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Anatomy: Digestive System Part 2

Terms in this set (30)

The main digestive function of the liver is the emulsification, hydrolysis, and uptake of fats. All of these functions are enabled by the secretion of ________.
bile
Bile is secreted by hepatocytes into tiny spaces between to adjacent cells. These spaces are not lined by epithelium, and are known as
bile canaliculi
Why is mucus secreted from Brunner's glands (or duodenal glands) alkaline?
To counteract the acidity of the chyme entering the duodenum.
The hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates
Enzyme secretion in the pancreas
It is commonly known that liver cirrhosis is characterized by fibrosis, or too much connective tissue in the liver. How does the fibrosis adversely affect liver function?
Fibrosis fills the perisinusoidal spaces with excess connective tissue, disrupting the normal architecture, and blocking metabolic exchange.
The common bile duct is formed from the union of the __________
Common hepatic duct and cystic duct
What is the effect of the HCO3- ions (bicarbonate ions) that are produced by the intercalated ducts of the pancreas and are present in pancreatic juice?
The ions neutralize the acidic chyme that arrives in the duodenum from the stomach.
What function do the liver and spleen share?
...
What feature of the liver makes liver transplants relatively successful for both recipient and donor?
High regenerative capacity of the liver
Which type of epithelium covers the serosa?
Mesothelium
One well-known viral infection of the salivary glands is
Mumps
Which cells have secretory granules for producing the second-hardest substance in the human body?
Odontoblasts; produce dentin
The major duodenal papilla is the site of entry of pancreatic exocrine secretions and _____________ into the duodenum
bile
Peyer's patches are part of the MALT, and are found in the
Ilieum
What is the hardest tissue in the human body?
Enamel
The myenteric nerve plexus and the submucosal nerve plexus, which are associated with the gut, together form the ...
Enteric nervous system
What is the function(s) of the gall bladder?

Concentrate bile by removing water.
Release bile through contraction of the muscular layer of the gall bladder
Store bile
all of these
The basic functional unit of the liver is the
Hepatic lobule
The liver process nutrients absorbed in the small intestine before they are distributed to the rest of the body. The nutrients arrive in the liver through the hepatic portal vein, which carries about _____ of the blood entering the liver.
75%
In the liver, which type of cells remove dying RBC's?
Kupffer cells (macrophages)
Why are the lacteal lymph vessels called "lacteals"?
Because the lipid-rich liquid they absorb appears milky
Which one of these is not a function of liver cells?
Mobilization of calcium from the bone
The autonomic nervous system controls the release of saliva from the salivary glands. What is the function of mucus in saliva?
Moisten and lubricate food, as well as the oral cavity
The pancreas is distinctive from most other other organs in having
Both endocrine and exocrine function
What of the following classes of enzymes is present in pancreatic secretions?

Proteases
Amylases
Lipases
all of these
The stimulation of secretion of the pancreatic acinar cells by the parasympathetic nervous system indicates of the function of the parasympathetic system in
Stimulating digestion
The liver has parenchyma, as do many other types of organs. What does this word mean?
It refers to the cells that perform the organ's main functions.
In what specific region of the liver does release and uptake of nutrients, proteins, etc. between the hepatocytes and plasma take place?
Perisinusoidal space
The portal lobule is a functional component of the liver that is primarily concerned with the
...
The presence of ingested fats in the small intestine stimulates the production of the hormone cholecystikinin (CCK), which in turn ________________
Stimulates the release of bile from the gall bladder
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