Micro Biology Exam 2 Practice Test Questions

Which of the following statements about archaea is false?
A) They are prokaryotes.
B) They lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
C) Some are thermoacidophiles; others are extreme halophiles.
D) They evolved before bacteria.
E) Some produce methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
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Which of the following statements about archaea is false?
A) They are prokaryotes.
B) They lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
C) Some are thermoacidophiles; others are extreme halophiles.
D) They evolved before bacteria.
E) Some produce methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
D) They evolved before bacteria.
If two organisms have similar rRNA sequences, evolutionists conclude that
A) They live in the same place.
B) They evolved from a common ancestor.
C) They will have different G-C ratios.
D) They will both ferment lactose.
E) They mated with each other.
B) They evolved from a common ancestor.
What is the outstanding characteristic of the Kingdom Fungi?
A) All members are photosynthetic.
B) Members absorb dissolved organic matter.
C) Members absorb dissolved inorganic matter.
D) All members are microscopic.
E) All members are macroscopic.
B) Members absorb dissolved organic matter.
The phylogenetic classification of bacteria is based on
A) Cell morphology.
B) Gram reaction.
C) rRNA sequences.
D) Habitat.
E) Diseases.
C) rRNA sequences.
According to evolutionists and compromising creationists, fossil evidence indicates that prokaryotic cells first existed on the Earth
A) 350 years ago.
B) 3500 years ago.
C) 3.5 million years ago.
D) 3.5 billion years ago.
E) 3.5 × 1012 years ago.
D) 3.5 billion years ago.
Protist is a diverse group of organisms that are similar in
A) rRNA sequences.
B) Metabolic type.
C) Motility.
D) Ecology.
E) None of the above.
E) None of the above.
Serological testing is based on the fact that
A) All bacteria have the same antigens.
B) Antibodies react specifically with an antigen.
C) The human body makes antibodies against bacteria.
D) Antibodies cause the formation of antigens.
E) Bacteria clump together when mixed with any antibodies.
B) Antibodies react specifically with an antigen.
Into which group would you place a unicellular organism that has 70S ribosomes and a peptidoglycan cell wall?
A) Animalia
B) Bacteria
C) Fungi
D) Plantae
E) Protist
B) Bacteria
Which of the following statements about fungi is false?
A) All fungi are unicellular.
B) All fungi have eukaryotic cells.
C) Fungi are heterotrophic.
D) Most fungi are aerobic.
E) Few fungi are pathogenic to humans.
A) All fungi are unicellular.
Which of the following statements is false?
A) A lichen doesn't exist if the fungal and algal partners are separated.
B) Lichens are parasites.
C) In a lichen, the alga produces carbohydrates.
D) In a lichen, the fungus provides the holdfast.
E) Lichens are important soil producers.
B) Lichens are parasites.
Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Plasmogamy - union of two haploid cells B) Karyogamy - fusion of nucleus C) Meiosis - cell division resulting in haploid cells D) Anamorph - produces asexual spores E) Deuteromycota - a phylum of fungiE) Deuteromycota - a phylum of fungiWhich of the following arthropods does NOT transmit diseases by sucking blood from a human host? A) Lice B) Fleas C) Houseflies D) Mosquitoes E) Kissing bugsC) HousefliesAll algae are A) Photoautotrophs. B) Plants. C) Unicellular. D) Toxic. E) None of the above.E) None of the above.Which of the following is the most effective control for malaria? A) Vaccination B) Treating patients C) Eliminate Anopheles D) Eliminate the intermediate host E) None of the above is an effective control.A) VaccinationWhich of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Tick - Rocky Mountain spotted fever B) Tick - Lyme disease C) Mosquito - malaria D) Mosquito - Pneumocystis E) Mosquito - encephalitisD) Mosquito - PneumocystisYeast infections are caused by A) Aspergillus. B) Candida albicans. C) Histoplasma. D) Penicillium. E) Saccharomyces cerevisiae.B) Candida albicans.In a food chain consisting of the following organisms, which acts as a producer? A) Fungi B) Lichens C) Protozoa D) Slime moldsB) LichensIn which of the following ways do viruses differ from bacteria? A) Viruses are filterable. B) Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. C) Viruses don't have any nucleic acid. D) Viruses are not composed of cells. E) Viruses don't reproduce.D) Viruses are not composed of cells.Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses? A) Biochemical tests B) Morphology C) Nucleic acid D) Size E) Number of capsomeresA) Biochemical testsBacteriophages and animal viruses do NOT differ significantly in which one of the following steps? A) Adsorption B) Penetration C) Uncoating D) Biosynthesis E) ReleaseD) BiosynthesisThe definition of lysogeny is A) Phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA. B) Lysis of the host cell due to a phage. C) The period during replication when virions are not present. D) When the burst time takes an unusually long time. E) Attachment of a phage to a cell.A) Phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA.A viroid is A) A complete, infectious virus particle. B) A nonenveloped, infectious piece of RNA. C) A capsid without a nucleic acid. D) A provirus. E) An infectious protein.B) A nonenveloped, infectious piece of RNA.An infectious protein is a A) Bacteriophage. B) Prion. C) Retrovirus. D) Viroid. E) Papovavirus.B) Prion.An example of a latent viral infection is A) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. B) Cold sores. C) Influenza. D) Smallpox. E) Mumps.B) Cold sores.The most common route of accidental AIDS transmission to health care workers is A) Mouth to mouth. B) Fecal-oral. C) Needlestick. D) Aerosol. E) Environmental surface contact.C) Needlestick.To which group does a small, nonenveloped single-stranded RNA virus most likely belong? A) Herpesvirus B) Picornavirus C) Retrovirus D) Togavirus E) PapovavirusB) PicornavirusPut the following in the correct order for DNA-virus replication: 1-Maturation; 2-DNA synthesis; 3-Transcription; 4-Translation. A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 2, 3, 4, 1 C) 3, 4, 1, 2 D) 4, 1, 2, 3 E) 4, 3, 2, 1B) 2, 3, 4, 1Viruses that have reverse transcriptase are in the A) Retroviridae and Picornaviridae. B) Herpesviridae and Retroviridae. C) Hepadnaviridae and Retroviridae. D) Bacteriophage families. E) Influenzavirus.C) Hepadnaviridae and Retroviridae.To which group does a small, nonenveloped single-stranded RNA virus most likely belong? A) Herpesvirus B) Picornavirus C) Retrovirus D) Togavirus E) PapovavirusB) PicornavirusThe following steps occur during multiplication of herpesviruses. What is the third step? A) Attachment B) Biosynthesis C) Penetration D) Release E) UncoatingE) UncoatingWhich of the following is most likely a product of an early gene? A) Capsid proteins B) DNA polymerase C) Envelope proteins D) Spike proteins E) LysozymeB) DNA polymeraseA commensal bacterium A) Does not receive any benefit from its host. B) Is beneficial to its host. C) May be an opportunistic pathogen. D) Does not infect its host. E) B and D only.C) May be an opportunistic pathogen.Koch's postulates don't apply to all diseases because A) Some microorganisms can't be cultured in laboratory media. B) Some microorganisms don't cause the same disease in laboratory animals. C) Some microorganisms cause different symptoms under different conditions. D) Some microorganisms can't be observed. E) Not all diseases are caused by microorganisms.E) Not all diseases are caused by microorganisms.Which of the following definitions is incorrect? A) Endemic - a disease that is constantly present in a population B) Epidemic - fraction of the population having a disease at a specified time C) Pandemic - a disease that affects a large number of people in the world in a short time D) Sporadic - a disease that affects a population occasionally E) Incidence - number of new cases of a diseaseB) Epidemic - fraction of the population having a disease at a specified timeKoch observed Bacillus anthracis multiplying in the blood of cattle. What is this condition called? A) Bacteremia B) Focal infection C) Local infection D) Septicemia E) Systemic infectionD) SepticemiaTransient microbiota differ from normal microbiota because transient microbiota A) Cause diseases. B) Are found in a certain location on the host. C) Are acquired by direct contact. D) Are present for a relatively short time. E) Never cause disease.D) Are present for a relatively short time.Which of the following is NOT a reservoir of infection? A) A sick person B) A healthy person C) A sick animal D) A hospital E) All of the above can be reservoirs of infection.E) All of the above can be reservoirs of infection.Which of the following is a fomite? A) Water B) Droplets from a sneeze C) Pus D) Insects E) A hypodermic needleE) A hypodermic needleWhich of the following definitions is incorrect? A) Acute - a short-lasting primary infection B) Inapparent - infection characteristic of a carrier state C) Chronic - a disease that develops slowly and lasts for months D) Primary infection - an initial illness E) Secondary infection - a long-lasting illnessE) Secondary infection - a long-lasting illnessWhich of the following can contribute to postoperative infections? A) Using syringes more than once B) Normal microbiota on the operating room staff C) Errors in aseptic technique D) Antibiotic resistance E) All of the aboveE) All of the aboveA cold transmitted by a facial tissue is an example of A) Direct contact. B) Droplet transmission. C) Fomite. D) Vector. E) Vehicle transmission.E) Vehicle transmission.Which one of the following is NOT an example of microbial antagonism? A) Acid production by bacteria B) Bacteriocin production C) Bacteria occupying host receptors D) Bacteria causing disease E) Bacteria producing vitamin KD) Bacteria causing diseaseWhich one of the following statements is false? A) Antimicrobial therapy for hemodialysis-associated infections increases antibiotic resistance. B) S. aureus is differentiated from other mannitol+ cocci by the coagulase test. C) The M in MRSA stands for mannitol. D) USA100 accounts for most hospital-acquired MRSA. E) USA300 accounts for most community-acquired MRSA.C) The M in MRSA stands for mannitol.Which of the following methods do evolutionists use primarily to give extremely old dates for the first appearance of prokaryotic life? A) Fossil evidence B) DNA similarity C) God's Word D) ELISA resultsA) Fossil evidenceEvolutionists know evolution is true because A) Common ancestors share homologous structures B) Homologous structures demonstrate common ancestry C) All of the above D) None of the aboveC) All of the aboveIn light of modern phylogenetics, evolutionists have made their problem worse by suggesting A) Multiple origins of life B) A single origin of life C) An orchard representation D) All of the aboveA) Multiple origins of life