Eye Quiz

5.0 (1 review)
Term
1 / 65
5/6
Click the card to flip 👆
Terms in this set (65)
5/6
the orbit protects how much of the eye
posterior
the apex of the orbit is directed
superior- frontal
medial- maxillae
lateral- zygomas
borders of the orbit
roof- frontal
lateral- zygoma and sphenoid
floor- maxilla
medial- maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, sphenoid, palatine
walls of the orbit
fibrous, vascular, nervous
What are the 3 tunics of the eye?
fibrous tunic
outermost layer of the eye
sclera, cornea
two regions of the fibrous tunic
sclera
tough, fibrous, opaque, white portion of eye, covers 5/6 of eyeball. Has perforation for optic nerve and vessels
cornea
clear, transparent, 1/6 of eye, avascular, refracts light
vascular
middle layer of eye
choroid, ciliary body, iris, pupilWhat makes up the vascular tunic?choroidvascular, deep to sclera, supplies blood to retinaciliary bodycomposed of smooth muscle, continuation of choroidirisextension of ciliary body, pigmented epithelium with smooth muscle, separates anterior chamber from posteriorsphincter pupillaemuscle in iris that constricts pupildilator pupillaemuscle in iris that dilates pupilpupilopening within irispigmented epithelial, photoreceptor2 layers of the nervous tunicnervousdeepest layer of the eyepigmented epitheliallayer of the nervous tunic that is rich in melanin to decrease scatter of light, outer layer of retniaphotoreceptorlayer of nervous tunic that contains rods and conesrodssensitive to light, needed for night vision and peripheral vision, images are blurry and gray scaleconessensitive to color and daylight to provide acute/sharp color imagesoptic nerve, ora serrata, macula lutea, fovea centralisspecializations of the nervous tunicoptic nerveblind spot, optic disc, no photoreceptors, central retinal artery and veinora serrataserrated anterior margin of retinal coatmacula luteayellow region, posterior pole, lateral to optic discfovea centraliscenter of macula, most sensitive part of retina, most acute vision, contains cones, no rods, objects focused heremacula lutea, fovea centraliswhere are cones locatedretina outside macula lutealocation of rodsbipolar, ganglion, optic nerveeach cone synapses with single ___ cell which synapses with single ___ cell. Axons of ganglion cell form ___ ___ to conduct visual image to brainbipolar, ganglionin rods, many ____ cells synapse with single ___ cell to carry stimuli to brainlenstransparent, biconvex structure that is flexible, separates anterior cavity from posteriorsuspensory ligamentsshape of lens can be modified byrefractionlens allows for change in ___ of imageaqueoushumor located anterior to lensciliary bodyaqueous humor is produced by epithelial cells fromposterior to anterior chamber into scleral venous sinushow does fluid flow through the eyeballvitreoushumor located posterior to lenscornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humorrefractory media of the eye (4)corneaprimary refractor of the eye, transparent and avascularparallellight rays from a distant source aregreater, focalthe closer the light source, the ___ the angle of arriving light rays and the longer the ___ distancerounder, shorterthe _____ the lens, the ____ the focal distancepalpebral fissureline of contact between upper and lower eyelidslateral and medial canthuscorners where the eyelids come togetherlacrimal carunclemound of tissue at medial canthus containing glandstarsal platedense band of connective tissue within each eyelidtarsal glandsmodified sebaceous glands that emit oily secretion to prevent eyelids from sticking, reduce evaporation, prevent tear overflow, close eyes airtightconjunctivaepithelium forming mucous membrane, lines inner surface of eyelids and the corneaprotection, prevents drynessconjunctiva functionspalpebral conjunctivamembrane that lines underside of eyelidsbulbar conjunctivalines the corneaconjunctival fornixrecess formed by palpebral conjunctiva where conjunctiva reflectconjunctival sacspace between palpebral and bulbar conjunctivalacrimal glandproduces tears in superolateral part of orbitsuperior fornix3 to 12 ducts of lacrimal gland open into ___ ___ of conjunctival saclacrimal punctumopening on upper and lower eyelids near medial canthus that lead to lacrimal canaliculuslacrimal canaliculussmall canals extending and carrying tears from lacrimal punctum to lacrimal saclacrimal sacdilation of superior end of tear duct which receives canaliculinasolacrimal ductpassageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nosebasalcommon type of tears that smooth out irregularities of cornea allowing visionreflextears that stream after poke in eyepsychic/emotionaltears that accompany emotional trauma; fear, joy, sadnesscornea, lensavascular portions of the eye