Exercise Phys Quiz 1

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Mechanotransduction
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Terms in this set (23)
Mechanotransduction
how cells sense physical forces and translate them into biochemical and biological responses

put force on tissue, causing a biological response
Allostatsis
the process by which homeostasis is achieved

physiological and behavioral changes may occur
Allostatic Load
response to chronic stress

can become maladaptive

consider all aspects of the individual's life to determine
SAID principle
Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands

the body will adapt to the specific demands that are placed on it

adaptation from exercise is directly related to the specificity of the exercise
SIZE principle
motor units are recruited from small to large
small motor units
resistance to fatigue, can sustain contraction for longer time
large motor units
strong and powerful but fatigue very quickly
3 conditions for recruitment of large motor units
heavy weights performed for low reps

light weights performed to failure (AMRAP)

light weights performed as fast as possible (low reps)
Morphological adaptations
what we see

muscle size (hypertrophy, increased CSA)

muscle fiber (increased type II fibers)

proliferation of satellite cells result in increase in myonuclei
Neurological adaptations
increase rate of force development

cortical adaptations - motor skill training

crossover training

greater increases muscle strength consistent with size found from training
Different exercise variablesintensity sets reps rest interval exercise selection exercise order speed/tempo frequencyVolumetotal work performed usually expressed as sets x reps x frequencyIntensityhow hard you are working can be external (resistance being used) or internal (perceived effort level)3 mechanisms of hypertrophymechanical tension muscle damage metabolic stressmechanical tensiontension of muscle that occurs during lengthening while under heavy load primary contributor to muscle growthmuscle damagetears to sarcolemma, basal lamina, connective tissue, etc. body response to this is like acute inflammatory response release of growth factors lead to satellite cell proliferationmetabolic stressoccurs via short, intense, exercise bursts causes a buildup of metabolitesusing RPE in clinical settingexact dosage will vary testing 1RM and using percentage is rarely clinically appropriate RPE is alternative to 1RMconsiderations of exercise selectionPhysical activity level (sedentary vs. active) Stage of healing Psychosocial considerations Feasibility (equipment/time commitment) Bio-motor related goals (hypertrophy, ROM, strength) Patient specific goalstop 4 exercise modifications due to painadjust ROM modify intensity alter speed of exercise play around with similar, slightly different, exercisesRead/write out exercise tempoeccentric - transition - concentric x = explosiveStrength Goal guidelines> 85% of 1RM 2-4 sets < 6 reps moderate rest period (2-5min) 7-10 RPEHypertrophy goal guidelines67-85% of 1RM 3-6 sets 6-12 reps short-mod rest periods (60-120s) 6-9 RPE