life science-its about drive its about power

1. Bone marrow transplantation in immunocompromised patients presents which major problem
a. potentially lethal graft-versus-host disease
b. high risk of T cell leukemia
c inability to use a live donor
d. delayed hypersensitivity
Click the card to flip ๐Ÿ‘†
1 / 50
Terms in this set (50)
1. Bone marrow transplantation in immunocompromised patients presents which major problem
a. potentially lethal graft-versus-host disease
b. high risk of T cell leukemia
c inability to use a live donor
d. delayed hypersensitivity
a. potentially lethal graft-versus-host disease
2. Defects in neutrophil NADPH oxidase system produce
a. Chronic granulomatous disease
b. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
c. Hashimoto's disease
d. Streptococcal infection
a. Chronic granulomatous disease
3. T-cell-mediated immune responses can result in
a. formation of granulomas
b. induration at the reaction site
c. rejection of a kidney transplant
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
4. Circulating immune complexes are an etiologic factor in the following diseases:
a. Myastenia gravis
b. farmer's lung
c. Tuberculosis
d. Goodpasture's syndrome
b. farmer's lung
5. A transplant of tissue between individuals of the same species, but with different genetic background is called a(n):
a. autograft
b. isograft
c. allograft
d. xenograft
c. allograft
6. The human immunodeficiency virus primarily infects:
a. plasma cells
b. helper cells
c. killer cells
d. epithelial cells lining the genitourinary tract
b. helper cells
7. Tumor antigens have been shown to cross-react immunologically in cases of
a. tumors induced by chemical carcinogens
b. tumors induced by RNA viruses.
c. tumors induced by irradiation with ultraviolet light
d. tumors induced by the same chemical carcinogen on two separate sites on the same individuals
b. tumors induced by RNA viruses
8. Rejection of a tumor may involve which of the following?
a. T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity
b. ADCC
c. complement-dependent cytotoxicity
d. All answer are correct
d. All answer are correct
9. An antigen found in relatively high concentration in the plasma of normal fetuses and a high proportion of patients with progressive carcinoma of the colon is
a. viral antigen.
b. carcinoembryonic antigen.
c. IgG
d. bacterial antigen
b. carcinoembryonic antigen.
10. Cancer cells often have reduced amounts of cell surface proteins, including class I MHC antigens. Which of the following cells of the immune system can exploit this property to kill cancer cells?
a. Cytotoxic T-cells
b. Macrophages
c. Neutrophils
d. B-cells
a. Cytotoxic T-cells
11. A 35-year-old man has been diagnosed with end-stage renal disease. His identical twin brother has the same HLA alleles at all loci, and volunteers to donate a kidney to his brother. Which of the following terms correctly describes the proposed organ transplant? a. Allograft b. Autograft c. Heterograft d. Syngeneic graftd. Syngeneic graft12. Chemically induced tumors have tumor-associated transplantation antigens that a. are always the same for a given carcinogen b. are different for two tumors of different histologic type even if induced by the same carcinogen c. are very strong antigens d. do not induce an immune responsb. are different for two tumors of different histologic type even if induced by the same carcinogen13. In what manner does a type III hypersensitivity reaction differ from a type II hypersensitivity reaction? a. Type III is an immediate hypersensitivity, while type II is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction b. Type III hypersensitivities involve IgD, while type II hypersensitivities involve IgG and IgM. c. Type III hypersensitivities are B-cell mediated, while type II hypersensitivities are T-cell mediated. d. The antigens involved in a type III reaction are not bound to a cell's surface, while those involved in a type II reaction are bound to the surfaced. The antigens involved in a type III reaction are not bound to a cell's surface, while those involved in a type II reaction are bound to the surface. Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? a. SLE b. Type I diabetes c. Serum sickness d. Rheumatoid arthritisc. Serum sickness15. Which of the categories of hypersensitivities involves an IgG antibodies production a. Type I b. Type II c. Type IV d. Type II and IIId. Type II and III16. The maternal antibodies that cross the placenta and lead to the development of erythroblastosis fetalis are of what class a. IgM b. IgA c. IgD d. IgGd. IgG17. Immune complexes consist of a. antibody plus complement b. basophil plus complement c. antigen plus antibody d. antigen plus complementc. antigen plus antibody18. Reaction to poison ivy or poison oak is a. an IgM-mediated response b. an IgE-mediated response c. a cell-mediated response d. an Arthus reaction.c. a cell-mediated response19. When immune complexes from the serum are deposited on glomerular basement membrane, damage to the membrane is caused mainly by a. gamma interferon. b. phagocytosis. c. cytotoxic T cells. d. enzymes released by polymorphonuclear cells.. enzymes released by polymorphonuclear cells.20. Cytotoxic T cells induced by infection with virus A will kill target cells a. from the same host infected with any virus. b. infected by virus A and identical at class I MHC loci of the cytotoxic T cells. c. infected by virus A and identical at class II MHC loci of the cytotoxic T cells. d. infected with a different virus and identical at class I MHC loci of the cytotoxic cellsd. infected with a different virus and identical at class I MHC loci of the cytotoxic cells21. You have a patient who makes autoantibodies against his own red blood cells, leading to hemolysis. Which one of the following mechanisms is MOST likely to explain the hemolysis a. Perforins from cytotoxic T cells lyse the red cells b. Neutrophils release proteases that lyse the red cells c. Interleukin-2 binds to its receptor on the red cells, which results in lysis of the red cells. d. Complement is activated, and membrane attack complexes lyse the red cellsd. Complement is activated, and membrane attack complexes lyse the red cells22. Which of the following represents an important anatomic barrier to infection by microorganisms a. lymphocytes b. interferons c. mucous membranes d. kinin systemc. mucous membranes23. A positive tuberculin skin test is an example of what type of hypersensitivity reaction? a. Type I b. Type II c. Type IV d. Type II and IIIc. Type IVwithin macrophages. The leprom in skin test is used to determine what type of leprosy a person has. In this test, inactivated Mycobacterium leprae organisms are injected just beneath the skin. At the site of injection, a person with a positive test will develop an area of induration with erythema peaking around 48 hours after the injection. If this test measures a hypersensitivity reaction against the organism, what type of hypersensitivity reaction is it intended to detect? a. Type I b. Type II c. Type IV d. Type II and IIIc. Type IV25. Type IV hypersensitivity responses a. are mediated through antibody-antigen complexes b. typically occur immediatly c. occur in contact dermatitis d. occur in hay feverc. occur in contact dermatitis26. Type III hypersensitivity responses a. are mediated through antibody-antigen complexes b. typically occur in 15 minutes c. occur in contact dermatitis d. are Ig-E mediated. are mediated through antibody-antigen complexes27. Type III hypersensitivity is triggered by: a. Mast cells and IgE b. K cells and IgG c. Deposition of antigen-antibody complex d. Th cellsc. Deposition of antigen-antibody complex28. Most autoimmune diseases are caused by a A. Simultaneously impact of genetic and environmental events b. immunodeficiency c. complement deficiency d. neutrophils activationA. Simultaneously impact of genetic and environmental events29. Identifying an autoimmune disease in humans is often accomplished by a. finding an antibody against self-components b. passively transferring T cells to a healthy individual c. immunosuppressive drugs d. showing that macrophages are the cause of the tissue damagea. finding an antibody against self-components30. The following is/are possible mechanism(s) for the recognition of self-components by the immune system in autoimmune diseases a. loss of suppressor cells b. alteration of a self-antigen so it is recognized as foreign c. infection with a microorganism that carries a cross-reactive antigen d. All answer are trued. All answer are true31. The pathology in autoimmune diseases due to antibody may be a result of a. the formation of antigen โ€”antibody complexes b. antibody blocking a cell receptor c. antibody-induced complement mediated lysis d. All answer are trued. All answer are true32. Systemic lupus erythematosus a. is due to a mutation in double-stranded DNA b. is a classic example of a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease c. results from antibodies specific to thyroid d. has multiple symptoms and affects many organsd. has multiple symptoms and affects many organs33. Diseases in which TH cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells probably play major roles in their pathology include all of the following except a. Hashimoto's thyroiditis b. multiple sclerosis c. insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus d. myasthenia gravisc. insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus34. A patient is found to have a form of diabetes in which his immune system is destroying his pancreatic islet cells. Which is the most likely explanation for this disease state? a. The patient has a fever b. In the islets of the pancreas, b cells have upregulated MHC class II and Fas molecules, making them susceptible to cell death by immune cells c. CD4+ T cells are being destroyed by pancreatic enzymes c. Immune complex formation and complement are the main contributors to insulitisIn the islets of the pancreas, b cells have upregulated MHC class II and Fas molecules, making them susceptible to cell death by immune cells35. Hashimoto's thyroiditis a. is due primarily anti-thyreoglobulin antibodies b. can be transmitted by kisses c. is an autoimmune disease which affects males and females equally d. is characterized by immune complex deposition in the thyroida. is due primarily anti-thyreoglobulin antibodies6. Acquired immunodeficiency later in life is a. X-linked agammaglobulinemia b. Selective IgG deficiency c. Hyper-IgM syndrome d. HIVHIV37. Low IgG levels, high IgM concentrations a. Transient hypogammaglobulinemia b. Ataxia-telangiectasia c. Common variable immunodeficiency d. Hyper-IgM syndromed. Hyper-IgM syndrome38. Severe combined immunodeficiency is a: a. Occurs when a person is exposed to too much sunlight b. Mainly occurs in people who eat too much pizza, resulting in diabetes c. A problem caused by a bacterium called Pseudomonas d. Genetic diseased. Genetic disease39. Immunodeficiency diseases which would be cured by a successful hematopoietic stem cell transplant include: a. Bruton's agammaglobulinemia b. C3 deficiency c. Chronic granulomatous disease d. DiGeorge's syndrome. DiGeorge's syndrome0. What is HIV? a. virus b. bacteria c. fungi d. protozoavirus41. Tumor antigens have been shown to cross-react immunologically in cases of a. tumors induced by chemical carcinogens b. tumors induced by RNA viruses. c. tumors induced by irradiation with ultraviolet light d. tumors induced by the same chemical carcinogen on two separate sites on the same individualsb. tumors induced by RNA viruses2. Rejection of a tumor may involve which of the following? a. T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity b. ADCC c. complement-dependent cytotoxicity d. All answer are correctd. All answer are correct43. An 8-month-old baby has a history of repeated gram-positive bacterial infections. The most probable cause for this condition is that a. the mother did not confer sufficient immunity on the baby in utero. b. the baby suffers from erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn) c. the baby has a defect in the alternative complement pathway d. the baby is allergic to the mother's milk.c. the baby has a defect in the alternative complement pathway44. Which of the following immune deficiency disorders is associated exclusively with an abnormality of the humoral immune response? a. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia) b. DiGeorge syndrome c. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome d. chronic mucocutaneous candidiasisa. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia)45. A 2-year-old child has had three episodes of pneumonia and two episodes of otitis media. All the infections were demonstrated to be pneumococcal. Which of the following disorders is most likely to be the cause? a. an isolated transient T-cell deficiency b. a combined T- and B-cell deficiency c. a B-cell deficiency d. transient anemiac. a B-cell deficiency46. Immunodeficiency disease can result from a. a developmental defect of T lymphocytes. b. a developmental defect of bone marrow stem cells. c. a defect in phagocyte function. d. All of the abod. All of the above47. A 9-month-old baby was vaccinated against smallpox with attenuated smallpox virus. He developed a progressive necrotic lesion of the skin, muscles, and subcutaneous tissue at the site of inoculation. The vaccination reaction probably resulted from a. B-lymphocyte deficiency. b. reaction to the adjuvant. c. complement deficiency. d. B- and T-lymphocyte deficiencyd. B- and T-lymphocyte deficiency48. A healthy woman gave birth to a baby. The newborn infant was found to be HIV-seropositive. This finding is most likely the result of a. the virus being transferred across the placenta to the baby b. the baby is making anti-HIV antibodies c. the baby's erythrocyte antigens cross-reacting with the virus d. maternal HIV-specific IgG being transferred across the placenta to the baby.d. maternal HIV-specific IgG being transferred across the placenta to the baby.49. An antigen found in relatively high concentration in the plasma of normal fetuses and a high proportion of patients with progressive carcinoma of the colon is a. viral antigen. b. carcinoembryonic antigen. c.IgG d. bacterial antigenb. carcinoembryonic antigen.50. Cancer cells often have reduced amounts of cell surface proteins, including class I MHC antigens. Which of the following cells of the immune system can exploit this property to kill cancer cells? a. Cytotoxic T-cells b. Macrophages c. Neutrophils d. B-cellsa. Cytotoxic T-cells