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Corrections Final

Terms in this set (66)

Aside from physical injury, an attack by an inmate on an officer can later compromise an officer s:
a. reliability
b. integrity
c. AUTHORITY
d. power
Chris is an inmate in a maximum-security prison. He received a verbal reprimand for not keeping his cell clean. Two days later, he was found in possession of two cartons of cigarettes, which are contraband in the prison. The discipline committee sanctioned Chris by placing him in the hole for 60 days. Upon his release from the hole , he was placed in a special unit for his safety as it was believed by the other inmates that Chris snitched and told prison staff who was smuggling the cigarettes into the prison. After his release from the hole , Chris was placed where?
a. PROTECTIVE CUSTODY
b. administrative segregation
c. minimum security
d. boot camp
The most common form of prison violence in America is:
a. prisoner officer violence
b. officer prisoner violence
c. PRISONER PRISONER VIOLENCE
d. officer officer violence
The organizational structure of correctional institutions has changed very little over time.
FALSE
Serious violations can earn prisoners this item, a disciplinary report forwarded to a higher authority for action.
a. reprimand
b. warning
c. TICKET
d. receipt
Which of the following is NOT one of the warden's duties?
a. administering safety and security operations
b. managing human resources
c. managing the budget
d. SUPERVISING INMATES
Most states do not require correctional officer cadets to complete any training program.
FALSE
For many victims of prison violence, this is the only way to escape further abuse:
a. fighting back
b. death
c. (not this one) joining a gang
d. protective custody
Which of the following is something prison managers CAN do?
a. extend a client s sentence
b. (not this one) select their clients
c. release clients
d. discipline clients
Correctional officers often rely on these two things to gain cooperation.
a. promises; fear
b. REWARDS; PUNISHMENTS
c. confinement; force
d. fear; confinement
Jesse James is the warden of a prison. His philosophy allows staff to tolerate minor infractions and allow inmate leadership. Inmates who cooperate typically receive more time in yard and their preferred work assignment. Correctional officers grant and deny privileges to gain compliance of the inmates. What philosophy does Warden James exercise?
a. inmate control theory
b. officer control theory
c. officer balance theory
d. INMATE BLANCE THEORY
Sue Smith began her career in corrections working in a cell block of a high-security prison. After five years, she became a training officer. Six years later, she was promoted to a position where she headed the education program for the prison. Seven years later, she was again promoted to her current position of overseeing all the operations of the prison. When Sue Smith was working as a training officer, she was considered what?
a. staff personnel
b. warden
c. (not this one) commissioner
d. correctional officer
These are central to prisoner management as correctional officers cannot have total control over the inmates:
a. (not this one) sanctions
b. regulations
c. negotiations
d. custodial policies
Which of the following is a tactic for reducing prison violence by dividing facilities into small, self-contained, semiautonomous institutions ?
a. pod management
b. small group management
c. institution management
d. UNIT MANAGEMENT
This power is a way of gaining compliance in exchange for material resources:
a. normative
b. coercive
c. formal
d. REMUNERATIVE
Use of force is the most effective way for officers to get prisoners to comply with prison rules and regulations.
FALSE
This is a management principle holding that a supervisor can effectively oversee only a limited number of subordinates:
a. unity of command
b. SPAN OF CONTROL
c. Chain of command
d. hierarchical command
The purpose of THIS is to punish offenders fairly and justly through lengths of confinement proportionate to the gravity of the offense.
a. (not this one) warehouse
b. imprisonment
c. security
d. retribution
Which of the following terms is BEST described as the ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards?
a. NORMATIVE POWER
b. coercive power
c. formal power
d. remunerative power
A correctional officer is an example of staff personnel.
FALSE
Sue Smith began her career in corrections working in a cell block of a high-security prison. After five years, she became a training officer. Six years later, she was promoted to a position where she headed the education program for the prison. Seven years later, she was again promoted to her current position of overseeing all the operations of the prison. When Sue Smith was overseeing the education program for the prison, what position was she in?
a. correctional officer
b. commissioner
c. DEPUTY WARDEN
d. line staff
What category of personnel comprises the majority of an institution s employees?
a. program
b. CUSTODIAL
c. professional
d. support
According to the text, which of the following is NOT part of a cadet s preservice training?
a. FIELD TRAINING
b. inmate manipulation
c. report writing
d. communicable diseases
Prison disorder, including riots, staff murders, escapes, and inmate homicides, is proportionately rarer today than in past.
TRUE
This theory states that prison disorder results from unstable, divided, or otherwise weak management:
a. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL
b. officer balance
c. prisoner control
d. inmate balance
This type of power stresses the application or threat of physical force in order to gain compliance:
a. normative
b. COERCIVE
c. formal
d. remunerative
All prisons in the United States have the same testing services for HIV.
FALSE
Most states define inmates over THIS age as elderly:
a. 50
b. 55 (this one)
c. 60
d. 65
Mental illness does not differ by race, age, or gender.
FALSE
Long-term offenders have no access to programs while in prison.
FALSE
Because it is commonly recognized that prisons house significant numbers of HIV-infected persons due to the high- risk behaviors practiced by some offenders, medical testing and treatment for HIV are standard procedures in all U.S. prisons.
FALSE
Which program helps offenders recognize problem situations and the types of thoughts and feelings that lead to problematic anger?
a. (not this one) thinking errors
b. impact of crime I & II
c. Anger management phase II
d. Anger management Phase I
Some state correction systems have developed separate housing and special programs for incarcerated veterans.
FALSE
Which of the following is NOT one of the indicators of PTSD?
a. SEXUALLY VIOLENT BEHAVIOR
b. tension, agitation, or hypervigilance
c. panic attacks
d. sleep disturbance
Mental illness is more likely among offenders convicted of ____ offenses and less likely among those convicted of ____ offenses.
a. drug; violent
b. VIOLENT; DRUG
c. drug; property
d. property; drug
Geriatric offenders pose a challenge for corrections because they require special considerations regarding all of the following EXCEPT:
a. housing needs
b. medical needs
c. VISITATION NEEDS
d. programming needs
The effectiveness of corrections is usually measured by:
a. crime rates
b. RATES OF RECIDIVISM
c. probation rates
d. uniform crime reports
Austin and Abby were incarcerated for 10 years for a crime they committed at the age of 18. At the age of 50, the conviction was removed from Austin s record per court order. The governor also excused Abby s offense. How was the conviction removed from Austin s record?
a. EXPUNGEMENT
b. expiration
c. decay
d. dissolvement
Which of the following is NOT one of the major release criteria considered for a potential parolee?
a. prior criminal record
b. history of community adjustment
c. adequacy of parole plan
d. CREDIT AND DRIVING RECORDS
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of parole?
a. release is tied to an elusive treatment success
b. PAROLE INCREASES THE COSTS OF CORRECTIONS
c. Parole boards are abusing their discretion
d. inmates were being held in suspended animation
Eligibility for an appearance before the parole board is a function of all the following items EXCEPT:
a. an inmate s conduct before prison
b. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
c. statutory criteria
d. the individual sentence
Prior criminal record is not a criteria parole boards consider.
FALSE
Historically, few changes have been made in the way offenders are released from prison.
FALSE
Parole officers do not help offenders readjust to the community.
FALSE
Restrictions that parolees must legally obey after being released are referred to as:
a. exiting guidelines
b. CONDITIONS OF RELEASE
c. parole regulations
d. post release policy
Austin and Abby were incarcerated for 10 years for a crime they committed at the age of 18. At the age of 50, the conviction was removed from Austin s record per court order. The governor also excused Abby's offense. What was granted that excused Abby from her offense?
a. PARDON
b. parole
c. probation
d. pass
Which of the following is NOT part of the three principal tests under the Eighth Amendment to determine whether conditions are unconstitutional?
a. whether the punishemtn shocks the general conscience of a civilized society
b. whether the punishment is unnecessarily cruel
c. WHETHER THE INMATES ARE SATISFIED WITH THE CONDITIONS
d. whether the punishment goes beyond legitimate penal aims
Inmate Ness filed a suit alleging her constitutional rights were violated because she was only given one choice of shoes to wear while in prison. She stated this was a violation of her rights because the shoes did not fit and caused her to be in great pain. She also claimed that she received a ticket for taking the shoes off and walking around in her socks. A committee at the institution determined inmate Ness s rights were not violated. Inmate Ness was not satisfied with this and demanded a third party become involved. What right is inmate Ness alleging is being violated?
a. 8TH AMENDMENT
b. 14th amendment
c. 5th amendment
d. 1st amendment
With respect to inmate grievances, it is believed that the most difficult type of situation to resolve is:
a. inmate possession of a weapon
b. inmate-on-inmate rape
c. inmate possession of drugs
d. BRUTALITY BY A GUARD
Which of the following was not one of the justifications for the hands-off policy by the courts?
a. the belief that prisoners did not have rights
b. THE BELIEF THAT THE U.S. CONGRESS WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR PRISONER RIGHTS
c. the belief that the separation of powers among the three branches of government prevented them from interfering in the operations of any executive agency
d. the belief that because they were not penologists, their intervention in the internal administration of prisons
e. could disrupt discipline
Inmate Ace is planning to file a lawsuit alleging correctional officers violated his constitutional rights while in prison by searching his cell without being present. Kim was assigned to investigate the allegations and Jake was assigned to assist inmate Ace with his efforts. What is Jake's role in the above scenario?
a. legal assistance
b. (not this one) OMBUDSMAN
c. judge
d. special investigator
An ombudsman is a public official who investigates complaints against government officials and recommends corrective measures.
TRUE
A judicial order asking correctional officials to produce the prisoner and to give reasons to justify continued confinement is called a writ of:
a. actus Reus
b. HABEAS CORPUS
c. corpus delicti
d. Lex talionis
Inmate Ness filed a suit alleging her constitutional rights were violated because she was only given one choice of shoes to wear while in prison. She stated this was a violation of her rights because the shoes did not fit and caused her to be in great pain. She also claimed that she received a ticket for taking the shoes off and walking around in her socks. A committee at the institution determined inmate Ness s rights were not violated. Inmate Ness was not satisfied with this and demanded a third party become involved. What process is Inmate Ness initiating?
a. INMATE-GRIEVANCE PROCESS
b. habeas corpus process
c. ombudsman process
d. appeal process
Which of the following is NOT one of the foundations that support the legal rights of individuals under correctional supervision?
a. statutes
b. regulations
c. case law
d. INSTITUTIONAL CODES
The courts have recognized all of the following specific interests as justifying some restrictions on the constitutional rights of prisoners, except:
a. the maintenance of institutional order
b. the maintenance of institutional security
c. the rehabilitation of inmates
d. THE CARRYING OUT OF RETRIBUTIVE PUNISHMENT TO DETER FUTURE CRIMINAL ACTS
Over one in three African American men in their _______ is currently under some form of correctional control.
a. late teens
b. TWENTIES
c. thirties
d. forties
An example of techno-corrections is:
a. ELECTONIC MONITORING
b. risk assessment
c. random field trial
d. bail evaluation
Which of the following is NOT one of the three most frequently cited pressures that have left the correctional system in its current unstable form?
a. political
b. MORAL
c. economic
d. social
An example of a failed correctional method is group treatment.
TRUE
These types of evidence-based initiatives are programs that identify the key risk factors for offending and implement prevention methods in an attempt to counteract them before they occur.
a. offense-focused
b. RISK-FOCUSED
c. offender-focused
d. treatment-focused
More African American men are currently imprisoned than attend colleges and universities.
TRUE
Which of the following is NOT one of the challenges the future of corrections faces?
a. reinvigorating a new correctional leadership
b. DETERMINING HOW TO MAKE PUNISHEMNT HARSHER
c. refocusing our investments in what works
d. reclaiming the moral and ethical high road
The rate of returning prisoners from probation or parole violations varies greatly by state.
TRUE
According to the text, the U.S. correctional system today is far more ________ than it has been for a long time, maybe forever.
a. PUNITIVE
b. lenient
c. disorganized
d. structured
Which of the following is NOT one of the core concerns of corrections?
a. mission
b. BENEFITS
c. methods
d. personnel
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