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Thermo

Terms in this set (182)

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows
A) from your finger to the ice
B) from the ice to your finger
C) actually, both ways
A
Heat energy travels from an object with a high
A) internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy
B) temperature to an object with a lower temperature
C) Both of these, for they say essentially the say the same thing
D) None of the above choices are true
B
Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied?
A) water
B) iron
C) glass
D) wood
E) all of the above choices are equally true
B
A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a
A) high specific heat
B) low specific heat
C) high conductivity
D) low conductivity
B
The fact that thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates
A) thermal equilibrium
B) energy conservation
C) the difference between heat and internal energy
D) the fact that molecules are constantly moving
A
Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to
A) zero degrees C
B) 4 degrees C
C) minus 32 degrees C
D) none of the above are true. Ice can form at the surface regardless of the water temperature below.
B
Ice tends to form first at the
A) surface of bodies of water
B) bottom of bodies of water
C) surface or bottom depending on the water depth
A
When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes
A) smaller
B) larger
C) neither smaller or larger
D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness
B
As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole
A) increases
B) decreases
C) remains the same
B
When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes
A) smaller
B) larger
C) neither smaller or larger
B
Consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in
A) mass
B) pressure
C) temperature
D) all of these
E) two of these
E
Consider a sample of ice at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is decreased, the volume of the ice
A) increases
B) decreases
C) stays the same
B
Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of
A) iron
B) wood
C) water
D) helium
E) all contract the same
D
Which of the following contracts most when temperature is increased? Equal volumes of
A) iron
B) wood
C) ice water
D) helium
E) none of these contract when heated
C
Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the water
A) increases
B) decreases
C) remains the same
B
Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about
A) 100 K
B) 200 K
C) 300 K
D) 400 K
E) more than 400 K
C
The white hot sparks that strike your skin from a 4th of July type sparkler don't harm you because
A) they have a low temperature
B) the energy per molecule is very low
C) the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark
C
Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have
A) low specific heats
B) high specific heats
C) none of the above
B
The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has
A) a low specific heat
B) a high specific heat
C) no specific heat
A
Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap
A) becomes narrower
B) becomes wider
C) retains its size
B
The lowest temperature possible in nature is
A) 0 degrees C
B) -273 degrees C
C) 4 K
B
A volume of air has a temperature of 0 degrees C. An equal volume of air that is twice as hot has a temperature of
A) 0 degrees C
B) 64 degrees C
C) 100 degrees C
D) 273 degrees C
E) none of the above choices are correct
D
To wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy is
A) possible using a steam engine
B) possible using an atomic reactor
C) possible using a simple machine
D) impossible regardless of the technique used
D
One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is
A) 0 J
B) 40 J
C) 60 J
D) 100 J
E) none of the above choices are correct
B
Suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an eggbeater. The temperature of the eggs will
A) increase
B) decrease
C) remain unchanged
A
Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine
A) increases
B) decreases
C) stays the same
A
When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in
A) its internal energy
B) both temperature and internal energy
C) neither temperature or internal energy
C
When a system does work and no heat is added to the system, it temperature
A) increases
B) decreases
C) remains unchanged
B
Sue's refrigerator is built into the wall of her kitchen, so that it exhausts heat to the outdoors rather than into the room. If Sue tries to cool her kitchen by leaving the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will
A) increase at least slightly
B) decrease at least slightly
C) remain unchanged
B
On a chilly 10 degree C day, your friend who like cold weather, wishes it were twice as cold (half as hot). Taken literally, this temperature would be
A) 10 degrees C
B) 5 degrees C
C) 0 degrees C
D) -131.5 degrees C
E) -141.5 degrees C
D
Consider a steaming aluminum soda pop can that contains a small amount of boiling water. When it is quickly inverted into a bath of cooler water the can is dramatically crushed by atmospheric pressure. This occurs because the pressure inside the can is rapidly reduced by
A) contact with the relatively cool water
B) sudden slowing of the air and steam molecules inside
C) condensation of steam inside
D) reduced internal energy
E) rapid conduction of heat to the relatively cool water
C
Heat energy is measured in units of
A) calories
B) joules
C) both of these
C
The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's
A) high evaporation rate
B) poor conductivity
C) high specific heat
D) vast supply of internal energy
E) absorption of solar energy
C
Ice has a lower density than water because ice
A) molecules are more compact in the solid state
B) is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals
C) sinks
D) molecules vibrate at lower rates than water molecues
B
When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is
A) iron expands more than copper
B) iron gets hotter before copper
C) copper gets hotter before iron
D) copper expands more than iron
D
During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is
A) water expands when freezing
B) the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes apart
C) the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes
D) water contracts when freezing
A
Metals are both good heat conductors and good electrical conductors because of the
A) looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms
B) high elasticity of metals
C) similarity between thermal and electrical conductive properties
D) relatively high densities of metal
E) ability of metals to transfer energy easily
A
Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on your tile floor because your rug
A) is usually warmer than your tile
B) for the same mass has more internal energy than your tile
C) is a better insulator than your tile
C
It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling
A) shows this common knowledge is false
B) supports this common knowledge
B
One of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with
A) mind over matter techniques
B) low thermal conductivity of the coals
C) low temperature of the coals
B
In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of
A) All will have the same average speed at the same temperature
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
B
The reason the sun's radiant energy is of higher frequency than the Earth's is because the sun
A) has a higher temperature than the Earth
B) has much more internal energy
C) is an energy source while the Earth is primarily an energy reciever
A
If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in
A) an igloo
B) a tent
C) a car
A
A good reflector of radiation is
A) good absorber of radiation
B) good emitter of radiation
C) poor absorber of radiation
C
When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature
A) decreases
B) neither increases nor decreases
C) increases
C
Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. If both roads start the night at the same temperature, at the end of a starry night the cooler road surface will be
A) there is no difference
B) the black surface
C) the white surface
B
Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is
A) a warming process
B) a cooling process also
C) neither a warming nor cooling process
A
To say that evaporation is a cooling process is to say that the
A) the less energetic particles escape
B) more energetic particles remain in the water
C) more energetic particles escape
C
When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas
A) absorbs energy
B) both releases and absorbs energy
C) releases energy
D) neither releases nor absorbs energy
C
Boiling water does not increase in temperature when additional heat is applied because
A) added input energy doesn't increase the water's internal energy
B) the increased heating produces increased boiling, and therefore increased cooling
B
To increase the temperature of 50 grams of water by 2 Celsius degrees requires
A) 0.04 calorie
B) 25 calories
C) 2 calories
D) 100 calories
E) 4.18 calories
D
Food cooked in boiling water at a mountain top cooks slower than when cooked at sea level. If the temperature under the pot of boiling water is increased, the food will cook
A) no differently than it did before the increase
B) faster at the mountain top
C) faster at both places
D) faster at sea level
A
A refrigerator
A) changes heat into cold
B) produces cold
C) moves internal energy from inside the refrigerator to outside
D) causes internal energy to disappear
C
On a humid day, water condenses on the outside of a glass of ice water. This phenomenon occurs mainly because of
A) evaporation
B) capillary action
C) the porosity of glass
D) the saturation of cooled air
D
Consider a steaming aluminum soda-pop can that contains a small amount of boiling water. When it is quickly inverted into a bath of cooler water the can is dramatically crushed by atmospheric pressure. This occurs because the pressure inside the can is rapidly reduced by
A) contact with the relatively cool water
B) reduced internal energy
C) condensation of steam inside
D) sudden slowing of the air molecules inside
E) rapid conduction of heat to the relatively cool water
C
Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas freeze at temperatures below zero degrees Celsius (rather than at exactly zero) because
A) the water in them contains dissolved salts and sugars
B) they are very dense
C) they are good radiators of energy
D) they are good absorbers or radiant energy
A
If you run a refrigerator in a closed room with the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will
A) decrease
B) remain unchanged
C) increase
C
During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas,
A) the internal energy of the gas remains constant
B) the temperature of the gas does not change
C) no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas
D) no work is done on the gas
C
A quantity of water has more entropy when it is
A) at room temperature
B) boiling
C) frozen ice
B
If a blob of air is swept upward, with no heat input or output, its temperature
A) remains the same
B) decreases
C) increases
B
The amount of energy ultimately converted to heat by a light bulb is about
A) 100%
B) 30%
C) 60%
D) 15%
E) 45%
A
As a system becomes more disordered, entropy
A) increases
B) decreases
C) remains the same
A
Consider a piece of metal that is at 10 degrees C. If it is heated until it has twice the internal energy, its temperature will be
A) 293 degrees C
B) 20 degrees C
C) 273 degrees C
D) 566 degrees C
A
The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures of 227 degrees C and 27 degrees C is
A) 88%
B) 20%
C) 25%
D) 40%
D
Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has
A) a greater specific heat and more internal energy
B) higher temperatures, but less internal energy
C) more internal energy and higher temperature
D) none of these
B
Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water density
A) greater
B) less
C) no change
B
If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature
A) decreases
B) increases
C) neither of these
A
When water at 4 degrees C is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees C is cooled it
A) contracts
B) expands
C) neither contracts nor expands
B
The temperature at the bottom of Lake Tahoe, high in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, at this moment is
A) above 4 degrees C
B) 4 degrees C
C) below 4 degrees C
D) uncertain
B
If you measure a plot of land with a brass tape on a cold day, the actual amount of land your have will be
A) smaller than measured
B) larger than measured
C) the same
A
At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air?
A) heavier molecules
B) very light molecules
C) all will have equal average speeds
B
An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature is
A) lower than its surroundings
B) higher than its surroundings
C) neither of these
B
The planet Earth loses heat mainly by
A) convection
B) radiation
C) conduction
D) all of these
B
If you double the pressure of an ideal gas while keeping the temperature constant, the average kinetic energy of the molecules
A) increases by more than twice
B) increases by less than twice
C) remains unchanged
D) is doubled
C
Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that are
A) cooling
B) heating
C) both of these
D) none of these
C
Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. At the end of a sunny day the warmer road surface will be
A) the black surface
B) the white surface
C) neither - there is no difference
A
If a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it
A) cools
B) warms
C) neither warms nor cools
A
Double the absolute temperature of helium gas and the average speed of its molecules
A) more than doubles
B) doubles
C) less than doubles
C
A good absorber of radiation is a
A) poor emitter of radiation
B) good emitter of radiation
C) good reflector
D) none of these
B
Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. If both roads start the night at the same temperature, at the end of a starry night the warmer road surface will be
A) there is no difference
B) the black surface
C) the white surface
C
The molecules in a room temperature glass of water jostle around at
A) a very small range of speeds
B) a great variety of speeds
C) much at the same rates of speed
B
Evaporation is a cooling process because
A) conduction and convection
B) the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid
C) heat is radiated during the process
D) the temperature of the remaining liquid decreases
E) none of these
B
A hot dog pants
A) to bring more oxygen into its lungs
B) to impress dogs of the opposite sex
C) to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract
D) for no particular reason - some things just happen
C
When heat is added to boiling water its temperature
A) increases
B) decreases
C) does not change
C
For increased atmospheric pressure, the boiling temperature of a liquid
A) remains at 100 degrees C
B) goes down
C) goes up
C
Water will evaporate quicker if it
A) Choices C, D, and E are all correct
B) one or two of the choices below are not correct
C) is spread out in a thin sheet
D) is preheated to 100 degrees C
E) is surrounded by dry air
A
When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air
A) warms
B) cools
C) neither warms nor cools
A
A block of ice at zero degrees C melts, the ice
A) absorbs energy from its environment
B) absorbs energy and gets warmer
C) releases energy to its environment
D) releases energy and gets warmer
A
A temperature inversion occurs when the upper layers of air are
A) cooler than the lower regions of air
B) warmer than the lower regions of air
C) at the same temperature as lower regions of air
B
To totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat is
A) possible
B) impossible
A
Systems that are left alone, tend to move toward a state of
A) more entropy
B) less entropy
C) no entropy
A
Blow on your hand with your open mouth and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and breath is
A) cooler
B) warmer still
C) neither warmer nor cooler
A
The Earth's atmosphere gets most of its heat
A) near the surface of the Earth
B) at high altitudes closer to the sun
C) from the Earth's core
A
Adiabatic processes occur
A) only in the earth's mantle
B) only in the atmosphere
C) only in the oceans
D) in the atmosphere, oceans and the earth's mantle
D
The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between temperatures of 2700 K and 300 K is
A) 80%
B) 89%
C) 24%
D) 10%
B
At high altitudes, the boiling point of water
A) is lower
B) stays the same
C) is higher
A
Which would burn the most?
A) 100g of water at 100 degrees C
B) 100g of steam at 100 degrees C
C) both would be equally damaging
B
Ice is put in a cooler to cool the food stored there. In order to speed up the cooling process, you should
A) drain ice water from the cooler periodically
B) wrap the ice in newspaper
C) light a small fire under one end, causing air currents to form
D) crush the ice
E) keep the ice and food well seperated
D
The energy needed to melt 27 grams of 0 degree C ice is
A) 27 calories
B) 2700 calories
C) neither of the above
C
When a volume of air is compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will
A) increase
B) remain unchanged
C) decrease
A
Two identical blocks of iron, one at 10 degrees C and the other at 20 degrees C, are put in contact. Suppose the cooler block cools to 5 degrees C and the warmer block warms to 25 degrees C. This would violate the
A) first law of thermodynamics
B) second law of thermodynamics
C) both of the above
D) none of the above
B
Entropy measure
A) temperature as volume increases
B) temperature as pressure increases
C) temperature at constant pressure
D) messiness
E) temperature at constant volume
D
When an ideal gas does positive work on its surroundings, which of the gas's quantities increases?
A) temperature
B) volume
C) pressure
D) internal energy
B
What thermodynamic process for an ideal gas system has an unchanging internal energy and a heat intake that corresponds to the value of the work done by the system?
A) isovolumetric
B) isobaric
C) adiabatic
D) isothermal
D
An ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic process in which it expands and does 20 J of work on its environment. What is the change in the systems internal energy?
A) -20 J
B) -5 J
C) 0 J
D) 20 J
A
Which of the following is a direct cause of a substance's temperature increase?
A) Energy is removed from the particles of the substance
B) Kinetic energy is added to the particles of the substance
C) The number of atoms and molecules in a substance changes
D) The volume of the substance decreases
B
What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0°C to 4°C?
A) It increases.
B) It decreases.
C) It remains constant.
D) It is impossible to determine
A
Which of the following is a form of kinetic energy that occurs within a molecule when the bonds are stretched or bent?
A) translational
B) rotational
C) vibrational
D) internal
C
Which of the following best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?
A) no net energy is exchanged
B) the volumes are equal
C) the masses are equal
D) the velocity is zero
A
As the temperature of a substance increases, its volume tends to increase due to
A) thermal equilibrium
B) thermal energy
C) thermal expansion
D) thermal contraction
C
What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of water and steam at 1 atm of pressure?
A) 0 degrees F
B) 273 K
C) 0 K
D) 100 degrees C
D
A substance registers a temperature change from 20°C to 40°C. To what incremental temperature change does this correspond?
A) 20 K
B) 40 K
C) 36 K
D) 313 K
A
Energy transferred as heat occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in which of the following properties?
A) mass
B) specific heat
C) density
D) temperature
D
Which of the following terms describes a transfer of energy?
A) heat
B) internal energy
C) temperature
D) kinetic energy
A
If energy is transferred from a table to a block of ice moving across the table, which of the following statements is true?
A) The table and the ice are at thermal equilibrium
B) the ice is cooler than the table
C) the ice is no longer 0 degrees C
D) energy is being transferred from the ice to the table
B
What three properties of a substance affect the amount of energy transferred as heat to or from the substance?
A) volume, temperature change, specific heat capacity
B) density, temperature change, specific heat capacity
C) mass, temperature change, specific heat capacity
D) mass, temperature change, latent heat
C
Which of the following is true during a phase change?
A) Temperature increases
B) Temperature remains constant
C) Temperature decreases
D) There is no transfer of energy as heat
B
What accounts for an increase in the temperature of a gas that is kept at constant volume?
A) Energy has been removed as heat from the gas
B) Energy has been added as heat to the gas
C) Energy has been removed as work done by the gas
D) Energy has been added as work done on the gas
B
When an ideal gas does positive work on its surroundings, which of the gas's quantities increases?
A) temperature
B) volume
C) pressure
D) internal energy
B
An ideal gas system is maintained at a constant volume of 4 L. If the pressure is constant, how much work is done by the system?
A) 0 J
B) 5 J
C) 8 J
D) 30 J
A
Air cools as it escapes from a diver's compressed air tank. What kind of process is this?
A) isovolumetric
B) isobaric
C) adiabatic
D) isothermal
C
Which thermodynamic process takes place when work is done on or by the system but no energy is transferred to or from the system as heat?
A) isovolumetric
B) isobaric
C) adiabatic
D) isothermal
C
Which thermodynamic process takes place at a constant temperature so that the internal energy of a system remains unchanged?
A) isovolumetric
B) isobaric
C) adiabatic
D) isothermal
D
Which thermodynamic process takes place at constant volume so that no work is done on or by the system?
A) isovolumetric
B) isobaric
C) adiabatic
D) isothermal
A
In an isovolumetric process for an ideal gas, the system's change in the energy as heat is equivalent to a change in which of the following?
A) temperature
B) volume
C) pressure
D) internal energy
D
During an isovolumetric process, which of the following does not change?
A) temperature
B) volume
C) pressure
D) internal energy
B
Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of
A) iron.
B) wood.
C) ice water.
D) helium.
E) All expand the same.
D
Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of
A) iron.
B) wood.
C) water.
D) helium.
E) All contract the same.
D
Can a sample of water possibly have the same volume after being warmed by several Celsius degrees?
A) sometimes
B) always
C) never
A
Pour a liter of water at 40 degrees C into a liter of water at 20 degrees C and the final temperature of the two becomes
A) less than 30 degrees C.
B) at or about 30 degrees C.
C) more than 30 degrees C.
B
On a very hot day the pendulum on a clock swings to and fro
A) more frequently.
B) less frequently.
C) at the same rate.
B
If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be
A) more likely to freeze.
B) less likely to freeze.
C) neither more nor less likely to freeze.
A
As a system becomes more disordered, entropy
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains the same.
A
The higher the temperature of an object, the
A) shorter the wavelengths it radiates.
B) longer the wavelengths it radiates.
A
Objects that radiate relatively well,
A) Absorb radiation relatively well
B) reflect radiation relatively well
C) Both of these
D) neither of these
A
A substance can absorb heat energy by the process of
A) conduction
B) radiation
C) convection
D) all of these
D
Hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a
A) black pot.
B) silver pot.
C) depends more on the size of the pots than their color
A
A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire. This is because
A) the inside of the paper is wet.
B) water is an excellent conductor of heat.
C) the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.
D) paper is a poor conductor of heat.
C
The silver coating on the glass surfaces of a Thermos bottle reduces energy that is transferred by
A) conduction.
B) radiation.
C) friction.
D) convection.
E) none of these
B
The reason the Sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the earth's is because the Sun
A) has a higher temperature than the earth.
B) is an energy source while the earth is primarily an energy receiver.
C) has much more thermal energy.
D) all of these
E) none of these
A
Suppose you are served coffee at a restaurant before you are ready to drink it. In order for it to be the hottest
when you are ready for it, you should add cream
A) right away.
B) at any time.
C) when you are ready to drink the coffee.
A
Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the
A) increased thermal energy in the water.
B) greater rate of bubble formation in the water.
C) higher temperature.
D) all of these
E) none of these
C
When a gas is changed to a liquid phase, the gas
A) releases energy.
B) absorbs energy.
C) neither releases nor absorbs energy
A
Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1 degree C requires
A) 1 calorie.
B) 50 calories.
C) none of these
B
C
At high altitudes, the boiling point of water __________.
A) stays the same. B) is higher. C) is lower.
D
As atmospheric pressure increases, the boiling temperature of a liquid __________.
A) remains unchanged. B) decreases. C) is 100 degrees D) increases.
D
Clouds form when warm air __________.
A) expands. B) chills. C) rises. D) all of the above E) none of the above
B
A liquid boils when __________.
A) trapped air in the liquid is heated. B) it turns to vapor at the bottom of or in the liquid. C) trapped air in the liquid rises to the surface. D) air molecules form a bubble and rise. E) all of the above
B
When water freezes, it __________.
A) neither gives off nor absorbs energy. B) gives off energy. C) absorbs energy.
B
Condensation occurs when matter changes from a __________.
A) gas to a solid. B) gas to a liquid. C) solid to a gas. D) liquid to a gas. E) solid to a liquid.
B
Morning dew on the grass is a result of __________.
A) air pressure on water vapor. B) slow-moving molecules condensing on the grass. C) the open-structured form of water crystals. D) evaporation of water. E) none of the above
C
Melting snow __________.
A) warms the surrounding air. B) neither warms nor cools the surrounding air. C) cools the surrounding air.
B
When heat is added to boiling water, the temperature of the boiling water__________.
A) increases. B) stays the same. C) decreases.
C
Freezing occurs when matter changes from a __________.
A) solid to a gas. B) gas to a solid. C) liquid to a solid. D) liquid to a gas. E) solid to a liquid.
E
Evaporation takes place when matter changes from a __________.
A) solid to a gas. B) solid to a liquid. C) gas to a liquid. D) gas to a solid. E) liquid to a gas.
B
How much energy is released when 1 gram of steam condenses to water at 100 degrees C?
A) 50 calories B) 540 calories C) 80 calories D) 1 calorie E) 100 calories
A
Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is __________.
A) a warming process. B) neither a warming nor a cooling process. C) a cooling process also.
C
When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the window becomes __________.
A) slightly cooler. B) neither warmer nor cooler. C) slightly warmer.
C
When a volume of air compresses and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will __________.
A) remain unchanged. B) decrease. C) increase.
A
The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and output reservoir for a heat engine, the __________.
A) greater the efficiency. B) less the efficiency. C) neither -- efficiency doesn't depend on temperature difference.
B
The lowest possible temperature in nature is __________.
A) 4 K. B) -273 degrees C. C) 0 degrees C.
B
Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine __________.
A) stays the same. B) increases. C) decreases.
C
When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be a increase in its __________.
A) internal energy. B) temperature. C) both of these D) neither of these
B
Pull a closed plastic bag of dry air quickly down from a high elevation and the bag of air is __________.
A) cooler. B) hotter. C) neither
C
As a system becomes more disordered, entropy __________.
A) decreases. B) remains the same. C) increases.
A
When work is done by a system and no heat is added to it, the temperature of the system __________.
A) decreases. B) remains unchanged. C) increases.
C
Systems that are left alone tend to move toward a state of __________.
A) no entropy. B) less entropy. C) more entropy.
False
The three common phases of matter are mass, density, and volume.
True
Air is saturated with water when it contains as much water vapor as it can.
False
The process of changing from a liquid to a gas is condensation.
False
The process of changing from a liquid state to a solid state is condensation.
True
It is possible for a thin wire suspended between heavy weights to pass through a block of ice.
False
The process of changing from a gas to a liquid is evaporation.
True
When steam changes to water at 100 degrees Celsius, energy is released.
False
When ice changes to water at 0 degrees Celsius, energy is released.
False
If the internal energy of a volume of air at 10 degree C is doubled, its temperature will then be 20 degrees C.
True
When work is done by a system on something else, the temperature of the system decreases.
False
It is possible to wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy.
True
Systems left alone tend to move to a state of greater entropy.
False
If all the friction could be eliminated in a heat engine, its efficiency would be 100%.
True
Whenever heat is added to a system, it transforms to an equal amount of some other form of energy.
True
It is possible to totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat.
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