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60. HIV and AIDS (FT Pathology; Biomedicine, Person and Population Health).

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What is the Balitimore classification of HIV?
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What is the Balitimore classification of HIV?
Positive-sense ssRNA reverse transcriptase viruses (class 6)
Why is initial HIV infection typically unnoticed?
Most of the time, upon first infection patients, do not notice. Symptoms may be dismissed such as rash, flu-like symptoms etc. It usually resolves initially, which is how the disease can infect other people.
What is the first response from the immune system when a patient is infected with HIV?
•Initially, HIV-specific CD8+ T-cells rise sharply and reduce viral load
•However, the virus is not fully cleared from the organism
HIV specifically targets what cells?
HIV specifically targets CD4+ cells.
What is it that causes patients with HIV to get opportunistic infections?
•There is a gradual loss of CD4 + (helper) T lymphocytes, in which the virus undergoes lytic replication.
•Eventually the loss of T helper lymphocytes weakens the immune response to the point that opportunistic infections occur (AIDS).
•These are infections that a healthy person would normally be able to resist.