and lets it dissolve. This route of administration is known as
a) subcutaneous
b) sublingual
c) buccal
d) transdermal
b) sublingual
What route of administration is the easiest, but is often slower than other routes?
a) subcutaneous
b) oral
c) IM
d) IV
b) oral
The instructions on the antibiotic medication for your pet cat tells you to "shake well before administering". This indicates that the medication is a(n)
a) syrup
b) suspension
c) elixir
d) solution
b) suspension
In preparation for abdominal surgery, Alex is given rectally administered suspension of medication. This is known as a(n)
a) subcolonic
b) enema
c) suppository
d) douche
b) enema
Hank is getting an insulin pump. Where will it be placed?
a) just below the skin near blood vessels for easy absorption
b) by his pancreas with a direct route into the islet cells
c) next to a large artery with insulin directed into the artery
d) in a large muscle mass or large fat pad for safety
a) just below the skin near blood vessels for easy absorption
You have been prescribed medication that you must take by subcutaneous injection. You are strongly cautioned to avoid the possibility of intramuscular administration. Under what circumstances is subcutaneous administration preferred to intramuscular administration?
a) subcutaneous may be preferred when very rapid absorption of the drug is needed to raise blood levels of the medication
b) subcutaneous may be preferred because many patients are less fearful of subcutaneous than intramuscular administration
c) subcutaneous may be preferred when a highly vascular area is needed to facilitate absorption and distribution
d) subcutaneous may be preferred when the drug should not be absorbed as rapidly as it would be through intramuscular administration
d) subcutaneous may be preferred when the drug should not be absorbed as rapidly as it would be through intramuscular administration
A drug is diluted in a moderate volume of fluid for intermittent infusion at specified intervals through a port on the main IV tubing. What type of administration is taking place?
a) piggyback
b) adjunct
c) push
d) portal
a) piggyback
A large volume of fluids that is administered continually into a vein, often with drugs added, is called an IV
a) piggyback
b) push
c) drip
d) injection
c) drip
Your dog is diabetic and you must give her insulin injections twice a day. She is something of a spoiled princess and you want to use needles that have the smallest diameter opening as possible. The size of the opening is specified by the needle's ____.
a) length
b) gauge
c) capacity
d) rating
b) gauge
The abbreviation mcg means ____.
a) macrogram
b) microgram
c) minigram
d) milligram
b) microgram
Martin administers an injection into the fatty layer of tissue below the skin by positioning the needle and syringe at a 45-degree angle from the skin. What type of injection is this?
a) subcutaneous
b) intramuscular
c) transdermal
d) intradermal
a) subcutaneous
Dr. Berry orders blood tests to be done "stat." What does stat mean?
a) immediately
b) when feasible
c) as needed
d) as requested by the patient
a) immediately
Dosage calculations require meticulous care and
a) a working knowledge of derivatives
b) an understanding of statistics
c) the ability to do mathematical proofs
d) a working knowledge of basic arithmetic
d) a working knowledge of basic arithmetic
The order calls for one ounce of rehydration fluid per hour. On hand is a solution that contains 200 grams per liter. Your first step should be to
a) determine whether the ordered amount is reasonable
b) round to one decimal point
c) convert to the same measurement system
d) decide which computation method is most efficient
c) convert to the same measurement system
When calculating dosages, you should remember that
a) there is no acceptable margin of error in medication administration
b) the physician must verify the final calculation independently
c) the math involved is complex and requires a high level of aptitude
d) close enough is good enough if there is no alternative
a) there is no acceptable margin of error in medication administration
You have completed calculations and determine that the dosage of the medication should be three tablets per hour. What should your next step be?
a) look at the doses that other patients have been given
b) ask the doctor whether the dosage is acceptable
c) ask yourself whether this dose seems reasonable
d) dispense the medication
c) ask yourself whether this dose seems reasonable
In the basic method formula, Q refers to the
a) conversion factor
b) ratio of the desired to the available dose
c) quantity of the on hand dose
d) quantity of the desired dose
c) quantity of the on hand dose
In the basic method formula, D refers to the
a) available dose
b) dose on hand
c) predicted dose
d) desired dose
d) desired dose
When calculating doses, what should you do with fractions?
a) use whatever method the physician orders
b) round to one decimal place
c) the method depends on the specific circumstances
d) round to two decimal places
b) round to one decimal place
The order reads Ampicillin 0.5 g. The unit dose packet reads 250 mg/cap. If you use the basic calculation method, what is D?
a) 0.5 g
b) 0.25 g
c) 250 mg
d) 500 mg
d) 500 mg
An order calls for 800 mg of ibuprofen and you have tablets that contain 200 mg of ibuprofen. If you use the basic method, what is Q?
a) total number of capsules
b) 200 mg
c) one tablet
d) 800 mg
c) one tablet
When using the basic method, you should use the same label for the
a) quantity of on hand dose, the on hand dose, and the desired dose
b) desired and on hand doses
c) desired dose and the quantity of on hand dose
d) on hand dose and the quantity of on hand dose
b) desired and on hand doses
Evaluation of the appropriateness of dosages for elderly persons should
a) reflect reimbursement requirements
b) be based on the clinician's experience
c) be done on an individual basis
d) rely on the information in the drug insert
c) be done on an individual basis
The phrase "never leave a decimal point naked" refers to
a) putting a zero in front of a decimal point and writing 0.3 rather than .3
b) using decimals rather than whole numbers and writing 0.3 rather than 300
c) rounding to one decimal place instead of two decimal places
d) putting a decimal point and a zero after a whole number and writing 5.0 rather than 5
a) putting a zero in front of a decimal point and writing 0.3 rather than .3
Responsibility for safe administration of medications requires that the health care practitioner (nurse) _____ .
a. have a physician check all medications prior to administration
b. sign off on all of the required releases
c. work with a partner to reduce errors
d. be familiar with every medication before administering it
d. be familiar with every medication before administering it
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