Skeletal system study guide

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Describe the functions of the Skeletal System
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Terms in this set (27)
Describe the functions of the Skeletal System
1. Support 2. Protection 3. Movement 4. Provides a place for muscles to attach 5. Provides minerals to the body, mainly Ca
Osteocyte
maintains bone tissue
Osteoclast
secretes acids and enzymes to break down bone matrix
Osteoblast
Creates new bone matrix
Proximal epiphysis
end of the bone closest to the body trunk, connects to other ends of bone to form joints
Diaphysis
Provides length to the bone
Distal epiphysis
End of bone furthest from trunk, prevents bones from grinding together when moving .
Articular cartilage
Outside layer of the bone, allows the bones to glide over each other with very little friction
spoungy bone
in the middle of bones, reduces the density of bone and allows the ends of long bones to compress as the result of stresses applied to the bone
Epithelial line
Boundary between epiphysis and diaphysis
Blood vesselsLooks like a vein on bone, carry blood throughout the boneBone marrow CavityContains stem cells that produce blood cells and the cells that make up the immune systemEndostuemLines the surface inside the bone, helps with bone growth, repair, and remodelingCompact boneForms a hard outer shell of the bone, provides protection and strength to bonesPeriosteumOn outside of bone helps with bone growthSynarthrosisImmovable joint, ex bones in the skullAmphiarthrosisslightly movable joint, ex vertebraeDiarthrosisa freely movable joint, ex elbowGlidingnearly flat bone surfaces slide or glide over each otherHingeProvides motion in one plane, ex. humerus meeting ulnaPivotdiarthrosis joint that allows only rotary movement around a single axis, ex. ulna connects to the carpelsBall and Socketmechanism where the shperical part of a bone fits into the cup part of another bone, ex. femur ball connecting to pelvis cup part.SaddleThe concave forming of the joint in a bone allows movements of abduction, abduction, flexation, and extension, ex. proximal part of your thumb jointEllipsodialoval shaped process of a bone that fits into an elongated cavity allows movements of abduction, abduction, flexation, and extension, ex. where metatarsals and phalanges connectAxial skeletonParts of the skeleton that protect the vital organsAppendicular skeletonParts of the skeleton that contain all of the appendegesDescribe the 4 stages of Bone repair1. A blood clot is formed 2. The temporary formation of fibroclasts and chondroblasts around the breakage 3.Osteoblasts start to form spongy bone. 4. New bone tissue is formed