Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Neurological Final Quiz Questions

Terms in this set (49)

When training a patient with paraplegia (T12 neurological level) to ambulate:
Forearm crutches are the most often utilized assistive device because they allow full hip extension and unrestricted shoulder movement.
As discussed in Physical Therapists' Ability to Predict Future Mobility After Spinal Cord Injury by Chu et al., JNPT 2012, the mobility item with the highest correlation coefficient regarding therapists' predictions was with:
Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI) at r = 0.92
As discussed in PTs Ability to Predict Future Mobility After SCI by Chu et al., JNPT 2012, methods included five physical therapists with a median (IQR) of 5 years' (5-10 years) experience in SCI who made the predictions by utilizing the bed transfer item of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the Five Additional Mobility and Locomotor items (5 items each scored on a 7-point scale), and the WISCI.
True
As discussed in Physical Therapists' Ability to Predict Future Mobility After Spinal Cord Injury by Chu et al., JNPT 2012, results included PTs making perfect predictions between 37% and 66% of the time and predicted within 1 point of what patients ultimately attained 60% to 78% of the time; and were most accurate at predicting patients' future ability to negotiate curbs in a wheelchair (within 1 point 78% of the time) and least accurate at predicting patients' future ability to push a wheelchair on a ramp (within 1 point 60% of the time).
True
Which of the following brain centers contribute to the regulation of postural tone?
Brainstem nuclei
Which of the following structures is known to control the adaptation of postural responses?
Cerebellum
Which of the following statements is true about the Sensory Weighting Hypothesis?
It predicts that changes in postural responses in different sensory conditions are due to changes in the weighting of sensory inputs.
What does the research suggest about "steady state" postural control during normal symmetrical quiet stance?
Muscles throughout the body are both tonically and phasically active during quiet stance.
Which of the following senses contributes to the gravito-inertial frame of reference for postural control?
Vestibular
A person standing on a moveable platform would recover anteroposterior stability after a backward platform movement by activating bilateral lower limb musculature in which order?
Gastrocnemius, hamstrings, paraspinals
According to researchers, when subjects are exposed to gradually increased platform perturbation velocities, they:
continue to increase forces applied at the ankles as the velocity increases and add forces at the hips.
Central set refers to:
a state of the nervous system that is influenced by the context of a task.
Using an ankle-foot orthosis to control spasticity and ankle position can result in:
increased use of hip and trunk muscles for postural control.
Which of the following is a common postural coordination strategy for individuals with neurologic deficits?
Activation of muscles on both the anterior and the posterior aspect of the body.
Which client would most likely have increased sensitivity to vestibular stimulation? The client with:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
A client exhibits drifting to the left and right sides with occasional stumbling only when walking in the sand without an assistive device. This client is most likely:
somatosensory dependent
The "posture first strategy" refers to the prioritization of:
balance tasks over a secondary task under dual task conditions.
What are the three requirements for successful locomotion?
Progression, postural control, adaptation
What is the approximate gait speed of a normal young adult?
1.46 m/sec
According to research findings, what reduces the metabolic cost of walking?
Transfer of mechanical energy due to sinusoidal fluctuation of the COM
What is the role of the vestibular system during locomotion?
To influence body alignment as it relates to gravity during locomotion
In addition to the common dynamic and static balance tests listed in O'Sullivan (2014), a definitive scale of functional balance grades also exists that includes descriptors that define performance. On this scale, a "patient who is able to maintain balance with handhold (static) and accepts minimal challenge and is able to maintain balance while turning head/trunk (dynamic)" is classified as:
Fair
What is the correct sequence of preparatory exercises for gait?
Mobility → Stability → Dynamic stability → Skill
As preparation for standing and gait activities, the patient needs to increase hip extensor strength and become accustomed to bearing weight through the feet in a position that has a large base of support and a low center of mass. What would be an appropriate activity to use with this patient?
Bridging
The therapist's goal is to increase stability in standing. Which activity would be best to facilitate accomplishment of this goal?
In standing provide alternating isometric resistance to the trunk
Your patient tells you that she feels dizzy. Upon further questioning, she tells you that the room feels like it is spinning. According to O'Sullivan and Fulk's chapter on Vestibular Disorders, you would document her complaint as:
vertigo.
According to O'Sullivan and Fulk's chapter on Vestibular Disorders, surgery for an acoustic neuroma involves sacrifice of all or part of which of the cranial nerves?
Cranial nerve VIII
According to O'Sullivan and Fulk's chapter on Vestibular Disorders, once deflection of the cupula has stopped, the neurons continue to fire for up to 10 seconds in a normal vestibular system. What is this called and what purpose does it serve?
The velocity storage system is thought to assist the brain in detecting low-frequency head movement.
According to O'Sullivan and Fulk's chapter on Vestibular Disorders, during turning of the head toward the left, the left horizontal semicircular canals will increase firing and the right will decrease firing. What is this mechanisms called?
Push-pull mechanism
The highest goal priority for wheelchair prescription is
anticipated goals of professionals and wheelchair user.
You may need to replace the wheelchair back to a higher level because of your patient's
All of these
A well planned seating system may be able to accomplish all EXCEPT which of the following?
Decrease tone
A therapist is utilizing seating principles in analyzing a patient's level of stability while in a wheelchair. Which of the following is the correct order of assessment?
Pelvis, feet, ribcage, head, elbows
In patients who are exclusively wheelchair mobile, overstretching of what muscles can produce a negative posterior pelvic tilt:
Hamstrings
Which wheelchair component can contribute to the above often inadvertent excessive stretch that can lead to posterior pelvic tilt?
Elevated leg rests
The typical wheelchair with a sling back and seat upholstery seat can promote:
All of these
According to Schmeler and Buning in the CANVAS Lecture Supplement Seating Series document (pdf) entitled, Set-Up & Propulsion Biomechanics, what percentage range of manual wheelchair users (MWUs) reported shoulder pain linked to repetitive strain injuries from both rotator cuff tears and/or aseptic necrosis:
20 to 100%
How are the semicircular canals stimulated to depolarize?
The stereocilia are deflected toward the kinocilia in the crista ampullaris.
During a Hallpike-Dix maneuver a patient presents with nystagmus. What does that indicate?
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
What is a cause of bilateral vestibular hypofunction?
Ototoxicity from use of certain antibiotics or meningitis
Which of the following symptoms should alert the therapist that the patient might have a central versus a peripheral vestibular pathology?
Diplopia lasting longer than 2 weeks after onset
As a DPT, you would not proceed with interventions for vestibular disease if your patient experiences which of the following symptoms?
Any of the following would be a contraindication for vestibular rehabilitation.
In treating your patient for gaze instability, the X2 paradigm involves exercises in which:
The head and target move in opposite directions.
The systems framework for balance rehabilitation examines:
the contributions of sensory, motor, and cognitive systems to balance control.
Current research suggests that a neurologically intact adult should be able to complete the Timed Up and Go Test in how many seconds?
<10 seconds
What is the ultimate goal of task-oriented balance rehabilitation?
To improve the ability to participate in social roles that are important in the daily life of the patient.
Which of the following activities would best promote the use of vestibular information for postural control?
Maintaining upright sitting on a tilt board with eyes closed
Which of the following statements is true concerning dual-task training?
Dual task training is beneficial for improving walking ability after stroke.
According to the evidence, how many hours of fall prevention exercise is needed to successfully decrease fall risk?
>50 hours
Other sets by this creator