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Pediatrics Final Exam

Terms in this set (81)

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease that results in the body's ability to metabolize
a. glucose
b. thyroxine
c. phenylketones
d. phenylalanine
d. phenylalanine
The nurse observes that a 2-year-old is able to use a spoon steadily at mealtime. What does self-feeding help develop in a toddler?
a. Good nutrition
b. Adequate height and weight
c. a sense of independence
d. healthy teeth
c. a sense of independence
What activity would the nurse choose to meet Erikson's developmental task of industry when caring for a 7-year-old?
a. Coloring a picture in a coloring book
b. Completing a 20-piece jigsaw puzzle
c. Looking at a comic book
d. Playing a game of "I Spy" with the nurse
b. Completing a 20-piece jigsaw puzzle
The nurse discusses child-proofing the home for safety with the mother of a 9-month-old. Which statement made by the mother would indicate an unsafe behavior?
a. "I put covers on all of the electrical outlets."
b. "In the car, she rides in a front-facing car seat."
c. "I have a gate at the top and bottom of the stairs."
d. "There are locks on all of the cabinets of the house."
b. "In the car, she rides in a front-facing car seat."
A parent is concerned because her infant has. diaper rash. What is the best action the nurse would advise the parent to implement?
a. Change the infant's diaper less frequently.
b. Keep the diaper area covered all of the time.
c. Apply Zinc oxide and Vitamin A+D on the area.
d. Use commercial diaper wipes to clean the area.
c. Apply Zinc oxide and Vitamin A+D on the area.
Parents of a 6-month-old infant ask the nurse why it is necessary to offer iron-rich formula to their child. What is the correct response?
a. "The infant has ineffective digestive enzymes."
b. "The infant has need of the iron to support dentition."
c. "The infant has limited ability to produce red blood cells."
d. "The infant has exhausted maternal iron stores."
d. "The infant has exhausted maternal iron stores."
The nurse is assessing a 1-year-old infant in the pediatric office. What finding should the nurse report to the physician immediately?
a. Minimal verbalization
b. Respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute
c. Pulse rate of 100 beats per minute
d. Fussy behavior
b. Respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute
What could the nurse recommend to a child's mother to encourage a toddler to practice independence?
a. Offer him a choice between two items.
b. Set the routine herself, but discuss with her toddler how he or she would have done it differently.
c. Allow the child to determine his own daily routine.
d. Offer a variety of items to choose from to stimulate his mind.
a. Offer him a choice between two items.
On a home visit, the nurse notes that the parents require teaching intervention to protect the 15-month-old child who lives there. What observation would lead the nurse to this conclusion?
a. The fireplace has a screen.
b. The dining room table has a tablecloth on it.
c. The kitchen floor is clean but not shiny.
d. There are paintings on the wall.
b. The dining room table has a tablecloth on it.
What does the nurse consider as an appropriate snack for a 2-year-old child?
a. popcorn
b. grapes
c. applesauce
d. hot dog sections
c. applesauce
The parent of a toddler tells the nurse, "My daughter's appetite has decreased. Thank goodness she loves to drink milk." What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
a. "Has your daughter been sick recently?"
b. "Have you tried offering her finger foods?"
c. "How much milk does she drink in a day?"
d. "Has she become a fussy eater, too?"
c. "How much milk does she drink in a day?"
The nurse is educating a group of preschool parents about the importance of safety. Which statement by a parent indicates the need for further education?
a. "My stairway is always free of clutter."
b. "Medications are kept in a locked cabinet."
c. "I only leave my child in the car for brief moments."
d. "I continue to provide a great deal of indirect supervision for my child."
c. "I only leave my child in the car for brief moments."
The nurse is advising the parents of a 10-year-old boy about the most developmentally supportive experiences for their son. What is the best experience for this child according to Erikson's theory?
a. Constant variety of activities
b. Feeling healthy and strong
c. Having a girlfriend
d. Successful performance in the Little League
d. Successful performance in the Little League
Which finding would be considered abnormal when performing a physical assessment on a 6-month-old infant?
a. Anterior fontanel is closed
b. Low incisors have begun to erupt
c. Birth weight has doubled
d. Posterior fontanel is closed
a. Anterior fontanel is closed
Which stage of cognitive development is a 9-year-old child in according to Piaget?
a. Concrete operations
b. Sensorimotor
c. Preoperational
d. Formal operations
a. Concrete operations
The nurse is planning a safety program for high school students. To what will the nurse relay that most accidental deaths in adolescence are related?
a. Automobiles
b. Drowning
c. Firearms
d. Diving injuries
a. Automobiles
The nurse is checking for capillary refill on a school aged kid in Brant's traction. How long does it take for the toe to regain color if adequate perfusion is assessed?
a. 5 seconds
b. 4 seconds
c. 6 seconds
d. 3 seconds
d. 3 seconds
The home health nurse discovers a family infected with pediculosis. What information can the nurse provide to the mother to start eradication of the lice?
a. Apply a soda-vinegar solution to the hair.
b. Comb through the hair with a NIX shampoo.
c. Cover the hair with Vaseline.
d. Shampoo the hair with dish detergent.
b. Comb through the hair with a NIX shampoo.
A 2-year-old child's mother is worried that her little girl may have ADHD because "she has so much energy, doesn't pay attention for long, and is always getting into things." Which response is best?
a. "I'd suggest taking her to a child psychologist. She probably needs and evaluation."
b. "Keep her intake of sugar to a minimum. This will help her settle down."
c. "Her behavior is normal. She's exploring and learning about the world around her."
d. "She the time-out for her."
c. "Her behavior is normal. She's exploring and learning about the world around her."
The mother of a 12 month old infant expresses concern about the effect of frequent thumb sucking on her child's teeth. After the nurse educates her about this matter, which response by the mother indicates that the education has been effective?
a. I'll wrap the thumb in a bandage.
b. Thumb sucking should be discouraged at 12 months.
c. I'll give the baby a pacifier instead.
d. Sucking is soothing to the baby.
d. Sucking is soothing to the baby.
Which developmental milestones would the nurse expect a 10 month infant to display during a routine health maintenance visit? Select all that apply.
a. Hold his head up
b. Demonstrating good bowel and bladder control
c. Sitting on a firm surface without support
d. Walking alone
e. Self-feeding
a. Hold his head up
c. Sitting on a firm surface without support
The mother of a 6-month-old infant with atopic dermatitis asks for advice on bathing the child. Which instructions or information should the nurse give to her?
a. Bathe the infant twice daily
b. Bathe the infant every other day
c. The frequency of the infant's baths isn't important in atopic dermatitis
d. Use bubble baths to decrease itching
b. Bathe the infant every other day
When caring for their infant, a parent asks you, "Is Emily in a lot of pain? How would you know since she can't really tell you?" The best answer to this question is
a. "Infants don't feel pain as we do because their pain receptors are not fully developed yet."
b. "We assess her pain using an infant pain assessment tool and give the medicine as needed."
c. "Although we try to give her medicine before she feels pain, we watch her very closely and use different techniques to help relieve the pain."
d. "The nurses give pain medication before she really feels the pain."
c. "Although we try to give her medicine before she feels pain, we watch her very closely and use different techniques to help relieve the pain."
Pain scales for infants and their uses include but are not limited to
a. Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (NPASS) for infants from 3 to 6 months old
b. FLACC Pain Assessment Tool: Facial expression, leg movement, activity, cry, and consolability
c. CRIES: Crying, Requiring increased oxygen, Inability to console, Expression, and Sleeplessness
d. Non-communicating Children's Pain Checklist (NCCPC). Parent and healthcare giver questionnaire assessing acute and chronic pain.
b. FLACC Pain Assessment Tool: Facial expression, leg movement, activity, cry, and consolability
When teaching a 6 year old child with sickle cell disease and his family about pain management, which of the following should the nurse discuss?
a. long term medication use considers many factors.
b. nonpharmacologic methods of pain relief, including heat, massage, physical therapy, humor, and distraction.
c. when pain medications are used, all pain will be eliminated.
d. none of the above
b. nonpharmacologic methods of pain relief, including heat, massage, physical therapy, humor, and distraction.
An infant is born at 8 lbs 2 ounces weighs 13 lbs at the 6 month check up. The RN explains to the parent that:
a. We should review the baby's diet to see if we can boost his weight
b. This is appropriate for the age
c. The baby is overweight and should feed less often
d. We would expect the baby to weight about 24 lbs at this time
a. We should review the baby's diet to see if we can boost his weight
Which childhood vaccine provides some protection against bacterial meningitis, influenza type B, epiglottis, and bacterial pneumonia?
a. Hib vaccine
b. Influenza vaccine
c. Varicella vaccine
d. Hepatitis B vaccine
a. Hib vaccine
Which vaccine do the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend that pregnant adolescents and women who are not protected against pertussis receive optimally between 27 and 36 weeks gestation or postpartum prior to discharge from the hospital?
a. Td
b. Tdap
c. IPV
d. DTaP
b. Tdap
Which childhood vaccine provides protection against streptococcal infections, such as otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia?
a. Hib vaccine
b. MMR vaccine
c. Rotavirus vaccine
d. Pneumococcal vaccine
d. Pneumococcal vaccine
A 9 year old child din the emergency department is diagnosed with Lyme disease. The nurse anticipates that the health care personnel orders will include administration of:
a. Cefotaxime
b. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
c. Aqueous penicillin
d. Doxycycline
d. Doxycycline
The recommended treatment for cow's milk protein allergy is the substitution of cow's milk based formula for:
a. soy milk or a hydrolyzed formula
b. goat's milk
c. evaporated milk
d. whole milk
a. soy milk or a hydrolyzed formula
Identify the interventions that can be safely used to manage diaper dermatitis. Select all that apply:
a. Apply a skin barrier paste such as zinc oxide
b. Blow dry heat on skin with hair dryer
c. Expose skin to air
d. Use only cloth diapers
e. Keep skin surface irritants such as urine and stool off skin
a. Apply a skin barrier paste such as zinc oxide
c. Expose skin to air
e. Keep skin surface irritants such as urine and stool off skin
Which factors are considered protective factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
a. Supine sleeping position, breastfeeding, updated childhood immunization status
b. Supine sleeping position, breastfeeding, soft bedding
c. Prone sleeping position, exposure to maternal tobacco use, updated childhood immunization status
d. Side sleeping position, breastfeeding, updated childhood immunization status
a. Supine position, breastfeeding, updated childhood immunization status
Which of the following conditions would you see in a premature baby?
a. poor thermal regulation
b. immature immunity (infection)
c. mature GI system
d. all of the above
a. poor thermal regulation
b. immature immunity (infection)
Match the following words with the correct definitions:
1. Vesicle
2. Papule
3. Macule
4. Bulla

a. large blisters on skin that...
b. flat. distinct discolored area...
c. solid or cystic raised spot...
d. small fluid filled blister on skin...
1. d
2. c
3. b
4. a
Which one is the treatment plan for Seborrheic dermatitis?
a. Use NIX shampoo
b. Use Permethrin 1%
c. Shampoo with salicylic acid everyday
d. Nothing is needed to be done
c. Shampoo with salicylic acid everyday
What is the treatment plan for Scabies?
a. Lindane
b. Permethrin 5%
c. Zinc oxide
d. Permethrin 1%
b. Permethrin 5%
While working at a clinic, a pediatrician is assisting in examining patients who come for treatment. A 3 year old boy is brought to the clinic with a facial rash. According to mother, the rash started 4 days ago as little red bumps below his nose. The rash has spread around his mouth and chin. The rash also has changed in appearance to flat, straw colored with fluid filled pustules. What is your diagnosis?
a. Mumps
b. Varicella
c. Roseola
d. Impetigo
d. Impetigo
A 7 year old child has come to the hospital for a rash for 3 days. Upon inspection of the rash the nurse notes small itchy blisters across the child's chest, arms, abdomen, and back, some of which have crusts on them and some that are wet and oozing. The child is itching the rash and looks uncomfortable. The child has a temperature of 101 F, all other vital signs are within normal limits. What is your diagnosis?
a. Roseola
b. Measles
c. Varicella
d. Erythema Infectiosum
c. Varicella
An 8 year old boy presented to the ED with several days of fever, malaise, and a diffuse rash. The rash started on the face, then nearly resolved before spreading to the rest of the body. His history was otherwise unremarkable, and he denied ever having a similar rash. His immunizations were up to date. He denied any past medical history or chronic medication use. His parents had been giving him ibuprofen and acetaminophen for symptomatic relief. What is your diagnosis?
a. Varicella
b. Rubeola
c. Rubella
d. Fifth disease
c. Rubella
You are rotating in the newborn nursery. Your next admission is a term newborn born at 3.5 kg, and all maternal labs are negative. The infant's exam is normal.
1. What vaccine(s) should she receive and why?
2. What would you do if the mother tested positive for Hepatitis B?
3. What would you do if the mother's Hepatitis B status was unknown?
1. Hep B vaccine
2. The mother should receive Hep B immunoglobulins as well as the vaccine within the first 12 hours of birth.
3. The infant should receive the Hep B vaccine as well as the immunoglobulins as a precautionary.
What are the pre-op and post-op care for spina bifida?
Pre-op:
- Cover the affected area with wet sterile dressing.
- Keep pressure off of the affected area by keeping the baby in prone position
- Be mindful of thermoregulation
- Administer prescribed ABX and IV fluids
- Extra precautions when using latex

Post-op:
- Prone for 7 days
- Following 7 days, baby is ok to be on their side; not supine
- foley cath to intermittent cath
- protect incision from stool and urine
- nurse should monitor for leaks
- Document the baby's head circumference
- Document weekly head ultrasounds
- urecholine and colace to reduce urinary retention and soften the stool
- Long term: PT and OT
Which are the signs and symptoms of esophageal atresia? Select all that apply:
a. coughing after immediate (1st feeding)
b. Excessive salivation since birth
c. Difficult in breathing since birth
d. all of the above
e. bluish after each feed attempt since birth
d. all of the above
What are the nursing care for cleft lip and palate before and after surgery?
- Use longer, softer nipples
- X/Y nipples
- squeezable bottle
- NG or GT feeding when PO not sufficient
- Pain management to limit crying
- elbow restraints; necessary to periodically remove to cuddle the infant and allow movement
- these infants are at higher risk for hearing loss; hearing should be tested early through AABR
A 2 year old child is showing signs of shock. A 10 mL/kg bolus of normal saline solution is ordered. The child weighs 20 kg. How many mL should be administered?
a. 20 mL
b. 100 mL
c. 200 mL
d. 2,000 mL
c. 200 mL
A neonate with a patent ductus arteriosus was delivered 6 hours earlier and is being held by his mother. As the nurse enters the room to assess the neonate's vital signs, the mother says "The physician says that my baby has a heart murmur. Does that mean he has a bad heart?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
a. He'll need more tests to determine his heart condition
b. He'll require oxygen therapy at home for a while.
c. He'll be fine. Don't worry about him.
d. The murmur is caused by the natural opening, which can take a day or two to close. It's a normal part of your baby's transition.
d. The murmur is caused by the natural opening, which can take a day or two to close. It's a normal part of your baby's transition.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when caring for a child in the immediate femoral postcatheterization phase?
a. Elevate the head of the bed 45 degrees
b. Encourage the child to remain flat
c. Assess vital signs every 2 to 4 hours
d. Replace a blood groin dressing with a new dressing.
b. Encourage the child to remain flat
Which intervention is most appropriate when caring for an infant with heart failure?
a. Limit fluid intake
b. Avoid using infant seats
c. Cluster nursing activities
d. Place the infant prone or supine
c. Cluster nursing activities
A teenager with heart failure who has been prescribed digoxin asks the nurse, "What's the drug supposed to do?" The nurse responds to the teenager based on the understanding that this drug is classified as:
a. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
b. cardiac glycoside
c. loop diuretic
d. vasodilator
b. cardiac glycoside
A child with heart failure is given captopril. The nurse should educate the child's parents on which action of captopril?
a. It increases vasodilation
b. It increases sodium excretion
c. It decreases sodium excretion
d. It increases vascular resistance
b. It increases sodium excretion
During observation of a child who has undergone cardiac catheterization, the nurse notes significant bleeding from the percutaneous femoral catheterization site. What action should be taken first?
a. Apply direct, continuous pressure
b. Assess the pulse and blood pressure
c. Seek the assistance of an RN
d. Check the pulses in the affected leg
a. Apply direct, continuous pressure
A child is scheduled for echocardiography. The nurse is providing education tot he child's mother. Which statement about echocardiography indicated the need for further instruction?
a. I'm glad my child won't have an IV inserted for this procedure
b. I'm glad my child won't need to have dye injected before the procedure
c. How am I ever going to explain to my son that he can't have anything to eat before this test?
d. I know my child may need to lie on his left side and breath in and out slowly during the procedure
c. How am I ever going to explain to try son that he can't have anything to eat before this test?
A 6 moth old infant with uncorrected tetralogy of fallot suddenly becomes increasingly cyanotic and diaphoretic with weak peripheral pulses and an increased respiratory rate.
a. administer oxygen
b. administer morphine
c. place the infant in a knee-chest position
d. place the infant in the Fowler's position
c. place the infant in a knee-chest position
A child with a ventricular septal repair is receiving dopamine postop. The nurse should educate the child's parents that this medication is most likely to be given for which action?
a. to decrease the heart rate
b. to decrease the urine output
c. to increase cardiac output
d. to decrease cardiac contractility
c. to increase cardiac output
A 6 year old arrive in the ER reporting dizziness and collapses before he can be taken into an examination room. Prioritize in ascending chronological order the steps to take during initial intervention. Use all the options
Check carotid pulse
Give two rescue breaths
Begin chest compressions
Establish unresponsiveness and call for help
Tilt the child's head back...
1. Establish unresponsiveness and call for help
2. Check carotid pulse
3. Begin chest compressions
4. Tilt the child's head back...
5. Give two rescue breaths
Which condition may lead to sinus arrest or sinus pause in a child?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hyperthermia
c. Valsalva maneuver
d. Decreased intracranial pressure
c. Valsalva maneuver
What would be the most common adverse reaction a nurse might observe after administering enteric coated erythromycin?
a. Weight gain
b. Constipation
c. Increased appetite
d. Nausea and vomiting
d. Nausea and vomiting
A 3 year old child has a high red blood cell count and polycythemia. In planning care, the nurse would anticipate which goal to help prevent blood clot formation?
a. The child won't show signs of dehydration
b. The child won't have signs of dyspnea
c. The child will be pain free
d. The child will attain the 40th percentile of weight for his age
a. The child won't show signs of dehydration
During family education regarding coarctation of the aorta, which statement should be included that best describes the condition?
a. Absent tricuspid valve
b. Narrowing in the area of the aortic wall
c. Localized constriction or narrowing of the aortic wall
d. Narrowing at some location along the right ventricular outflow tract
c. Localized constriction or narrowing of the aortic wall
A mother is taught to administer digoxin to her 6 moth old infant at home. Which statement by the mother indicated the need for addition education?
a. I'll count the baby's pulse before every dose
b. I'll make sure the pulse is regular before every dose
c. I'll measure the dose carefully
d. I'll withhold the medication if the pulse is below 60.
d. I'll withhold the medication if the pulse is below 60.
A child receives prednisone after a heart transplant Which adverse reaction to prednisone would a nurse monitor for in this child?
a. Weight loss
b. Hyperprexia
c. Annorexia
d. Poor wound healing
d. Poor wound healing
A nurse-manager appropriately behaves as an autocrat in which situation?
a. Planning vacation time for staff
b. Directing staff activities if a client has cardiac arrest
c. Evaluating a new medication administration process
d. Identifying the strengths and weaknesses in a client education video.
b. Directing staff activities if a client has cardiac arrest
What will the nurse tell parents of a child with a positive throat culture for group A hemolytic streptococcus that the treatment is most likely to be?
a. oral penicillin for 10 days
b. acetaminophen and plenty of fluids
c. streptococcus immunization
d. penicillin until his sore throat is gone
a. oral penicillin for 10 days
What is the best choice for fluid replacement that the nurse can offer a child who has just has a tonsillectomy?
a. cola drink
b. orange juice
c. green popsicle
d. chocolate milk
c. green popsicle
What classic sign would the nurse auscultating the breath sounds of a child hospitalized for an acute asthma attack, expect to find?
a. fine crackles
b. coarse rhonchi
c. expiratory wheezing
d. decreased breath sounds at lung bases
c. expiratory wheezing
The parents of a 3-month-old infant with cystic fibrosis (CF) wants to know how their child got this disease, because no one in either of their families has CF. What is the nurse's best response based on the understanding of CF?
a. Only one parent carries the CF gene
b. The result is probably a genetic mutation
c. Both parents are carriers of the CF gene
d. The inheritance pattern is multifactorial
c. Both parents are carriers of the CF gene
Which statement indicates that the child's parents understand how to perform respiratory therapy?
a. "We give the aerosol followed by postural drainage before meals."
b. "We do her postural drainage before the aerosol therapy."
c. "We give her respiratory treatments when she is coughing a lot."
d. "She needs respiratory therapy every day when she has an infection."
a. "We give the aerosol followed by postural drainage before meals."
What will the nurse teach the child with cystic fibrosis to take in order to facilitate digestion and absorption of nutrients?
a. pancreatic enzymes
b. fat-soluble vitamins
c. water-soluble minerals
d. salt supplements
a. pancreatic enzymes
The teaching plan for the use of a dry powder inhaler for the treatment of asthma should include the warning to rinse the mouth after inhaling the powder. What does this prevent?
a. Discoloration of tooth enamel
b. Irritation of oral membranes
c. Halitosis
d. Cadidiasis
d. Candidiasis
Which is the most appropriate nursing action when planning care for a child with cystic fibrosis?
a. ensure high-protein, high-calorie diet
b. administer pancrease with protein food at mealtime
c. assess weight monthly
d. provide chest physiotherapy before meals every day
a. ensure high-protein, high-calorie diet
Which assessment would lead the nurse to suspect that a newborn infant has a ventricular septal defect?
a. cyanosis when crying
b. a machinery-like murmur
c. blood pressure higher in the arms than in the legs
d. a loud, harsh murmur with a systolic thrill
d. A loud, harsh murmur with a systolic thrill
What finding would the nurse expect when measuring blood pressure on all four extremities of a child with coarctation of the aorta?
a. blood pressure higher on the right side
b. blood pressure lower in the legs than in the arms
c. blood pressure lower in the arms than in the legs
d. blood pressure higher on the left side
b. blood pressure lower in the legs than in the arms
A father asks why his child with tetralogy of Fallot seems to favor a squatting position. What is the nurse's best response?
a. squatting is a common resting position when a child is tachycardic
b. squatting decreases arterial blood flow away from the heart
c. squatting increases the workload of the heart
d. squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart
d. squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart
A child develops cadets from rheumatic fever. Which areas of the heart are affected by carditis?
a. Aortic and pulmonic valves
b. Coronary arteries
c. Heart muscle and the mitral valve
d. Contractility of the ventricles
c. Heart muscle and the mitral valve
The nurse explained how to position and infant with tetralogy of Fallot if the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic. Which statement by the father leads the nurse to determine he understood the instructions?
a. "If the baby turns blue , I will lay him down on a firm surface with his head lower than the rest of his body."
b. "If the baby turns blue, I will immediately put the baby upright in an infant seat."
c. "If the baby turns blue, I will put the baby in supine position with his head elevated."
d. "If the baby turns blue, I will hold him against my shoulder with his knees bent up toward his chest."
d. "If the baby turns blue, I will hold him against my shoulder with his knees bent up toward his chest."
The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, "Why do my child's fingertips look like that?" On what understanding does the nurse base a response?
a. Clubbing occurs as a result of untreated congestive heart failure
b. Clubbing occurs as a result of chronic hypoxia
c. Clubbing occurs as a result of a left-to-right shunting of blood
d. Clubbing occurs as a result of decreased cardiac output
b. Clubbing occurs as a result of chronic hypoxia
A pediatric patient is scheduled for a noninvasive procedure to determine if his heart is structurally normal and to localize a murmur. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate?
a. Electrocardiogram
b. Echocardiogram
c. Barium swallow
d. Chest x-ray
b. Echocardiogram
A 2-year-old child is showing signs of shock. A 10 mL/kg bolus of normal saline solution is ordered. The child weighs 30 kg. How many mL should be administered?
a. 200 mL
b. 10 mL
c. 300 mL
d. 30 mL
c. 300 mL
The parent of a child with asthma asks the nurse about the condition. Which description of asthma would be most accurate?
a. Disease of the airway characterized by constriction of the bronchi.
b. Chronic lung diseased caused by damage to the alveoli.
c. Inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma
d. Infection of the lower airway, most commonly caused by a viral agent
a. Disease of the airway characterized by constriction of the bronchi
You are admitting a 13-year-old patient with a history of asthma to the hospital with complication of acute respiratory distress. What sign and symptom makes you notify that your parent needs immediate attention?
a. a respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min
b. a pulse oximetry reading of 96%
c. a peak expiratory flow rate of 240 mL/min
d. stridor and wheezing
d. stridor and wheezing
The nurse recognizes that intubation and mechanical ventilation are indicated for a patient in status asthmatics when
a. decrease level of consciousness and an O2 saturation of 85% develop
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