Exam 1

A full-thickness burn is commonly known as a first degree burn.

a. true
b. false
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Terms in this set (44)
A full-thickness burn is commonly known as a first degree burn.

a. true
b. false
b. false
Capillary permeability increases during inflammation.

a. true
b. false
a. true
According to the American Burn Association, the first concern for a moderate burn is to remove the source of burn and/or stop the burning process.

a. true
b. false
a. true
Inflammation lowers C-reactive protein levels.

a. true
b. false
b. false
A prognosis can include changes in quality of life and rate of death associated with a disease.

a. true
b. false
a. true
Neutrophils are the dominant immune cells in tissues experiencing chronic inflammation.

a. true
b. false
b. false
Erythema is a cardinal sign of local acute inflammation.

a. true
b. false
a. true
All forms of membrane transport require energy.

a. true
b. false
b. false
What is phagocytosis?

a. cellular eating (including other cells)
b. cell death due to membrane failure
c. cell crawling
d. cell-to-cell communication
a. cellular eating (including other cells)
What is chemotaxis?

a. the ability of a cell to adhere to a surface
b. cell movement directed by a varying chemical concentration
c. cell replication following a chemical stimulus
d. cell death and tissue damage as a result of toxic chemical exposure
b. cell movement directed by a varying chemical concentration
Common causes for cell injury and death include _____________. a. toxins b. infections c. physical injury and serum deficient injury d. all of the aboved. all of the aboveWhat is ablation? a. a medical procedure to examine cell features b. a medical procedure used to implant cells c. a medical procedure to remove cells d. a medical procedure to stimulate cell growth in an areac. a medical procedure to remove cellsChanges in cell type and arrangement are seen during __________________. a. atrophy b. hyperplasia c. hypertrophy d. metaplasiad. metaplasiaThe term active immunity refers to immunity ___________________. a. against the body's own tissues b. after a microorganism exposure or vaccination c. after antibody transfer through the placenta, breastmilk, or medical procedure d. that is non-specific with each exposureb. after a microorganism exposure or vaccinationAn individual with adaptive immunity to a pathogen will _____________ if there is a second exposure. a. produce antibodies more quickly b. produce more antibodies c. produce a highly variable set of antibodies d. both A and B are correctd. both A and B are correctWhat is diapedesis? a. a mechanical injury to a cell b. a chemical injury to a cell c. cell movement across an endothelial layer d. depletion of ATP in a cellc. cell movement across an endothelial layerWhat is cell differentiation? a. cell movement b. secretion of a cell signal c. permanent changes in cell features and behavior d. controlled cell deathc. permanent changes in cell features and behaviorWhat is endocytosis? a. cell ingestion using a vesicle b. destruction of an infected cell by a cytotoxic T cello c. massive release of chemical-containing granules d. the encapsulation of microorganisms that cannot be cleared from an areaa. cell ingestion using a vesicleWhy is viral latency important during viral infection? a. viral latency increases the number of viral proteins placed on a cell surface b. viral latency increases the time that a virus may go undetected inside a host cell c. infected cells release viruses during latency d. viral latency is the movement of released viruses to new target cellsb. viral latency increases the time that a virus may go undetected inside a host cellEpithelioid cells contribute to the formation of ______________. a. ulcers b. keloids c. granulomas d. blood vesselsc. granulomasWhat is pathogenesis? a. a transition in a microorganism that leads to pathogenecity b. the steps for transmission of a disease between individuals c. the steps from etiology through the appearance of disease manifestations d. the steps in a treatment to resolve a disease condition or halt progressionc. the steps from etiology through the appearance of disease manifestationsInflammation is considered the ____________ line of defense for the human body. a. first b. second c. third d. none of the aboveb. secondAngiogenesis refers to the generation of _______________________. a. scar tissue b. collagen c. additional blood vessels c. an autoimmune responsec. additional blood vesselsWhat are symptoms of a disease? a. any early manifestations of a disease b. disease manifestations that can be observed or measured c. disease manifestations perceived and reported by a patient d. any change in the body after tissue damage occursc. disease manifestations perceived and reported by a patientLymphocytes are the cells responsible for _________________. a. inflammation b. innate immunity c. adaptive immunity d. tissue repairc. adaptive immunityWhat is clonal expansion? a. replication of one B or T cell into effector and memory cells b. maturation of monocytes into macrophages c. widespread infection of a bacterial pathogen d. successful growth of cells in a surgical grafta. replication of one B or T cell into effector and memory cellsWhat cell type releases antibodies? a. macrophage b. plasma cell c. neutrophil d. all of the aboveb. plasma cellWhat is an example of a gradient? a. a difference in chemical concentration between two areas b. net movement toward an area of low concentration c. net movement toward an area of high concentration d. two or more chemicals present in a water-based solutiona. a difference in chemical concentration between two areasHuman immunodeficiency viruses infect _______________ cells. a. cytotoxic T b. helper T c. memory B d. basophilb. helper TWhat plasma-based system has a primary role in the destruction of invading microorganisms? a. complement system b. clotting system c. kinin system d. none of the abovea. complement systemWhat is an antigen? a. a structure that can be recognized by an antibody or can trigger an immune response b. a T lymphocyte activated to attack a pathogen c. a B lymphocyte activated to attack a pathogen d. an antibody circulating in blood plasmaa. a structure that can be recognized by an antibody or can trigger an immune responseWhat is opsonization? a. actions that target bacteria for immune system attack b. dilation of a vessel as a result of chemical signaling c. formation of a clot to seal a damaged vessel d. moving out of a homeostatic rangea. actions that target bacteria for immune system attack______________ focuses on early detection and treatment to resolve a condition. a. primary prevention b. secondary prevention c. tertiary prevention d. quaternary preventionb. secondary preventionWhat is provisional matrix? a. a healing tissue type that forms before granulation tissue b. a graft that stimulates tissue regrowth in the surrounding area c. an artificial mechanical scaffold that can close a wound d. a tissue grown from transplanted stem cellsa. a healing tissue type that forms before granulation tissueInflammatory mediators can be released by __________________. a. endothelial cells b. platelets c. mast cells d. all of the aboved. all of the aboveDuring osmosis, water moves to areas of __________________. a. high salt/electrolyte concentration b. high sugar concentration c. high solute concentration d. all of the aboved. all of the aboveWhat is primary intention? a. an event that causes tissue damage b. the initial entry of a microorganism into the body c. healing of small wound with close edges d. the increase in antibody production after lymphocyte activationc. healing of small wounds with close edgesWhat is a pannus? a. restrictive granulation tissue that forms in a synovial joint b. an accumulation of dead cells and dried exudate present after a burn c. an opening in a sinus that can become blocked which can lead to inflammation d. a cell structure that can degrade damaged or misfold proteinsa. restrictive granulation tissue that forms in a synovial jointWhen does lactic acid fermentation occur in skeletal muscle cells? a. when glucose is depleted b. when aerobic cellular respiration alone is insufficient to meet energy needs c. when oxygen levels are low d. when ATP levels are too high due to resting cell metabolismc. when oxygen levels are lowAllergies are ___________ conditions. a. autoimmune b. hypersensitivity c. alloimmune d. all of the aboveb. hypersensitivityPrimary cardiac hypertrophy is commonly the result of ___________. a. an inherited autosomal-dominant gene b. an increase in ventricle workload c. overproduction of growth hormone d. impaired electrical stimulationa. an inherited autosomal-dominant geneWhat is pyrexia? a. increased intracellular fluid b. increased extracellular fluid c. increased blood flow to an area d. elevated body temperatured. elevated body temperatureWhat is another name for antigen-presenting cell? a. dendritic cell b. B cell c. T cell d. natural killer cella. dendritic cellA germline cell will go through ____________ to produce gametes (reproductive cells). a. mitosis b. meiosis c. budding d. both A and B are correctb. meiosis