Chapter 10 Textbook

Which of the following statements is true regarding interpretation of SPRCA results?
a. Grading reactions are based on a 1-to-4 grading scale, where 4+ is a strong positive.
b. A tight button of cells on the bottom of the well would be interpreted as a positive reaction.
c. Hemagglutination assay results are interpreted the same as SPRCA results.
d. An evenly distributed layer of cells on the well surface is a negative reaction.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding interpretation of SPRCA results?
a. Grading reactions are based on a 1-to-4 grading scale, where 4+ is a strong positive.
b. A tight button of cells on the bottom of the well would be interpreted as a positive reaction.
c. Hemagglutination assay results are interpreted the same as SPRCA results.
d. An evenly distributed layer of cells on the well surface is a negative reaction.
Grading reactions are based on a 1- to +4 grading scale where 4+ is a strong positive.
What are the indicator cells used in SPRCA assays?
a. IgM-coated red cells useful in determining the presence of ABO antibodies
b. cells used to agglutinate IgG antibodies to form a pellet in the well after centrifugation
c. IgG-coated red cells that cross-link with IgG antibodies attached to the well
d. check cells that are added to negative reactions to validate the washing step
IgG-coated red cells that cross-link with IgG antibodies attached to the well
In the gel test, what is a button of cells at the bottom of the well called?
a. 4+ positive reaction
b. 1+ positive reaction
c. negative reaction
d. invalid reaction
Negative reaction
Which method is used in the automated Immucor and Bio-Rad systems for ABO and D phenotype?
a. SPRCA
b. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
c. reverse-passive hemagglutination (RPHA)
d. hemagglutination in a microwell
Hemagglutination in a microwell
Where can false-negative reactions occur in both the gel and solid-phase testing?
a. failing to centrifuge
b. not mixing reagent red cells sufficiently
c. incubation time was too short
d. all of the above
All of the above
Mixed-field reactions were observed in the ID-MTS gel test for ABO and D phenotype when the test was automated. What is the most probable cause of this observation?
a. improper pipetting technique
b. the use of contaminated reagents
c. transfusion of group O cells to an A or B patient
d. centrifugation error
Transfusion of group O cells to an A r B patient
After centrifugation using anti-IgG gel cards, a layer of agglutinated cells was observed at the top of two of the three screening cell microtubes. What is the next step?
a. repeat the test
b. proceed to an antibody identification panel
c. perform a DAT to determine whether the patient has an autoantibody
d. verify the negative reaction with check cells
Proceed to an antibody identification panel
What tests are performed with the MTS monoclonal A/B/D grouping gel card?
a. typing A, B, and D antigen
b. antiglobulin crossmatches
c. typing Rh system antigens
d. DATs
Antiglobulin crossmatches
What test uses the Capture-R Select microwell strips?
a. DAT
b. antiglobulin testing of selected panel cells
c. weak D test
d. all of the above
All of the above
Select the method that uses the principle of sieving to separate larger agglutinates from smaller agglutinates in antigen-antibody reactions.
a. gel
b. solid phase
c. microplate
d. none of the above
Gel
T/F. Bar code technology is used in automated instruments to ensure positive sample identity.TrueT/F. LIS interfaces link the automated test system with a LIS for reporting results.TrueT/F. Automation should make it easier to do things the right way and more difficult to do the wrong things.TrueT/F. When selecting an automation partner, a laboratory does not need to determine its requirements in terms of customer support, training, and service.FalseT/F. Rapid turnaround times for selected samples and the ability to accommodate large-volume batch testing contribute to overall operational efficiency.TrueT/F. Automation vendors submit their instrument to an US Food and Drug Administration review and approval process.TrueT/F. Vendor assessment, base technology, and instrument assessment are important considerations in the selection of an automated system.TrueT/F. Using the same patient's sample, the antibody screen can be positive with the gel method and negative with the solid-phase method.TrueT/F. In a solid-phase red cell adherence antibody screening assay, a negative result appears as a red cell button.TrueT/F. Solidscreen II technology uses Protein A to capture anti-IgG AHG.True