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Bio Chapter 11 Reading Quiz
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Terms in this set (10)
Which of the following is a substance that acts at a long distance from the site at which it is secreted?
hormone
Dioxin, produced as a by-product of various industrial chemical processes, is suspected of contributing to the development of cancer and birth defects in animals and humans. It apparently acts by entering cells by simple diffusion and binding to proteins in the cytoplasm, then altering the pattern of gene expression. Which of the following are likely to be the cytoplasmic proteins to which dioxin binds?
transcription factors
What is the function of receptor tyrosine kinases?
enzymatic phosphorylation of tyrosine in the receptor protein
Which of the following are among the most common second messengers?
calcium ions and cAMP
Which of the following sequences is correct? (see Concept 11.3)
diffusion of a signaling molecule across the plasma membrane → binding of the signaling molecule to its receptor → movement of the signaling molecule-receptor complex into the nucleus → transcription
binding of a growth factor to its receptor → phosphorylation cascade → activation of transcription factor → transcription
binding of a signaling molecule to its receptor → G protein activation → adenylyl cyclase activation → cAMP production → protein kinase activation → cellular response
binding of a signaling molecule to its receptor → G protein activation → phospholipase C activation → IP3 production → increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration
All of the listed choices are correct.
All of the listed choices are correct.
Which of the following statements describes why there are often so many steps between the original signal event and the cell's response?
Each step in a cascade produces a large number of activated products, causing signal amplification as the cascade progresses.
Which of the following statements describes why a signaling molecule can cause different responses in different cells?
The transduction process is unique to each cell type; to respond to a signal, different cells require only a similar membrane receptor.
Which of the following conditions is required for a target organ to respond to a particular hormone?
The target organ must have receptors that recognize and bind the hormone molecule.
Caffeine is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase. Therefore, the cells of a person who has recently consumed coffee would have increased levels of which of the following molecules?
cAMP
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between an enzyme and its function?
GTPase: hydrolysis of GTP
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