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Biology 2 final review

Terms in this set (40)

Which of the following characteristics is common to all known animals?
animals are multicellular
Which of the following characteristics is unique to animals?
nervous system signal conduction
Which of the following organisms is most likely classified as something other than an animal?
choanoflagellate
What is the key difference between a coelom and a pseudocoelom?
Only a coelom is fully lined with mesoderm tissue.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding animal body plans?
the body plans we see now have been evolutionarily advantageous compared to others in the past
The distinction between sponges and other animal phyla is based mainly on the absence versus the presence of
tissues
During embryological development, the anus forms before the mouth in __________.
chordates
Based on the tree in the figure, which statement is true?
Sponges are basal animals.
Which of the following statements is consistent with the phylogeny in the figure?
Porifera are more closely related to Ctenophora than they are to Acoela.
A graduate student finds an organism in a pond and thinks it is a freshwater sponge. A postdoctoral student thinks it looks more like an aquatic fungus. How can they decide whether it is an animal or a fungus?
Look for cell walls under a microscope.
Which of the following structures can be found in the mesohyl of a sponge?
amoebocytes and spicules
What would the presence of a lophophore in a newly discovered species suggest about that organism?
it feeds by trapping food particles suspended in the water
Which of the following characteristics is exhibited by most hydrozoans?
both polyps and medusas form
The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animal kingdom is __________.
Porifera
Which of the following characteristics of parasites explains how parasitism has become so widespread among living organisms?
Parasites do not generally kill their hosts; thus they can feed on the same host throughout the host's normal life span and do not have competition from decomposers
A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share
a mantle
Select the correct statement(s) about invertebrate taxa.
Ectoprocts lack a distinct head.Rotifers are smaller than many protists.Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity.
A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. What other characteristic is most likely present in this organism?
an open circulatory system
Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body?
arthropoda
Which of the following combinations of phylum and description is correct?
Platyhelminthes−−flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, no body cavity
Which of the following groups includes the greatest number of organisms?
gnathostomes
Which of the following structures do vertebrates and tunicates both possess?
a notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord
Vertebrates and tunicates share
a notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord.
Which of following reproductive strategies in mammals involves the mother laying eggs that hatch outside of her body?
oviparous reproduction
Jaws evolved __________.
by modification of the skeletal rods that previously supported the anterior pharyngeal slits
Suppose, while out camping in a forest, you found a chordate with a long, slender, limbless body slithering across the ground near your tent. The organism is most likely ________.
an amphibian
Which of these groups of organisms are amniotes?
turtles
Which of the following characteristics is exhibited by both monotremes and marsupials?
have some embryonic development outside the uterus
Which of the following analyses would best help to determine if a fossil represents a reptile or a mammal?
examine the teeth
Which of the following claims about human evolution is most consistent with current scientific understanding?
Humans and other apes represent divergent lines of evolution from a common ancestor
Many behaviors result from interactions with the environment. Which of the following ultimately modifies all behaviors?
evolution
Which of the following examples describes a behavioral pattern that results from a proximate cause?
A female bird lays its eggs when the length of daylight is greater than 12 hours.
What does the bobbing of a lizard's dewlap (a colorful flap of skin hanging from the lizard's throat) most likely represent?
a signal
Upon returning to its hive, how does a European honeybee communicate to other worker bees the presence of nearby food sources?
they perform a special dance
Animal communication involves what type of sensory input?
visual, auditory, olfactory, and tactile
When does learning have the most influence on behavior?
when making mistakes does not result in death
Listed below are four types of animal behavior. Choose the letter of the phrase (A-D) that is most associated with the following example.A. operant conditioningB. classical conditioningC. innate behaviorD. imprintingA cat runs to its food dish when it hears the sound of a can opener. Which of the following mechanisms results in this behavior?
classical conditioning
Bees can see colors humans cannot see and detect minute amounts of chemicals humans cannot sense. Unlike many insects, bees cannot hear very well. A biologist would probably give which of the following statements as the ultimate explanation for their poor hearing?
Hearing may not contribute much to a bee's reproductive success.
What is generally correct about animals that help other animals of the same species?
they are usually closely related to the other animals
Which of the following would best test the hypothesis that moths stop flying in response to high-intensity bat sounds?
Play recorded high-intensity bat sounds to wild flying moths and record what happens.
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