PSC 332 2

As we can see from recent events in Nevada, today's clear trend in judicial selection systems is moving strongly toward the merit plan.
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As we can see from recent events in Nevada, today's clear trend in judicial selection systems is moving strongly toward the merit plan.
False
The least common form of judicial selection system in the American states is
legislative election
According to Choi et al., judges selected through the appointment systems perform better than elected judges on which of the following measures? (select all that apply)
Appointed judges write higher quality opinions.
When a voter casts a ballot with at least one valid vote for a race, but fails to vote on one or more of the other races on the ballot, that is called
roll-off
The video about the Pennsylvania judicial election system cited which of the following reasons for Pennsylvania to move to a merit system? (select all that apply)
A lot of companies and corporations want to switch to the merit selection plan., It is a bad thing that voters use party labels to select judges., Voters aren't knowledgeable enough to pick quality judges., Voters get the impression that judges are biased toward their campaign contributors., The required qualifications to run for judge in Pennsylvania are not demanding enough.
In nonpartisan elections, voters typically know the following about the candidate: (select all that apply)
the candidates name
According to research, which of the following statements is true regarding personal experience and the perception of a courts legitimacy?
people who have previous experience as parties to litigation are less supportive of courts.
This yard sign emphasizes the fact that judicial campaigns are mostly about
name recognition
Progressive Era reformers sought to change judicial selection methods by establishing:
nonpartisan elections
When researchers say that partisan ballots reduce information costs to voters, they probably mean that
voters use the party label as information, so they don't have to go out and collect their own information.
All of the following are true of the most recent attempt to change Nevada's judicial election system exceptit intended to create a partisan election system.Voters in campaigns with high levels of campaign spending are likely to bemore likely to be informed about the candidates and to cast a vote in judicial elections.Judicial elections started as a way toincrease judicial independence from politicians.Debow et al. argue that it is appropriate to think of state judges as being either Republican or DemocratTrueAccording to research, which of the following statements is true regarding personal experience and the perception of a courts legitimacy?people who have previous experience as parties to litigation are less supportive of courts.The current district attorney for Clark County isSteve Wolfson.In criminal cases, a prosecutor instigates the case; in civil cases, a plaintiff instigates the case.Which of the following might convince the prosecutor NOT to prosecute a crime? (select all that apply)there is weak evidence against the defendant public protests demanding the defendant be set free. the alleged crime is not high on the department's priority list. the defendant refuses to take a plea bargainWhich of the following is not one of the three types of plea bargains?evidence bargainThe burden of proof in a civil case is a preponderance of the evidence; the burden of proof in a criminal case is beyond a reasonable doubt.When a district attorney chooses not to formally charge a suspect in a case, this is an example of:prosecutorial discretionConsider Nevada's law against duels (yup, we have one): NRS 200.410. If a person fights, by previous appointment or agreement, a duel ... and in so doing kills his or her antagonist ...each such offender is guilty of murder in the first degree. In this law, the fact that there must be a previous appointment in order for this law to apply is best described asan attendant circumstance.Which of the following category represents the most serious types of crimes?feloniesWhen the prosecutor agrees to drop some of the charges in exchange for a guilty plea, this is acharge barginOnly guilty people would ever accept a plea bargain.falseWhich of the following limits the discretion of state trial court judges in sentencing non-capital offenses (in a real or practical sense)? [select all that apply]plea bargaining three strikes lawsThe reason public defenders are less effective than private lawyers is because:public defenders attract less winnable cases as a result of self-selection.All of the following are part of the standard argument for plea bargaining exceptplea bargaining protects all of the defendant's constitutional rightsThe judge usually determines the sentence, even in jury trials, except in death penalty cases.TrueWhich of the following is not one of the three types of plea bargains?evidence barginAbout half of all criminal cases result in a plea bargain.falseThe U.S. Supreme Court rendered the Federal Sentencing Guidelines as advisory in which case?United States v. Booker (2005)Criminal defendants in less serious cases should almost always take the plea bargain if they can get away with just probation because all you have to do when you're on probation is stay out of trouble.falseIf you get a parking ticket, you are guilty of acivil infractionSay that you've stolen $4,000 of livestock from a farm. You are convicted in Nevada of grand larceny. Which of the following might the judge sentence you to? (select all that apply)1 year in prison. 2 years in prison and a $5,000 fine. 5 years in prison and a $7,000 fine. 10 years in prison. 10 years in prison and a $10,000 fine.An example of a surety bond would bea person in custody paying a non-refundable fee to a for-profit bonding company, which then posts the bail amountIn what case did the U.S. Supreme Court hold that taxpayers have standing to prevent the unconstitutional use of funds?Flast v. Cohen (1968)Which of the following is NOT a category of civil disputes?civil infractionsThe person who first brings forward a civil suit is known as the ___________.plantiffThe best definition of adversarial legalism isa system that facilitates civil litigation as an alternative method for demanding rights from the government.According to the National Center for State Courts, tort cases make up about ____% of all civil caseloads nationwide.6People in high-status groups are less likely to perceive workplace discrimination than are people in lower status groups.TrueWhich of the following is not considered a benefit of class actions compared to individual suits?all members of the class have an equal amount of control over the caseLawrence Friedman's argument that Americans have developed high expectations for recompense for injuries and losses is something he calls a cultural expectation fortotal justiceWhen a defendant has a cause of action against the plaintiff that arises out of the same set of facts that gave rise to the plaintiff's claim the defendant can raise a ____________.counterclaimWhen one party attributes an injury as the fault of another party they are engaged in ___________, the second stage in the emergence and transformation of a civil dispute.blamingWhich category of civil disputes deals with wrongful acts, whether intentional or accidental, from which injury occurs to another?tort lawLaw professor Marc Galanter categorizes those who use the courts to make or defend claims as either __________ or __________.one shotters or repeat offendersWhich of the following best defines a class action lawsuit?A lawsuit where a named plaintiff(s) represents the interests of many people who are in the same situationAccording to the text, all of the following are myths about civil law exceptPunitive damages are awarded only rarely.Your book implies that the preferable "individual method" of dispute resolution isignoring the dispute or "taking your lumps."While binding arbitration can be useful when it is agreed to by two parties with similar power and resources, it can be coercive when it is used in agreements between a powerful party and a party without as much power.trueAccording to the book, all of the following can be significant obstacles to accessing the civil court system exceptbeing a buisness ownerThose who advocate for tort reform are advocating for what?changes in the civil justice system that would decrease the amount of litigation and the amount of damages one could seek