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Chemistry Chapter 10

Terms in this set (12)

What are the 4 properties of gases?
1.) Gases are compressible
2.) Gases have low densities
3.) Gases mix thoroughly
4.) A gas fills a container, uniformly exerting equal pressure in all directions
Kinetic Molecular Theory
1. A gas is composed of very small particles called molecules, which are widely spaced and occupy negligible volume compared to the volume of the container. A container of gas is comprised mostly of the empty space between molecules.
2. The molecules of a gas are in rapid, random motion, colliding with each other and the sides of the container. Pressure is a result of these collisions with the sides of the container.
3. All collisions involving gas molecules are elastic. This means that the total energy of two colliding molecules is conserved. A ball bouncing off the pavement undergoes inelastic collisions; it does not bounce as high each time.
4. Gas molecules have negligible attractive (or repulsive) forces between them.
5. The temperature of a gas is related to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. Also, at the same temperature, different gases have the same average kinetic energy
Kinetic Energy of a gas
Diffusion
Mixing
Effusion
Moving through an opening or hole
Unlike solids and liquids, a gas has a ________ density and fills a container ________.
Low

Completely
The unique behavior of gases can be explained by the ________ theory. In this theory, gas molecules are in ________, ________ motion, exerting pressure by ________ with the walls of the container. Another aspect of this theory is that the temperature relates to the average ________ energy of the gas.
Kinetic Molecular

Constant, Random

Collisions

Kinetic
At the same temperature, the gas with the larger molar mass will have the ________ velocity. The velocity of a gas relates to the rates of ________ and ________ as expressed by Graham's law.
Lower

Diffusion

Effusion
Atmospheric pressure is read from a device called a ________. Pressure is defined as ________ per unit ________.One atmosphere of pressure is equivalent to ________ torr. An increase in pressure on a volume of gas causes the volume to ________,
Barometer

Force

Area

760

Decrease
Absolute Zero
lowest possible temperature and is the temperature at which translational motion (motion from point to point) ceases
Gay-Lussac's Law
states that the pressure is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature at constant volume
Avogadro's Law
equal volumes of gases at the same pressure and temperature contain equal numbers of molecules
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