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anticoagulants

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Terms in this set (57)

- Unfractionated heparin (UFH)
- Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH)
- Vitamin K antagonist
- Pentasaccharide
- Direct thrombin inhibitor
- Direct Xa inhibitor

Unfractionated heparin (UFH)

LMWH (Low molecular weight heparins)

- Enoxaparin (Lovenox®)
- Dalteparin (Fragmin®)
- Tinzaparin (Innohep®)

LMWH (Low molecular weight heparins)

Enoxaparin (Lovenox®)

LMWH (Low molecular weight heparins)

Dalteparin (Fragmin®)

LMWH (Low molecular weight heparins)

Tinzaparin (Innohep®)

unfractionated heparin

Chemically consist of a variably repeating disaccharide unit ranging in molecular weight from 3-30 kDa. Monitored by aPTT.

Half-life: 1-2 hours
Onset: immediate when used IV
Excretion: non-renal

REVERSAL AGENT: protamine sulfate

protamine sulfate

What is the reversal agent for unfractioned heparin?

LMWH (low molecular weight heparin)

Chemically consists of only short chains of polysaccharides. Administered SQ injection with NO routine monitoring.

Half-life: 3-6 hours
Onset: 3-5 hours
Excretion: renal (10% unchanged)

Antidote- protamine sulfate?

ADRs:
- bleeding: much less with LMWH
- thrombocytopenia
- hypersensitivity reactions

LMWH (low molecular weight heparin)

Advantages:
- predictable dosing/response
- safe outpatient treatment
- less bleeding
- no need for routine lab monitoring

other parenteral anticoagulant

Fondaparinux (Arixtra®)

Fondaparinux (Arixtra®)

- chemically related to LMWHs
- administer by SQ injection
- causes less heparin-induced thrombocytopenia than UFH and LMWH

direct thrombin inhibitor

- direct thrombin inhibitor
- indicated for use in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia who require parenteral antithrombotic therapy
- monitored by aPTT

REVERSAL AGENT: andexanet alpha (AndexXa)