Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Urinary System

Terms in this set (40)

Afferent Arterioles
The small blood vessels approaching the glomerulus (proximal part of the nephron)
Efferent Arterioles
The small blood vessels exiting the glomerulus. At this point blood has completed its filtration in the glomerulus.
arcuate arteries
small vessels found at the base of the renal pyramids; appear as echogenic structures
Arcuate veins
receives blood that drains from the interlobular veins, and feeds into the interlobar veins
Bowman's capsule
cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the glomerulus and which filtration takes place.
collecting duct
A segment of the nephron that returns water form the filtrate to the bloodstream.
fibrous capsule
a transparent capsule that prevents infections in surrounding regions from spreading to the kidney
glomerulus
A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the nephron and serving as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
hilum
depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
interlobar artery
interlobar vein
juxtaglomerular cells
The cells of the afferent artery at the juxtaglomerular apparatus. They are baroreceptors that secrete renin upon sensing a decrease in blood pressure.
juxtaglomerular complex
consists of specialized cells that secrete renin when glomerular blood pressure decreases
kidney
Filters waste from the blood like urea, water, salt and proteins.
descending loop of henle
reabsorption of water
ascending loop of henle
reabsorbs Na+ and Cl- from the filtrate into the interstitial fluid
macula densa cells
Specialized cells in the ascending limb which monitor the NaCl content of the filtrate entering the DCT
major calyx
The cavity formed by the convergence of several minor calyces, which drain urine from the minor calyxes into the renal pelvis
minor calyx
a cup-shaped extension of the pelvis that encircles the apex of a pyramid
renal Medulla
the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
cortical nephrons
85% of nephrons; almost entirely in cortex
juxtamedullary nephrons
nephrons with well-developed loops of Henle that extend deeply into the renal medulla
renal pelvis
central collecting region in the kidney
peritubular capillaries
The network of tiny blood vessels that surrounds the proximal and distal tubules in the kidney
Pyraminds
Has the nephrons that filter the blood
radiate arteries
radiate veins
renal arteries
The two branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys
renal veins
drain the kidneys
renal columns
Inward extensions of the cortex tissue separating the renal pyramids.
renal corpuscle
glomerulus and bowman's capsule
renal cortex
outer region of the kidney
renal papilla
apex of renal pyramid
trigone
triangular area in the urinary bladder
Urethra
tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Ureters
The tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
urinary bladder
stores urine
vasa recta
the capillary system in the kidney that serves the loop of Henle
proximal convoluted tubules
hollow tubes located between Bowman's capsule and loops of Henle that are involved in reabsorption
distal convoluted tubules
hollow tubes located between the loops of Henle and the collecting tubules that are involved in secretion
Sets found in the same folder