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Unit Idek: Psych

Terms in this set (83)

Disordered Behavior
Characterized as abnormal, maladaptive, unusual to society, and includes perceptual or cognitive disfunction
Psychoanalytic School
Freud hypothesized that the interactions between the conscious and unconscious mind are responsible for a great deal of disordered behavior
Humanistic school
suggests that abnormal behavior is, in part, a result of people being too sensitive to the criticisms and judgments of others
cognitive perspective
Views disordered behavior as a result of faulty or illogical thoughts
behavioral approach
suggests that disordered behavior is learned
biological view
disordered behavior is a result of structural or chemical abnormalities in the brain
sociocultural approach
examines the ways in which social and cultural environments influence behavior
psychoanalytical view
Negative, early childhood trauma or conflicts with the superego cause disordered behavior
Humanistic view
Low self-esteem leads to disordered behavior
DSM-5
Separate notation of important social factors and physical disabilities
Neurodevelopmental disorders
revealed in a clinically significant way during a child's developing years
Intellectual disabilities
characterized by delayed development in general mental abilities
Autism Spectrum Disorder
a neurodevelopmental disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors
ADHD
patterned inattention and hyperactivity impulsivity
Schizophrenia
A psychotic disorder involving distortions in thoughts, perceptions, and/or emotions.
Delusions
false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders
Posotive symptoms
Symptom of schizophrenia that the average person doesn't possess
Negative symptom
Symptom of schizophrenia that is characterized by decreases and absences in certain normal behaviors
Bipolar disorder
severe mood swings between major depressive episodes and manic episodes
depressive disorders
Mood disorders in which the individual suffers from depression—an unrelenting lack of pleasure in life.
panic disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
anxiety disorders
psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
generalized anxiety disorder
an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal
Phobias
irrational fears of specific objects or situations
agoraphobia
An abnormal fear of open or public places
OCD
an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
ptsd
an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience
body dysmorphic disorder
a disorder characterized by the unrealistic perception of physical flaws
Hoarding Disorder
a disorder in which individuals feel compelled to save items and become very distressed if they try to discard them, resulting in an excessive accumulation of items
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Attachment disorder in which a child with disturbed behavior neither seeks out a caregiver nor responds to offers of help from one; fearfulness and sadness are often evident.
adjustment disorder
maladaptive responses to particular stressors
Derealization
situation in which the individual loses a sense of the reality of the external world
Depersonalization
feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body
dissociative identity disorder
A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Also called multiple personality disorder.
somatic symptom disorder
Psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause.
illness anxiety disorder
condition marked by intense preoccupation with the possibility of a serious undiagnosed illness
conversion disorder
involves unexplained symptoms affecting motor or sensory function and is associated with prior trauma
psychogenic
originating in the mind
facitious disorder
A condition in which an individual acts as if he/she has a physical or mental illness when he/she is not really sick. Visible symptoms are self inflicted and the motivation is the patients desire to receive attention and sympathy
anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves
bulimia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
binge eating disorder
significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa
Pica
compulsive eating of nonnutritive substances such as clay or ice
Cluster A
paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
paranoid personality disorder
type of personality disorder characterized by extreme suspiciousness or mistrust of others
schizoid personality disorder
a psychological disorder characterized by little interest or involvement in close relationships, even those with family members
schizotypal personality disorder
Person has several traits that causes interpersonal problems, including inappropriate affect, paranoid/magical thinking, off beliefs
cluster b
antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
antisocial personality disorder
a personality disorder in which a person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist
borderline personality disorder
condition marked by extreme instability in mood, identity, and impulse control
histrionic personality disorder
Strongly desires to be center of attention, and seeks to attract attention through personal appearance and seductive behavior. Dramatic emotional affect with shallow actual emotions, with vague speech
narcissistic personality disorder
characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a preoccupation with fantasies of success or power, and a need for constant attention or admiration
cluster c
avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive
avoidant personality disorder
a personality disorder characterized by inhibition in social situations; feelings of inadequacy; oversensitivity to criticism
dependent personality disorder
A personality disorder characterized by a pattern of clinging and obedience, fear of separation, and an ongoing need to be taken care of.
OCPD
Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency
Axis 1
clinical disorders
Axis 2
personality disorders and mental retardation
Axis 3
general medical conditions
Axis 4
psychosocial and environmental problems
Axis 5
global assessment of functioning: checks severity
insomnia
inability to sleep
Hypersomnia
excessive sleepiness
Transitional sleep disorder
Abnormalities with transcending through the sleep stages and cycles
circadian rhythm sleep disorder
a sleep disturbance resulting in sleepiness or insomnia, caused by the body's inability to synchronize its sleep patterns with the current pattern of day and night
Narcolepsy
uncontrollable sleep attacks
sleep apnea
a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
Restless leg syndrome
uncomfortable sensations in legs causing movement and loss of sleep
Selective Mutism
developmental disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite speaking in other situations
attention deficit disorder
characterized by a short attention span and impulsive behavior that is inappropriate for the child's developmental age
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
A disorder of childhood and adolescence characterized by excessive anger, spite, and stubbornness
seasonal affective disorder
Controversial disorder in which a person experiences depression during winter months and improved mood during spring. Can be treated using phototherapy, using bright light and high levels of negative ions.
manic depression
an affective disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression (extreme up and down states)
post partum depression
depression that occurs after the birth of a child
post partum psychosis
Extreme disruptions of reality following childbirth

Pre-existing conditions aggravated by pregnancy
Pre Frontal Cortex
Mood disorders resulting from chemical balances in the ___________
electic therapy
an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy
lobotomy
The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain
insulin shock therapy
Dangerous biological treatment involving the administration of large doses of insulin to induce seizures.
counter conditioning
a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning
aversion therapy
form of behavioral therapy in which an undesirable behavior is paired with an aversive stimulus to reduce the frequency of the behavior
Albert Ellis
pioneer in Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET), focuses on altering client's patterns of irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive behavior and emotions
Aaron Beck
pioneer in Cognitive Therapy. Suggested negative beliefs cause depression.
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