Homeostasis and Vital Signs

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Common Measures of Vital Signs
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Terms in this set (46)
Common Measures of Vital Signs
temperature, pulse, respirations and blood pressure
blood pressure
measurement of the force applied to the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the body.
Systolic Pressure
pressure at its peak when the heart is contracting (top number)
Diastolic Pressure
pressure at its lowest when the heart is relaxed (bottom number)
Normal blood pressure
120/80
hypertension
a systolic pressure above 140 or a Diastolic above 90
hypotension
a systolic pressure below 100 or a diastolic below 60
pulse
the throbbing cause by the regular contraction and alternate expansion of an artery as the wave of blood passes through the vessel.
Pulse depends on the
gender, age, exertion, bodily position and general health of the individual
a person pulse is about ____ faster when standing than sitting
10-12 beats
a persons temperature and respirations affect their____heart ratethe ___ should not be used to feel the pulse.thumbnormal pulse adult60-80normal pulse child (1yr - 7yr)80-120normal pulse infant110-130tachycardiaheart rate above 100 bpmbradycardiaheart rate less than 60 bpmanoxiaabsence of oxygenapneaabsence of breathingdyspneapain and difficulty breathingtachypneaincrease rate of respirationsbradypneadecrease rate of respirationshypoxiaan abnormally decreased amount of oxygen reaching the body's celleupneanormal breathingCheyne-Stokesfast breathing for a short period of time, followed by apneaHyperventilationrapid deep breaths due to anxiety or panicratethe number of respirations per minuterhythma measure of the pattern of breathingdepththe amount of air taken in and exhaled with each respirationnormal respirations adult12-20 per minutenormal respirations child (1yr-7yr)18-30 per minutenormal respiration infant30-60 per minuteoral temperature98.6F (37C)tympanic temperature98.6Rectal temperature99.6 ( red tip thermometer)Axillary temperature97.6Febrile or Pyrexia meanselevated temperatureHemodynamicsstudy of the pressure, flow, and resistance as they relate to blood flow Common measurements: blood pressureMean arterial blood pressurethe average blood pressure in an individual - average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycleCentral Venous Pressurethe pressure of blood in the thoracic vena cava, near the right atrium of the heart; reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into the arterial systemBlood replacementinvolves administration of whole blood or blood components such as plasma, packed RBCs, or platelets via an IVPotassium is both anelectrolyte and a mineralnormal potassium values3.5-5.0mEq/literNormal glucose levelsup to 100mg/dLGlucose is the primary energy source forhuman and animal cellsGlucose levels are regulated byinsulin and glucagon