Motor speech disorders

Which of the following best reflects the differential diagnosis between apraxia of speech and dysarthria?
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 13
Terms in this set (13)
Which of the following best reflects the differential diagnosis between apraxia of speech and dysarthria?
DYSARTHRIA REFLECTS ABNORMALITIES IN THE STRENGTH, SPEED, RANGE, STEADINESS, TONE, OR ACCURACY OF MOVEMENTS REQUIRED FOR THE BREATHING, PHONATORY, RESONATORY, ARTICULATORY, OR PROSODIC ASPECTS OF SPEECH PRODUCTION.

APRAXIA OF SPEECH REFLECTS AN IMPAIRED CAPACITY TO PLAN OR PROGRAM SENSORIMOTOR COMMANDS NECESSARY FOR DIRECTING MOVEMENTS THAT RESULT IN PHONETICALLY AND PROSODICALLY NORMAL SPEECH.
Ellie, a 5-year-old girl, has been diagnosed with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). Ellie distorts sounds, has difficulty with reading, often says short words clearly but struggles with longer words, has a history of swallowing complications, difficulty with fine motor skills, and will often say the same word differently (inconsistent). Which of the following statements about CAS is most accurate for Ellie?
ELLIE MAY ALSO BE SUFFERING FROM ANOTHER CONDITION, AS CAS DOES NOT CAUSE COMPLICATIONS IN SWALLOWING
Children with CAS may have other problems, including
-difficulty with fine motor skills;
-delayed language; or
-problems with reading, spelling, and writing.
TWO features often observed with hyperkinetic dysarthria:
-ASSOCIATED WITH DISORDERS OF THE BASAL GANGLIA CONTROL CIRCUIT

-OFTEN SEEN IN HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE
Which of the following THREE statements about spastic dysarthria are true?
=ANY PROCESS THAT DAMAGES THE DIRECT AND INDIRECT ACTIVATION PATHWAYS BILATERALLY CAN CAUSE SPASTIC DYSARTHRIA.

=SPASTIC DYSARTHRIA IS A PERCEPTUALLY DISTINCT MOTOR SPEECH DISORDER (MSD) PRODUCED BY BILATERAL DAMAGE TO THE DIRECT AND INDIRECT ACTIVATION PATHWAYS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS).

=STROKES IN THE INTERNAL CAROTID AND MIDDLE AND POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY DISTRIBUTIONS, AND LESS FREQUENTLY IN THE ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY, CAN PRODUCE SPASTIC DYSARTHRIA.
-irregular articulatory breakdowns
-excess and equal stress
-distorted vowels
-excessive loudness variation
-irregular AMRs

Which form of dysarthria is most likely?
ATAXIC DYSARTHRIA
Apraxia
impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function
Dysarthria
The inability to use speech that is distinct and connected because of a loss of muscle control after damage to the peripheral or central nervous system.
An SLP is examining a patient with suspected motor speech disorder. During assessment of the jaw in a normal patient with no motor speech disorder, the SLP would expect which of the following to be true?
AT REST, THE JAW IS USUALLY LIGHTLY CLOSED OR SLIGHTLY OPEN
A patient presents with weakness and hypotonia. Neurological diagnosis determines the patient is exhibiting all common signs and symptoms for final common pathway (FCP) damage. Which type of dysarthria is most likely?
FLACCID
An SLP is treating a patient with CN VII lesion. The patient presents with difficulty during conversational speech and reaching, as well as stress testing. What physiological reason might the SLP notice a flutter of the cheeks in this patient?BECAUSE HYPOTONICITY RESULTS IN LESS RESISTANCE TO THE INTRAORAL AIR PRESSURE PEAKS DURING PRESSURE SOUND PRODUCTIONWhich of the following features are common in patients with AOS?ARTICULATORY PROLONGATION, SYLLABLE SEGMENTATION, SLOW RATEAn SLP is treating a patient with a neurodegenerative disease. The SLP determines the patient is experiencing apraxia of speech (AOS). Which of the following statements would most likely support the SLPs determination?LEFT HEMISPHERE LESIONS, AND PHONEME DISTORTIONS AND DISTORTED SUBSTITUTIONS OR ADDITIONS