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zzorayaTeacher
Rhetorical and Literary Device Quizlet
Terms in this set (76)
Appositive- 1. a putting into juxtaposition. 2. ( Grammar) a grammatical construction in which a word, esp a noun phrase, is placed after another to modify its meaning.My car, A SILVER EV, is completely full.Asyndeton-the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentenceA sentence without and, or, but or other conjuntive words. ie. Live, love, be happy.Atmosphere-the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planetwhat is around us. the setting or ambiance.Caricature-a picture, description, or imitation of a person in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.a portrait drawn as a cartoon, exaggerating featuresClause-a unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence in rank and in traditional grammar said to consist of a subject and predicatepart of a sentenceColloquial/colloquialism-(of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literarycommon or street talk, ordinary slangConceit-excessive pride in oneselffull of oneself (conceited)Connotation-an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaningadditional meaning, saying something more than meaning of wordDenotation-the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggestsnot connotation, the literal meaningDiction-the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.order in which types of words happen; our diction vs. yoda dictionEuphemism-a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassinga more comfortable word to hear, for example "passed away" instead of "died"Extended metaphor-a metaphor in a literary work, such as a novel or poem, that isn't just used in one line but is extended over multiple linesmetaphor that takes some lines or space to expressFigurative language-asking the reader or listener to understand something by virtue of its relation to some other thing, action, or imagesimile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, words that make things more interesting by comparing or expressing as something else.Figure of speech-a word or phrase used in a non-literal sense for rhetorical or vivid effectwords or phrases that make language more interesting like metaphors or idioms, not literal.Generic conventions-the features shown by texts that allow them to be put into a specific genrethings readers expect such as stories have climax, good guys and bad guys,Genre-a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject mattercategoryGerund-a form that is derived from a verb but that functions as a noun, in English ending in -ing, e.g., asking in do you mind my asking you?words that end in -ing, come from verb but function as a nounHomily-a religious discourse that is intended primarily for spiritual edification rather than doctrinal instruction; a sermonreligious speech that teachesHyperbole-exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.exaggerated, i'm dyingImagery-visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary workwords that describe or paint the pictureInference/infer-deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statementsTo figure something out using evidence that doesn't specifically say it.Infinitive-the basic form of a verb, without an inflection binding it to a particular subject or tense (e.g. see in we came to see, let him see )to speak, to write, etc.Invective-insulting, abusive, or highly critical languagebad language/insultingIrony/ironic-the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effectTelling a quiet group, "don't speak all at once"Litotes-ironic understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (e.g., you won't be sorry, meaning you'll be glad )double negativeLoose sentence/non-periodic sentence-begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause--main idea (the independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clausesa sentence where the main clause/topic is followed by more details or phrases to desribe itMetaphor-a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicablesomething compared to something else without using "like" or "as"Metonymy-the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racingchange of meaning ie. the pen is mightier than the swordModifier-a person or thing that makes partial or minor changes to somethinga word that gives more meaning to another word, changing it's meaningMood - inducing or suggestive of a particular feeling or state of mindthe feeling of something or a personNarrative-a spoken or written account of connected events; a storystory tellingOnomatopoeia-the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g. cuckoo, sizzle )word from a sound. bang, powOxymoron-a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunctionphrase that has meaning but the two words seem to be opposite. awfully goodParadox-a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.something that seems to be impossible but may be trueParallelism-the state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way.using the same structure in construction. I will swim, jog and climb. He is singing, dancing and acting.Parody-an imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect.weird al does great parodiesParticiple-a word formed from a verb (e.g., going, gone, being, been ) and used as an adjective (e.g., working woman, burned toast ) or a noun (e.g., good breeding ). In English, participles are also used to make compound verb forms (e.g., is going, has been ).past participle ie. have gone. has been present participle is going, working, etc.Pedantic-of or like a pedant.-a person who is excessively concerned with minor details and rules or with displaying academic learning.language that is overly teaching and treating the other person like they don't know as muchPeriodic sentence-a usually complex sentence that has no subordinate or trailing elements following its principal clausecomplex sentence but without extra details. ie. In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued.Personification-the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.humanizing objectsPoint of view-a particular attitude or way of considering a matterway of seeing somethingPolysyndeton-repetition of conjunctions in close succession (as in we have ships and men and money).repeating pluralsPreposition-a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clausein on of to at. relation to somethingProse-written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structureway of using words. how people usually talk not in an order.Repetition-the action of repeating something that has already been said or writtensaying something over and over.Rhetoric-the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniquespersuasive or convincing language.Rhetorical modes-the techniques and literary devices that a writer uses to convey specific ideas to the readers.Different ways of speaking or writing. techniquesSarcasm-the use of irony to mock or convey contemptsaying something you dont believe is true in a funny way.Satire-the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issuesfunny/funnynessSemantics-the branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning. There are a number of branches and subbranches of semantics, including formal semantics, which studies the logical aspects of meaning, such as sense, reference, implication, and logical form, lexical semantics, which studies word meanings and word relations, and conceptual semantics, which studies the cognitive structure of meaningspecific use of wordsStyle-a manner of doing something. a distinctive appearance, typically determined by the principles according to which something is designed.way anything is expressedSubject complement-a word or phrase that follows a linking verb and identifies or describes the subjecta word that adds to or redescribes somethingSubordinate clause-a clause, typically introduced by a conjunction, that forms part of and is dependent on a main clausenon-necessary, less important part of a story, describing or dependent on main clauseSuperlative-of the highest quality or degreethe biggest, longest, most beautifulSyllogism-an instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusionmultiple phrases that use logic to all relate them to eachother. "All mammals are animals. All elephants are mammals. Therefore, all elephants are animals."symbol/symbolism-a thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstracta thing that means somethingSynecdoche-a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in Cleveland won by six runs (meaning "Cleveland's baseball team").using one word to mean a group of people or a part of it.Syndeton-a rhetorical term for a sentence style in which words, phrases, or clauses are joined by conjunctions (usually and)using a conjunction (and) for before any listsSynesthesia-when you experience one of your senses through anotherseeing something through another sense; seeing a color by listening to music; looking at food and tasting itSyntax-the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a languagethe way something is written, how words are put togetherTheme-the subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topictopicThesis-a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or provedwhat you think stated as something that can be provedTone-a modulation of the voice expressing a particular feeling or mooda way of saying something or way something is saidTransition-the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.moving from something to something elseUnderstatement-the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually issomething stated as less than what it really isWit- mental sharpness and inventiveness; keen intelligencebeing sharp and funny
