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What did the government of Germany do to help pay their war debts and grow their economy in the 1920s?
a) They stopped printing paper money and dealt only in gold.
b) They expanded credit and decreased the money supply, which stimulated economic growth.
c) They printed more money causing hyperinflation.
d) They printed more money, helping their own economy while destroying that of France and Austria.
a) They stopped printing paper money and dealt only in gold.
b) They expanded credit and decreased the money supply, which stimulated economic growth.
c) They printed more money causing hyperinflation.
d) They printed more money, helping their own economy while destroying that of France and Austria.
Which of these agreements gave outdated American destroyers to Great Britain in exchange for permission to build American naval bases on islands and colonies owned by Great Britain?
a) The American Base Lease Program
b) "Destroyers for Bases"
c) Allied Armament Agreement of 1940
d) Lend Lease Program
a) The American Base Lease Program
b) "Destroyers for Bases"
c) Allied Armament Agreement of 1940
d) Lend Lease Program
What two (2) new countries were created when the Austro-Hungarian empire was broken up by the Treaty of Versailles? [choose 2]
a) Yugoslavia
b) Czechoslovakia
c) Romania
d) Polanda bOne of the most important provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, more important than the division of territory, was the "_______ _________" clause, inserted at the insistence of Lloyd George and Clemenceau.war guiltThe seeds of the Second World War were sewn in the immediate aftermath of the ________________.firstUnder the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, which nation gained control of the Rhineland and the coal mines of the Saar Basin?
a) the United States
b) Great Britain
c) Italy
d) FrancedWhat was the first European nation to implement fascism?
a) Germany
b) Spain
c) Italy
d) FrancecWho was the fascist leader whose revolution took control of Italy?
a) Victor Emmanuel
b) Josef Stalin
c) Benito Mussolini
d) Adolf HitlercWhat was the name of the failed attempt by Hitler and members of the Nazi party to take over the German government in 1923?
a) The "Reichstag Putsch"
b) The "Night of the Long Knives"
c) "Kristallnacht"
d) The "Beer Hall Putsch"dAfter the Reichstag fire, the representatives passed the Enabling Act, which ___________________________.
a) removed most of Hitler's power
b) allowed Hitler broad powers with only a few still reserved to the Reichstag
c) allowed Hitler to govern by decree as he saw fit
d) gave the Nazi Party broad powers to govern with the minority partiescWhich of the following is true about fascist governments in the 1930s? [choose all that apply]
a) They were friendly with Communists.
b) They claimed to be friendly to private property rights.
c) They welcomed a democratic government.
d) They claimed to be concerned with the welfare of the middle class.b dThe private army of revolutionaries and terrorists used by Mussolini was called the _____________________.
a) SS
b) Gestapo
c) "Black Shirts"
d) SA (storm troopers)cFascists wanted to use the idea of radical _________________ to unite all citizens in support of a unified, single-party state.nationalismThe Nazi Party's paramilitary force were called the ____________________________.
a) SS
b) "Black Shirts"
c) SA (storm troopers)
d) GestapocWhat event allowed Adolf Hitler to consolidate his power and eventually take control of the German government?
a) the "Night of the Long Knives"
b) the Reichstag Fire
c) "Kristallnacht"
d) the "Beer Hall Putsch"bAfter consolidating political power, Adolf Hitler addressed the challenge the SA presented by murdering their leaders on ______________________________.
a) the "Night of the Long Knives"
b) the night of the Reichstag Fire
c) "Kristallnacht"
d) the night of the "Beer Hall Putsch"aWithin 18 months Hitler transformed Germany from a parliamentary __________ to a fascist __________.democracy; dictatorshipMussolini's economic system was called "______________," a compromise between free market capitalism and socialism.corporatismIn prison, Adolf Hitler wrote Mein Kampf, which means ______ ___________, which laid out his political philosophy, including his plan to take power and his hatred for the Jews.My StruggleWhen the Reichstag was deeply divided, President Hindenburg made Adolf Hitler ___________, in hopes that he would be able to form a working government.
a) Chancellor
b) Prime Minister
c) President
d) Reichstag MinisteraAfter consolidating political power, Adolf Hitler addressed the challenge the SA presented on _________________.
a) The "Night of the Long Knives"
b) "Kristallnacht"
c) The night of the Reichstag Fire
d) The night of the "Beer Hall Putsch"aGerman preparations for war needed to be carried out in secret. Why?
a) They were in violation of several international treaties.
b) They told France they didn't have money to pay debts.
c) They were afraid that France would take the factories if they were made public.
d) The Germans are a secretive people.aThe Nazi "Secret State Police" used to uncover, intimidate and arrest political opponents were called the ______________.
a) Gestapo
b) SS
c) SA (storm troopers)
d) "Black Shirts"aThe November 9, 1938 program against the Jews that resulted in the tremendous destruction of Jewish assets was _________________.
a) The night of the "Beer Hall Putsch"
b) The night of the Reichstag Fire
c) Kristallnacht
d) The "Night of the Long Knives"cThe September 15, 1935 laws that stripped the Jews of their citizenship, making them subjects were the ________________________.
a) "Nuremberg Trials"
b) "Berlin Accords"
c) "Nuremberg Laws"
d) "Reichstag Accords"cHitler's "economic miracle" was that he eliminated _____________________ in three years.unemploymentThe personal bodyguard created by Hitler that became the primary force of intimidation of the German people were the _____________________.
a) SA (storm troopers)
b) Gestapo
c) "Black Shirts"
d) SSdWhat were two (2) of the key principles of Hitler's National Socialist (Nazi) ideology? [choose 2]
a) commitment to the superiority of the Aryan race
b) anti- Semitism
c) commitment to economic nationalism
d) commitment to militarizationa bHitler's definition of the "Aryan" race meant blond-haired, blue-eyed ______________, who were the master race.GermansThe anti-Jewish program of the Nazis began with ______________________________________.
a) a government-sponsored boycott of all Jewish professionals and all business owned by Jews
b) gathering all the Jews into ghettos
c) forbidding Jews from intermarrying with Aryans
d) stripping Jews of their German citizenshipaWhich of the following was NOT a way that the Nazi finance ministers paid for increased government spending?
a) borrowing money from other nations
b) increased trade agreements
c) increased taxes
d) printing moneybWhat political condition in China provided Japan with the opportunity to expand their control of territory in mainland China?
a) The collapse of the central government in China.
b) The rise of the Communists as the controlling party of the Chinese government.
c) The withdrawal of US and European support for the Chinese royal family.
d) The installation of a new Prime Minister in China who was friendly to the Japanese.aWhich Chinese region was the first area targeted for conquest by the Japanese?
a) Manchuria
b) Nanjing
c) Beijing
d) ShanghaiaWorld War II in Asia effectively began with the ______________.
a) Siege of Shanghai
b) Massacre of Nanjing
c) Marco Polo Bridge Incident
d) Mukden IncidentcWhat Chinese city saw its population become victim to some of the worst atrocities of World War II?
a) Manchuria
b) Beijing
c) Nanjing
d) ShanghaicThe Tanggu Truce __________________________________. [choose all that apply]
a) gave Shanghai back to China
b) allowed the Japanese to remain in control of all captured Chinese territory north of the Great Wall
c) established a demilitarized zone between the Japanese and Chinese controlled areas of mainland China
d) forced the Japanese back to the areas they were granted by the Peace of Parisb cWhat battle, launched by Chiang Kai-Shek to distract the Japanese, resulted in the decimation of the Chinese Nationalist forces?
a) Battle of Nanjing
b) Battle of Shanghai
c) Battle of Beijing
d) Battle of ShijiazhuangbThe concept of the Japanese government as an imperialistic power was eventually given the title of the _________________________________.
a) Anti-Comintern Pact
b) Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere
c) Southern Manchuria Railway
d) Empire of the Rising SunbWhat were the results of Japan's conquest of East Asia by 1939? (Choose all that apply)
a) Japan was stretched thin, forcing them to halt expansion.
b) It was a remarkable success.
c) Japan lost administrative control of the region.
d) Western nations intervened in the conflict.a bWhich incident led to the invasion of Manchuria by Japan?
a) "Shanghai Incident"
b) "Mukden Incident"
c) "Marco Polo Bridge Incident"
d) "Nanjing Incident"bWhat Presbyterian minister established the "International Safety Zone" in an attempt to save Chinese citizens during the "Rape of Nanjing?"
a) Jack Rogers
b) Seth Joshua
c) W. Plumer Mills
d) T. S. ElliotcWhat does the term lebensraum mean?
a) racial purity
b) live and let live
c) living room or room to expand
d) opposition to tyrantscWhen Hitler's forces occupied this nation in March 1938, it completed the Anschluss.
a) Czechoslovakia
b) Poland
c) Austria
d) SudetenlandcAggressive actions against this nation brought Great Britain and France to the realization that appeasement had been a mistake and prompted them to state their intention to declare war in its defense.
a) Czechoslovakia
b) Austria
c) Sudetenland
d) PolanddWhich of the following is NOT true of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact?
a) It divided the Baltic republics between Germany and the Soviet Union.
b) It divided Poland between Germany and the Soviet Union.
c) It was a completely public agreement.
d) It declared that if Germany or the Soviet Union went to war, the other would remain neutral.cGermans called the nine months between the declarations of war by Britain and France and the beginning of open fighting _______________.
a) the odd little war
b) the phony war
c) the sitzkrieg
d) the quasi warcThe line of fortifications and defenses France constructed along its border with Germany was called the __________________.
a) Maginot Line
b) Manstein Line
c) Ardennes Line
d) Brussels LineaThe Nazi plan for a seaborne invasion of Great Britain was codenamed ________________.
a) Operation Otter
b) Operation Seal
c) Operation Overlord
d) Operation SealiondIn March 1939, after the takeover of this nation, Germany gained a military advantage in the coming war.
a) Sudetenland
b) Austria
c) Czechoslovakia
d) PolandcWho was the British Prime Minister that pursued a policy of appeasement with Nazi Germany in the 1930s?
a) Winston Churchill
b) Neville Chamberlain
c) Edouard Daladier
d) Benito MussolinibWhat did Adolf Hitler use as an excuse to launch his invasion of Poland in 1939?
a) He wanted to protect the Poles against aggression from the Soviet Union.
b) He claimed that Poles of German heritage were being persecuted.
c) He staged attacks on German radio stations on the German border.
d) He claimed that Poland had traditionally been a part of Germany.cWhich of the following was the last Polish city to fall in 1939?
a) Brest
b) Krakow
c) Gdansk
d) WarsawdWhat three [3] nations did Germany invade to clear a path toward France? [choose 3]
a) the Netherlands
b) Belgium
c) Poland
d) Luxembourga b dWhich of the following is true about Poland in 1939? [choose all that apply]
a) The Polish government waited too long to prepare for attack by hostile nations.
b) The Polish government was confident that the British and French would move to help them before the Soviets or Germans attacked.
c) They did not possess a military that was prepared for aggression by hostile nations.
d) They were surrounded on all sides by hostile nations.a c dWho was the leader of Vichy France?
a) Minister June Paul Reynaud
b) Charles de Gaulle
c) Georges Clemenceau
d) Marshall Henri PétaindIn 1940, the new Prime Minister of Great Britain who replaced Neville Chamberlain and sternly rejected negotiation with Nazi Germany was ___________________________.
a) Sir Winston Churchill
b) Clement Attlee
c) June Paul Reynaud
d) Benjamin DisraeliaAfter being pushed back across Belgium to the English Channel, the British Expeditionary Force had to be evacuated at the port of ___________.DunkirkThe German group that became an extension of the Nazi Party in America was called the ___________________.
a) Fascist Party of America
b) German American Bund
c) American Socialist Party
d) Anti-Communist LeaguebIn his "fireside chat" that introduced his plan to help Great Britain combat the Nazis, President Roosevelt claimed that America must be a great ________________.
a) arsenal of democracy
b) world power
c) police force
d) peace keeping forceaIn addition to Pearl Harbor, the December 7, 1941 attack targeted what other military installation in Hawaii?
a) Love Field
b) the city of Honolulu
c) Midway Island
d) Hickam FielddOn December 7, 1941, how did most people learn of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
a) Television
b) Newspapers
c) Radio
d) Newsreel footagecWhich of the following were reasons why the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was so successful? [choose all that apply]
a) The radar officers dismissed the alert brought by the enlisted men.
b) Naval officers failed to raise the alarm when a Japanese mini-sub was found.
c) There were not enough planes to patrol daily, so there were no patrols scheduled for that day.
d) There were no torpedo nets in place to protect the ships in the harbor.a b c dOne way in which anti-Semitism manifested itself in America in the 1930s was through ___________________.
a) open letters to Israel
b) conscription of Jewish Americans
c) immigration policy
d) government publicationscIn FDR's December 8 speech to a joint session of Congress, he uttered one of the most famous lines in American history. " Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which will live in ______________..."infamyAfter Hitler's invasion of Poland, President Roosevelt was able to ________________________.[choose all that apply]
a) approve a policy of "cash and carry" for military purchases
b) get Congress to repeal the Neutrality Acts
c) declare war on Germany
d) authorize a standard of forces agreement with Great Britaina bThe policy that America adopted between 1937 and 1940 was primarily one of _____________________.isolationismWhich two American battleships were NOT salvageable after the Pearl Harbor attacks? [choose 2]
a) Oklahoma
b) Tennessee
c) Arizona
d) Nevadaa cUnited States aid to Nationalist China originally went over the "___________ _______," until it was eventually cut off and supplies had to be ferried in by air from India.Burma RoadUnder the command of Claire Chennault, the _________________________ were a group of American pilots operating in China during World War II.
a) Black Sheep Squadron
b) Tokyo Express
c) Doolittle's Raiders
d) Flying TigersdWhat was the purpose of the Doolittle Raid?
a) The purpose was to restore American military morale and lift the spirits of the American people.
b) The purpose was to do as much damage to Japanese forces as was done at Pearl Harbor.
c) The purpose was to intimidate the Japanese people.
d) The purpose was to influence Japanese leaders to try to negotiate peace.aWhat was the Japanese goal in capturing Port Moresby in New Guinea?
a) To isolate Australia
b) To gain control of its oil fields
c) To gain control of its naval base
d) To gain control of the rubber and tin resourcesaThe Japanese convoys that brought reinforcements to the island of Guadalcanal were called _________________.
a) "The Japanese Freight Train"
b) "The Saigon Surprise"
c) "The Tokyo Express"
d) "The Yippon Express"cWhat was the result of the Battle of Bloody Ridge?
a) The Japanese withdrew from Guadalcanal.
b) The Americans suffered a crushing defeat.
c) The Japanese suffered over 50% casualties.
d) The Americans withdrew from Guadalcanal.cDoolittle's Raid was launched from the aircraft carrier _____________________.
a) USS Indianapolis
b) USS Hornet
c) USS Lexington
d) USS EnterprisebThe Marine base on Guadalcanal that provided a launching point for the capture of the rest of the island was _________________________.
a) Port Moresby
b) Hickam Field
c) Henderson Field
d) Nimitz FieldcWhich of the following was NOT one of the conditions faced by American Marines on Guadalcanal?
a) firebombing
b) intense heat
c) bad food
d) tropical diseasesaWhat was significant about the Battle of Midway? [choose all that apply]
a) it was a stunning defeat for the American navy
b) It ended the string of offensive victories for the Japanese.
c) It severely damaged Japan's carrier fleet.
d) It was a morale boost for the Americans.b c dThis island in the Solomon chain was the focus of a six-month military campaign on land and sea beginning in August 1942.
a) Guadalcanal
b) Midway
c) Luzon
d) Iwo JimaaWhy were the Americans ready for the Japanese attack on Midway Island?
a) They didn't see the a real threat to any other American holdings, so Midway was the obvious target.
b) A Japanese informant alerted Admiral Nimitz of the impending attack.
c) They had been able to break the Japanese secret code.
d) The American air forces had captured a Japanese pilot and interrogated him until he confessed the plan.cWho was the American commander of the Philippines when the Japanese launched their attack in 1942?
a) General Douglas MacArthur
b) Admiral Chester Nimitz
c) General Jonathan Wainwright
d) General Dwight David EisenhoweraWhy were the Americans able to turn back the Japanese advance at the Battle of Coral Sea?
a) The Americans had a larger force with more ships and planes than the Japanese
b) The Japanese decided not to press their advantage during the battle
c) The Japanese encountered bad weather which allowed Allied forces more time to prepare
d) Americans were able to decode and read coded Japanese messagesdIn 1942, the British captured information on this German naval code that allowed them to intercept and decipher messages about U-boat operations.
a) Lebensraum
b) Tirpitz
c) Enigma
d) BlitzkriegcWhich of the following is NOT a reason why Hitler believed Germany could easily conquer the Soviet Union?
a) They believed the Aryan race was superior and the Russians no match for the Germans.
b) The German army seemed invincible in previous encounters.
c) The Russians did not have any men left after Stalin's purges.
d) Communism was a feeble system, and the people would turn on their government.cThe German offensive called "Case Blue" was an effort to capture _______________.
a) Kursk
b) Moscow
c) Leningrad
d) The CaucasuscThis action between the Germans and Soviets was one of the greatest and bloodiest land battles of the entire war?
a) The Battle of the Bulge
b) The Battle of Leningrad
c) The Battle of Kursk
d) The Battle of StalingradcOnce World War II began, why was North Africa important?
a) It was important ecause access to the Suez Canal would give control of the Mediterranean.
b) It was important because of the vast oil reserves there.
c) It was important because it provided a highway to southern Europe.
d) It was important because it was a good place to store supplies and reinforcements.aWho was the British general who forced the Germans to retreat to Libya, marking a turning point in the war?
a) General Bernard Montgomery
b) General Heinrich Himmler
c) General George Patton
d) General Erwin RommelaFailure of the Dieppe Raid convinced Roosevelt that the first attempt at Allied invasion of German territory should take place in _______________.
a) Vichy North Africa
b) Egypt
c) Abyssinia
d) KenyaaAt what conference did President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill decide when to go ahead with the Allied invasion of mainland Europe?
a) The Paris Peace Conference
b) The Yalta Conference
c) The Casablanca Conference
d) The Quebec ConferencecWhat two decisions did Stalin make that were crucial to Soviet survival? [choose 2]
a) He disbanded the Russian air force.
b) He transferred industry to the East.
c) He reorganized the Russian military command system.
d) He ordered more supplies from the United States.b cTo inspire the Russian people, Soviet leaders called for every comrade to defend ______________________.
a) their homes and families
b) Communist ideology
c) the Soviet proletariat
d) "Holy Mother Russia"dThe siege of what Russian city saw the development of a new weapon and defense of the city by a "People's Army"?
a) Stalingrad
b) Leningrad
c) Moscow
d) KurskbWhen the German's failed to win the battle for this city, all hope of conquering the Soviet Union disappeared.
a) Leningrad
b) Moscow
c) Kursk
d) StalingraddWhy was Stalin so surprised by the German invasion of the Soviet Union?
a) He had no warning that the attack was being planned.
b) Hitler had just left Moscow on a diplomatic mission.
c) He wasn't surprised, only acting that way since he wanted the war to happen.
d) He had trusted Hitler to respect the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact.dThe German term lebensraum means "_______________ ______________."living spaceAfter the American defeat at Kasserine Pass, who was given command of the American troops in North Africa?
a) General John Marshall
b) General Bernard Montgomery
c) General Dwight Eisenhower
d) General George PattondWhere in North Africa did the Americans suffer the only total rout in all of World War II?
a) El Alamein
b) Faid Pass
c) Tunis
d) Kasserine PassdHow did the American leadership view military action in North Africa?
a) They saw it as a secondary effort that drew resources away from a planned European invasion.
b) They saw it as a place to try new plans and tactics.
c) They saw it as the most logical place to defeat the Germans.
d) They saw it as a necessary stepping-stone to the invasion of Europe.aIn 1940, the Italians planned an invasion of this British holding to gain control of the Suez Canal?
a) Somaliland
b) Kenya
c) Egypt
d) AbyssiniacOperation ____________ began with Allied forces landing in Morocco and Algeria in November 1942.TorchIn August 1942, the Allies tested an amphibious assault on mainland Europe in _______________________.
a) Operation TORCH
b) Operation "Sledgehammer"
c) the Dieppe Raid
d) Operation "Roundup"cWhat was the benefit of the African campaign for the later fighting in Europe? [choose all that apply]
a) It gave the American forces the needed experience.
b) It drained German resources.
c) It increased American morale.
d) It provided an avenue to the oil reserves of the Middle East.a bThe German offensive called "Case Blue" was an effort to capture ______________________.
a) Leningrad
b) Kursk
c) Moscow
d) the Caucasusa b c dWhat brought the end of the Great Depression?
a) American participation in World War II
b) New Deal government spending
c) an infusion of cash from European nations
d) the economy slowly healingaWhat was different about the act passed by Congress on September 14, 1940?
a) It was the first-ever peacetime draft in United States history.
b) It was the reversal of America's neutrality declaration.
c) It increased the power of the President to encompass the declaration of war.
d) It limited several First Amendment rights for the safety of the nation.aWhich of the following was NOT a result of American shifting to a wartime economy?
a) the addition of more women and minorities in the workplace
b) the virtual elimination of unemployment
c) government takeover of all heavy industry
d) massive profits for many large businessescWhich of the following was the organization that was able to reorganize the national economy to focus on production for the war effort?
a) the Office for Military Inclusion
b) the Works Progress Administration
c) the War Production Board
d) the Office of Industry ManagementcAs the American military began to build up in 1940, who was responsible for the marked increase in wartime production?
a) labor unions
b) government factories
c) foreign investors
d) private industrydDuring World War II, how was government spending financed? [choose all that apply]
a) higher taxes
b) the sale of military supplies
c) higher government debt
d) gifts and charitiesa cThe two largest military programs for women during World War II were the _________________________.
a) Women for American Victory in Europe
b) Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Services
c) Women's Air Corps
d) Women's Army Corpsb dWhich of the following are reasons why men enlisted in the military after the attack on Pearl Harbor? [choose all that apply]
a) to escape poverty
b) from a sense of duty
c) to get revenge on the Japanese
d) from a sense of patriotism
e) to get out of prisona b c dWho was Roosevelt's Secretary of War, named in 1940, who built military readiness before American entry into combat?
a) Henry L Stimson
b) Harry W. Wooding
c) Harry S. Truman
d) Thomas E. DeweyaDuring World War II, most production contracts were awarded on a "_____________-___________" formula, meaning that the company was reimbursed for production costs in addition to receiving a fixed fee.cost plusWhich of the following is NOT a method used by the government to finance the war effort in World War II?
a) an excess profits tax on business
b) increased excise taxes
c) a national sales tax
d) war bondscWhat was the purpose of the Office of Censorship?
a) It was to monitor letters and telegrams between citizens and service members.
b) It was to monitor the movie industry.
c) It was to control the American press.
d) It was to monitor the material released by the government.cOverall, how many African-Americans served in the military in World War II?
a) 250,000
b) 500,000
c) Ten million
d) One milliondWho was the labor organizer who was instrumental in convincing President Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802 on June 25, 1941?
a) Thomas E. Dewey
b) Walter White
c) A. Philip Randolph
d) Harry S. TrumancAfrican-American contributions in World War II helped lead, in time to the ___________ ____________ _________________.Civil Rights MovementWhat conditions created fears of inflation during World War II? [choose all that apply]
a) rising interest rates
b) rising unemployment
c) scarcity of goods
d) rising wagesc dIn early 1942, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 which
a) censored the American press
b) ordered the relocation and internment of all people of Japanese ancestry who lived in the United States
c) declared martial law in the United States
d) prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, religion or national origin in hiring for government or government contracted jobsbIn order to keep prices low and to be sure that Americans received needed items, the government instituted _______________ systems to control access to all kinds of goods.rationingWhat necessity was rationed according to the occupation of the individual in relation to the war effort?
a) coal
b) gasoline
c) meat
d) sugarbWhat authority was given to the OPA (Office of Price Administration) by Congress during World War II? [choose all that apply]
a) authority to establish price ceilings
b) authority to stop production on some items
c) authority to freeze wages
d) authority to freeze farm commodity pricesa c dOf all the forms of propaganda in the United States, which was the most important according to the lesson?
a) radio
b) posters
c) Hollywood movies
d) war bond drivescThe Nazi plan to systematically exterminate the Jews is known as the _______________.
a) Holocaust
b) Final Countdown
c) Kristallnacht
d) LebensraumaOther than the Jews, what other groups were targeted in the Nazi extermination attempts? (choose all that apply)
a) Political prisoners
b) Christians
c) Roma
d) The mentally illa b c dWhat were the goals of the Wannsee Conference? (choose all that apply)
a) to settle a dispute regarding using the Jews as slave labor or extermination.
b) to plan for the relocation of undesirable non-Jewish residents of the concentration camps.
c) to develop a systematic approach to resolving the "Jewish Question."
d) to assess the necessity for moving more Jewish people into the ghettoes.a cApproximately how many Jews were victims of Germany's "Final Solution"?
a) 10 million
b) 2 million
c) 6 million
d) 8 millioncWhy did the Americans agree to postpone "Operation Roundup" until 1944 and concentrate on invading Italy? (choose all that apply)
a) They needed the experience before trying to attack elsewhere in Europe.
b) The Americans were willing to wait for the British and Soviets to soften up the German defenses elsewhere in Europe.
c) They believed an Italian campaign would be quick and easy.
d) They believed an invasion of Italy would provide them with a way to reach Germany more quickly.c dIn January 1944, the Allied advance was stopped just 100 miles short of Rome as they ran into a set of fortifications known as the _____________.
a) Anzio Line
b) Gothic Line
c) Gustav Line
d) Roman LinecThe amphibious landing at __________ was an attempt to go around the Gustav Line and encircle the Germans?
a) Salerno
b) Sicily
c) Naples
d) AnziodIn what ways could the Italian campaign be considered a success? (choose all that apply)
a) It gave the Allies experience in amphibious warfare.
b) It provided an avenue of supply for the invasion of Germany.
c) The invasion effectively knocked Italy out of the war.
d) It provided experience with German troops and their abilities to defend positions and carry out bold maneuvers.a c dWhich Allied nation was the one to liberate the city of Rome from the Germans?
a) England
b) The Soviet Union
c) The United States
d) FrancecWhat were the "Auschwitz Protocols?"
a) They were the Allied plan to liberate the concentration camps after the Germans were defeated.
b) They were the criteria by which the Germans decided who would be sent to a labor camp and who would be sent to the gas chamber.
c) They were eyewitness accounts of what was happening in the concentration camps.
d) They were the German plan to carry out the "Final Solution."cWhich of the following was one of the most powerful strongholds on the Gustav Line and also the site of a 6th century monastery with historical significance?
a) Monte Corsini
b) Monte Cello
c) Monte Cassino
d) Monte CapresecIn what ways could the Italian campaign be considered a failure? [choose all that apply]
a) The Allies wasted time and resources in taking strongly defended positions.
b) The advance was so slow that the forces from Italy were no help in the advance toward Berlin.
c) The Italian surrender meant that the Germans defended the territory.
d) The slow advance allowed the Soviets to take European territory that laid the groundwork for the Cold War.a b c dWhat were the results of the Allied threat to the Italian mainland? [choose all that apply]
a) Germany reinforced the Italian peninsula and forced Allied troops to fight to take it.
b) Italy switched alliances and joined the Allies.
c) King Victor Emmanuel III appointed Pietro Badoglio to head a new government.
d) Mussolini was ousted from power.a b c dOnce American entered the war, Roosevelt and Churchill agreed that the Allies should pursue a "____________ first" strategy.
a) Germany
b) Europe
c) Japan
d) PacificaWho was named Supreme Commander of Operation "Overlord" at the Tehran Conference?
a) General Bernard Montgomery
b) General Dwight Eisenhower
c) General George S. Patton
d) General George MarshallbWhich of the following were code names for the beaches of the Normandy invasion? (choose all that apply)
a) Delta
b) Omaha
c) Juno
d) Bronze
e) Gold
f) Sword
g) Iowa
h) Utah
i) Apacheb c e f hWhat were the challenges to the D-Day invasion that affected timing? (choose all that apply)
a) The invasion needed to take place during a full moon.
b) The invasion needed to take place at low tide.
c) The invasion needed to take place at dawn.
d) The invasion needed to take place when the English Channel was calm.a b c dAt which of the following D-Day landing sites did the Allied troops almost meet with disaster?
a) Omaha
b) Iowa
c) Bronze
d) ApacheaHitler's Operation "Autumn Fog" was the key to beginning this important World War II battle.
a) The Battle of Alsace
b) The Battle of Bastogne
c) The Battle of the Bulge
d) The Battle of the Ardennes ForestcWhy were individual German victories in the Soviet Union not successful in reversing the tide of the Soviet advance? (choose all that apply)
a) The Germans were kept busy with the Allied invasion of Spain.
b) The German military were short on supplies.
c) Soviet industry was producing more weapons and vehicles than the Germans.
d) The Soviets could replace losses more easily than the Germans.b c dWhat was the Soviet response to the Warsaw Uprising?
a) They waited to see what the Americans wanted to do before moving into the city.
b) They stormed the city and liberated it from the Germans immediately.
c) They watched what was happening and did nothing.
d) They sent in small bands of commandos to arm the rebels and assist in their efforts.cWhich of the following was a result of the Allied capture of the Rhineland? (choose all that apply)
a) It gave the Americans a port that could easily supply the invasion of Germany itself.
b) It made some German soldiers convinced that Germany had already lost the war.
c) It provided the Germans with a reason to keep fighting.
d) It was a blow to German morale.b dWhich Allied army fought for and won the final battle for Berlin?
a) The English
b) The French
c) The Soviets
d) The AmericanscThe meeting to discuss the plans for Operation "Overlord" were held in ____________________.
a) Yalta
b) Casablanca
c) Tehran
d) MoscowcWhat was one reason why the German reaction to the invasion at Normandy slower than it should have been?
a) Most of the German officers were away from their posts on D-Day.
b) The Germans had stationed their forces too far inland and were not guarding the beaches.
c) The Germans were waiting for the Allied troops to all get ashore before they destroyed them with bombing runs.
d) The German officers thought the attacks were another false move to fool them and would end soon.aOn which date did D-Day or Operation "Overlord" take place?
a) December 7, 1941
b) May 31, 1944
c) June 28, 1944
d) June 6, 1944dWhich of the following was NOT one of the code names for the beaches of the Normandy invasion?
a) "Sword"
b) "Gold"
c) "Omaha"
d) "Iowa"
e) "Juno"dThe convoys that brought supplies from the Normandy coast to the front lines were known as the "________ _____________ ________________."Red Ball ExpressThe invasion site for Operation "Overlord" was the beaches of _________________.NormandyOperation "Market Garden" was a plan to take a bridge across the Rhine at __________________.
a) Alsace-Lorraine
b) Antwerp
c) Arnhem
d) CaencWhich German was in command of all the defenses on the French coast before D-Day?
a) Henreich Himmler
b) Erwin Rommel
c) Alfred Jodl
d) Hermann GoringbWhat was the Allied reaction when they captured and liberated the labor and transit camps in Germany? [choose all that apply]
a) They shot German guards or camp personnel on sight.
b) Residents of nearby towns were brought in to tour the facilities.
c) They gathered evidence of the conditions and practices documenting what the Nazis had done.
d) Residents of nearby towns were forced to work burial details in the camps.a b c dWhat army was the first to liberate a major death camp in Poland?
a) the French
b) the Americans
c) the British
d) the SovietsdWhy did the Soviet advance halt in early 1945, although they were within 100 miles of Berlin?
a) They had pushed too far and needed to spend time subduing German garrisons on the Baltic.
b) They wanted to keep the Germans in fear and suspense of wondering when the invasion would take place.
c) They were waiting for the American and British forces to approach from the West and pinch the Germans between them.
d) They needed to wait until the Americans had made several bombing runs over the city to soften up the enemy.aWho signed the unconditional surrender of Germany on May 7, 1945?
a) Erwin Rommel
b) Heinrich Himmler
c) Admiral Karl Donitz
d) Adolf HitlercAdmiral Chester Nimitz wanted the Navy and Marines to conduct an "____________ ___________" campaign across the Pacific toward Japan.island hoppingThe main targets in the Marianas Islands included ____________. [choose three]
a) Saipan
b) Iwo Jima
c) Tinian
d) Guama c dWhich of the following is true about the Battle of Leyte Gulf? (choose all that apply)
a) It destroyed the Japanese navy to the point that it could no longer be a serious threat to American operations in the Pacific.
b) It was the greatest naval battle in all of history.
c) It was the first American experience with Japanese kamikaze attacks.
d) It gave the Japanese confidence that they could still defeat the Americans.a b cThis island's invasion put the Americans just 600 miles from Tokyo and provided one of the most iconic photographs of World War II?
a) Tarawa
b) Tinian
c) Iwo Jima
d) GuamcWhy did American military leaders NOT want to attempt an invasion on the Japanese home islands?
a) The war was already too costly and the support of the American people was starting to diminish.
b) They knew the Japanese would defend to the last person, and casualties would be high.
c) American supplies were running low, and there were not enough to support the invasion.
d) The Japanese home islands were too densely populated to ever be completely conquered.bWhy did the Germans not develop atomic weapons earlier than other nations?
a) The Americans continually fed the Germans false information about the way to enrich uranium.
b) The Germans lacked a power source for atomic energy.
c) Hitler failed to recognize the destructive power of nuclear weapons.
d) Some of the important scientists were Jewish and had fled to the United States.dOnce the first atomic bomb was successfully tested, what three options did the President have regarding its use to make Japan surrender? [choose 3]
a) He could refuse to use the bomb and launch a traditional invasion of Japan.
b) He could detonate a bomb in a remote location to demonstrate its power.
c) He could tell the Japanese about the weapon and use the threat as a part of continuing negotiations.
d) He could use the bomb to attack Japanese cities.a b dWhat was the Japanese government's reaction to the destruction brought by the first atomic bomb dropped on one of their cities?
a) They began talking about complete surrender.
b) They asked the Soviet Union to try to mediate peace with the United States.
c) They bombed American forces on Iwo Jima.
d) They launched all their kamikaze pilots in a massive attack on Okinawa.bThe documents formalizing the unconditional surrender of Japan were signed on the deck of the _____________.
a) USS Indianapolis
b) USS Yorktown
c) USS Missouri
d) USS EnterprisecWhich of the following were consequences of the Marianas campaign? [choose all that apply]
a) It forced the Americans to rethink their strategy in the Pacific.
b) It caused political issues for the Japanese government.
c) It placed the Japanese home islands within striking distance for American B29 bombers.
d) It put the US within striking distance of the Philippines and the Dutch East Indies.b c dThe word kamikaze means "__________ ________."divine windAfter taking the island of Iwo Jima, Nimitz's next target was _________________, only 350 miles from the southernmost Japanese home island.
a) Formosa
b) Kyushu
c) Okinawa
d) HokkaidocWhat topographical conditions made invasion of Iwo Jima more difficult than other islands?
a) it was a swamp
b) it was a dense jungle
c) it was below sea level in many places
d) it was a volcanic islanddThe efforts to take these objectives in the Gilbert Islands shocked the American public because of the high death toll? [choose all that apply]
a) Luzon
b) Guam
c) Mankin
d) Tarawac dThe second Japanese city to be attacked by an atomic bomb was _____________________.
a) Nagasaki
b) Hiroshima
c) Kyoto
d) TokyoaThe name of the 2 atomic bombs dropped on Japanese cities in 1945 were _________________. [choose two]
a) "Little Boy"
b) "Fat Man"
c) "Big Bang"
d) "Prince Charming"a bThe project created to develop and build atomic weapons was code-named
a) "Project Insight"
b) the "Little Boy Project"
c) the "Manhattan Project"
d) the "Big Bang Project"cThe first Japanese city to be attacked by an atomic bomb was ___________________.
a) Nagasaki
b) Hiroshima
c) Tokyo
d) KyotobThe scientists of which nation had made progress in the development of atomic weapons in the 1930s?
a) the Soviet Union
b) the United States
c) Great Britain
d) GermanydWhich American military commander liberated the Philippines, announcing "I have returned!"?
a) General Douglas MacArthur
b) Admiral Chester Nimitz
c) Admiral William Halsey
d) General Dwight EisenhoweraWhy was it difficult for the Marines to dislodge the Japanese from the island of Iwo Jima?
a) They had taken refuge in fortified caves on the island.
b) The Americans were trying not to kill the enemy unnecessarily.
c) The Americans needed to wait for reinforcements.
d) The Japanese held the highest ground on the island.aWho announced the surrender to the Japanese people, marking the first time his people had heard his voice?
a) President Truman
b) Admiral Yamimoto
c) President Roosevelt
d) Emperor HirohitodWhat famous scientist led others to express their concerns regarding German efforts to build atomic weapons?
a) Robert Oppenheimer
b) Thomas A. Edison
c) Elias Howe
d) Albert EinsteindWhen Franklin Roosevelt died in April 1945, who became President of the United States?
a) Lyndon B. Johnson
b) John F. Kennedy
c) Dwight D. Eisenhower
d) Harry S. Trumand
Sets found in the same folder
test 3
178 terms
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