Anatomy lower leg

Anterior thigh
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Terms in this set (112)
Anterior thigh
anterior iliac spine to knee
Posterior thigh
gluteal fold to knee joint
gluteal region
iliac crest to gluteal fold
sole of the foot
is facing posterior in anatomical position
Thigh compartments
anterior, medial, posterior
anterior surface of the thigh
anterior and medial compartment
Posterior surface of the thigh
gluteal compartment
Thigh is separated from abdominal wall by
inguinal ligament
Leg compartments
anterior, posterior and lateral compartment
Bottom of foot
plantar surface
Top of footdorsal surfacebellow Inguinal ligamentlower extremityAbove Inguinal ligamentabdominalBones in gluteal and thigh regionPelvic bone and femurShoulder joint has agreater range of movement and is less stableHip joint has aless range of movement but is more stabile1st digit of footmedialDexterity of toes arevery weakMinimal movement ofdip, pip and mp jointsMaximum mobilityis on the large toePelvic girdle iscompletePatella is asesamoid bone Bone that grow in a muscle Patella tendon Helps attach the quadriceps femoris muscles inserted into the base of the patellaDepression on head of femurfoveaLigament is attached to foveaLigamentum teresArtery of ligamentum teresFracture of the neck can lead to avascular necrosisArtery of ligamentum teres comes fromObturator arteryLesser trochanter is facingposteriorGreater trochanter is facinglateralZenith-or peakfive muscles attachedlesser trochanteriliopsoas muscleintertrochlear crestquadrate tubercle is located onpectineal and spiral lineridge running down the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur from the lesser trochanter to which the pectineus muscle attacheslinea asperais a continuation of pectineal linecapsule of the hip jointfracture of the neck of the femur intracapsular fractureextracapsularoutside of the hip jointmanagement of treatment of intracapsular fracture isimmobilizationmanagement of treatment of extracapsular fracturemobilizationgluteus maximus insertiongluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tractexternal surface of greater trochanter anteriorlygluteus minimus mexternal surface of greater trochanter posteriorgluteus mediusquadrate tuberclequadratus femoris mHow many muscles are at the peak of the greater trochanter(4 muscles 1. Piriformis 2. Gemellus superior 3. obturator internus 4. Gemellus inferior)Intertrochanteric line is infrontIntertrochanteric Crest isregion formed posteriorly between the greater and lesser trochantersLower portion of distal femur linea aspera divides intoMedial and lateral Supracondylar lineMedial and lateral head of gastrocnemius originate supra condyle ridge Join together to formsingle belly which joins with Soleus muscle to insert into posterior surface of calcaneus bone through a tendon called achilleas tendonAdductor tubercleadductor magnus insertionDistal Condyles of FemurInferior surface is flat Posterior surface curvedPosterior cruciate ligament is more anterior on the medial wall ofintercondylar fossaLateral surface of lateral condyleOrigin of lateral head of gastrocnemiusPopliteusGoes against anatomical law Origin is distal Insertion proximal Lateral rotation of femur Unlock the locked kneeFascia lataouter layer of deep fascia in the lower limb forms a thick stocking like membrane- thickened portion called iliotibial tractLateral surface iliotibial tract originateson Iliac tubercle to lateral condyle of tibiatensor fascia lataAttaches to iliac crest Tensing the fascia Inserts into the sides of the iliotibial tract Stabilizes the hip jointthoracic aorta becomesabdominal aorta behind the diaphragmabdominal aorta atL4 vertebra and divides into 2 terminal branches right and left common iliac arterycommon iliac arterydivides into external and internal iliac arteryexternal iliac artery becomesfemoral artery when it crosses inguinal ligamentfemoral artery is the main artery forlower extremityfemoral vein becomesexternal iliac vein when it crosses inguinal ligamentexternal iliac vein joinsinternal iliac vein to form left common iliac veinleft common iliac vein then joins right common iliac vein which becomesthe inferior vena cavapsoas major muscle originatesfrom antero-lateral surface of bodies of L1-L5 vertebra bodiespsoas major muscle insertsinto lesser trochanterpsoas major muscle actionflexion, lateral rotation, adduction, of hip jointpsoas major muscle nerveanterior rami of L1 to L3iliacus muscle originatesiliac fossailiacus muscle insertsinto lesser trochanteriliacus muscle nervefemoral nerveiliacus muscle actionflexion, lateral rotation, adduction, of hip joint insertion becomes origin when sitting up in bediliopsoas originfrom antero-lateral surface of bodies of L1-L5 and iliac fossailiopsoas Insertionlesser trochanteriliopsoas nervefemoral nerve and anterior rami of L1, L2, L3 (not together)iliopsoas actionflexion hip joint , lateral rotation of thigh, adduction, of hip jointwhat forms the lateral portion of the floor of the femoral triangleiliopsoas musclehow many compartments in the thigh3 (anterior, posterior, medial)how many and what muscles are in the anterior chamber of the thigh4+1, rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus intermedius vastus medialis which make up quadriceps femoris sartorius Nerve femoral nervesartorius and Long head of rectus femorisExtensor of knee joint and flexor of hip jointMedial compartmentObturator nerve Action-adduactionposterior(hamstring)nerve-sciatic nerve action-flex the knee and extend the hipwhat is the root value of Psoas majorL1,L2,and L3what is the root value of brachial plexusC5-T1what is the root value of femoral nerveL2, L3, L4what is the root value of Lumbar plexusT12-L4Rectus femoris Origin straight headAnterior inferior iliac spineRectus femoris origin Reflected headSuperior to acetabulumRectus femoris Actionextensor of knee joint and flexor of hip jointVastus lateralis originfrom lateral lip Linea asperaVastus medialis originmedial lip of linea asperaVastus intermedius OriginAnterior surface of the shaft of the femurQuadriceps femoris Actionextension of the knee and flexion of the hip jointQuadriceps femoris nervefemoral nervePatellar reflex (at patellar tendonat spinal cord levels L3 and L4 Insertion tibial tuberositySartorius meanstailorsartorius originanterior superior iliac spinesartorius insertionmedial surface of shaft of tibial tuberositySartorius nervefemoral nervesartorius actionflexion of the knee, flexion of the hip, abduction of the hip, and lateral rotationPatellar reflexstretch reflex patellar tendonUpper motor neuron Damage will leadto excess reflexLower motor neuronno reflexPatellar reflex (at patellar tendon) at spinal cord levelsL3 and L4Patellar ligament continuation of thequadriceps femoris ligamentPatella supposed to be enclosed byligamentfemoral nerve withanterior compartmentGracilis Sartorius semitendinosus combine to formpes anserinusobturator nerve withmedial compartmentsciatic nerve withposterior compartmentLumbar plexusL1, L2, L3lumbosacral trunk enters the pelvic cavity and joins with theanterior rami of S1 to S3 and part of S4 to form the sacral plexusobturator nerveL2-L4femoral nerve goes posterioringuinal ligament