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A clustering of doctor's offices and pharmacies near hospitals is BEST explained by the benefits of
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Terms in this set (49)
A clustering of doctor's offices and pharmacies near hospitals is BEST explained by the benefits of
Agglomeration
Economic activities that involve the extraction of natural resources, such as lumbering, fishing, mining, and agriculture, are called
primary economic activities
The port of Los Angeles is the busiest port in the United States and a major break-of-bulk point. Which of the following statements correctly explains why Los Angeles is a break-of-bulk point?
The port can accommodate large container ships that can be unloaded quickly so that containers can be transferred onto carriers that use California's highway and rail systems.
If a manufacturing company uses a single, weight-losing raw material to manufacture its finished product, then most likely the company will
locate its manufacturing plant at the raw material site
Environmental laws, labor availability, and access to markets are major factors affecting which of the following?
Manufacturing locations
Quaternary economic activities are those that
involve the collection, processing, and manipulation of information
During the first half of the twentieth century, which of the following facilitated the transportation of beef over long distances to global markets?
Refrigerated ships
Economic complementarities between two places tend to
Occur when each place specializes in commodities demanded by the ther
Free trade zones such as countries of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are established to increase the ease and volume of international trade by
Eliminating tariffs on goods that cross borders between member states
In Latin America, data for employment in many large urban areas are most likely to be incomplete because
Many people work in the informal sector
Which of the following statements explains a benefit of membership in the European Union?Member states form a single market, which creates a powerful economic blocThe two images illustrate advancements in technology resulting from the Industrial Revolution. Comparing the images, which of the following statements best illustrates an impact of the Industrial Revolution on society?The invention of the steam engine and the construction of steel bridges to carry trains across various physical features led to ever-increasing demand for the materials and labor to build more trains and tracks.Fabricating plants are examples of bulk-gaining industries becauseseparate parts are combined to make more complex and massive products.The high-tech firms of Silicon Valley in California are clustered together to take advantage ofagglomeration effectsThe reason for the concentration of copper smelters, refineries, and foundries close to Arizona's copper mines is that copper production isa bulk-reducing industryWhich of these industries is most dependent on low-cost labor?textileWhich of the following concepts explains the decision to relocate market-oriented factories in the United States from the Midwest and Northeast to locations in the southern United States or Mexico?Comparative advantage, because products can be made more efficiently in the southern United States and Mexico. Operating costs and wages are lower, and the manufactured products are easily transported to major United States markets.What two location factors influence industries to remain in the northeastern United States and northwestern Europe?skilled labor and rapid delivery to marketIn contrast to Fordist production, Post-Fordist production is more likely tointroduce more flexible work rules.Outsourced industrial production in less-developed countries often relies on female labor becausewage rates for women are much lower than for menWhich of the following best describes Alfred Weber's analysis of location decisions?It seeks to minimize costs among multiple inputs of production.The industrialization of a country's economy often has which the following large- scale effects on a country's demographic patterns?Mechanized farming replaces many labor-intensive jobs, inducing people to move to new industrial and urban areas. Over time, the country's birth rate decreases as the country industrializes.Compared with more-developed countries, which of the following statements is true of less developed countries?A higher percent of the labor force is engaged in food production.It is generally agreed that the current trend in climate change is caused byIncreased use of fossil fuelsWhich of the following is an advantage for Japanese corporations that locate their manufacturing plants in the United States?Lower transportation costs and greater access to marketsThe literacy rate of any country correlates most closely with which of the following?Per capita incomeThe classic model of industrial location theory suggests that the primary consideration in the location of an industrial site is which of the following?The cost of transportationThe establishment of maquiladoras by United States corporations for the production of electronics components is an example of which of the following?New international division of laborAll of the following statements about worldwide patterns of development are correct EXCEPT:The largest concentration of the least-developed countries in the world today is in Latin America.The United Nations Human Development Index is based on the assumption that a country's developmentIs a function of social, demographic, and economic factorsOn the map above, which one of the following boxes is in an area where the population density is high and the level of economic development is low?CCore-periphery models are generally based on the idea thatsharp spatial contrasts in social and economic development exist between economic heartlands and outlying subordinate areasPer capita GDP is a good indicator of all but which of the following?the distribution of wealth within a countryWhich of the following explains the spatial patterns of economic development for most countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam?Most Southeast Asian countries are considered to be part of the semiperiphery because of the extensive growth of the secondary economic sector.The less developed region with the highest percentage of people living in urban areas isLatin AmericaWhich of the following statements is most consistent with the data shown in the table above?There are a large number of women in the Spanish legislature, but few women have been elected in Kuwait.Which of the following variables has an inverse or negative relationship with the level of economic development of a country?Birth rateWhich of the following explains a significant obstacle to sustainable development in more developed countries?The reliance on fossil energy sources for electric generation and vehicle fuel has depleted resources globally and contributed to atmospheric pollution in cities.The country of Costa Rica has protected 25 percent of its land in the form of national parks or other protected areas. Which of the following best explains the desired effect of Costa Rica's process of land preservation?Costa Rica's national parks and preserved areas are intended to promote international ecotourism and support the country's sustainable local economic development.Which of the following explains a negative effect that can occur in countries that depend on ecotourism as a pathway to sustainable economic development?The development of ecotourism can attract multinational tourism corporations that take their earnings out of the country while attracting tourists who impact the local environment.Which of the following accurately lists in order the regions in the above table corresponding to A, B, C, respectively?sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Latin America and the CaribbeanThe new international division of labor reflects the growing importance ofoutsourcingSpecialty agriculture and timber production have increased the level of development and gross national income (GNI) of Chile's economy through which of the following?Export sales to consumers in the United States, Japan and other foreign marketsWhich of the following best explains a trading relationship between two countries based on comparative advantage?Each country specializes in the type of good for which it has the lower opportunity cost, resulting in a higher global output of both types of goodsWhich of the following variables has a negative or inverse relationship with the level of economic development of a country?Birth rateWhich of the following best explains the relationship between GDP per caita and world systems theory?There is an uneven distribution of economic development and geographical division of labor in the world.Which of the following is the primary geographic effect of the globalization of the economy?Production is shifted to low-cost locations in developing countriesUsing the data in the table, which of the following explains a limitation of using gross national income per capital as the only measure of a country's level of development?A country can have a high level of economic and social development that is not reflected in annual production and trade dataIn the context of industrialization, how does the use of the building materials in Image 1 compare to the use of building materials in Image 2?The development of the metals industry led to the construction of higher and longer bridges, a reduced need for stone as a building material, and rapid industrialization.