PSYC 315 - Unit 1, 2, 3

What are the characteristics of mass communication?
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Radio stations are a great example of mass communication. Radio stations are readily available and can be played on cellphones, laptops, in the car or in businesses like shops/coffee shops. Due to this easily accessibility and frequency in daily life, radio stations are able to reach a large audience that is unknown to the radio station and a wide range of people listen to this type of mass communication. Next, radio stations themselves are businesses therefore fall into the category of corporation, institution or organization. Lastly, radio stations use verbal advertising to make money and use popular songs or conversations about hot topics to keep the audience engaged so they also hear the advertisements along with their show.
- Mass communication is designed to reach a large audience whereas interpersonal communication has been confined to face-to-face communication and interaction between two persons, or to a group. With the advent of social media, celebrities, politicians, and others have managed to deliver their message to a huge audience (i.e., followers on Twitter or Instagram). Perloff argues that interpersonal communication may now include a person delivering a message to others via social media, so long as there is some interaction among members of the audience.
- Mediated communication involves "any social or technological procedure or device that is used for the selection, transmission, and reception of information". Thus, most forms of social media can be considered interpersonal mediated communication. Mass communication involves the delivery of messages from traditional organizations, such as cable news channels, through established avenues to a large audience. As a great deal of communication via social media is transmitted from traditional mass communication sources (e.g., reports from newspapers, cable news channels, and TV networks), the lines between these forms of communication have become increasingly blurred.
- The boundaries between mass and personal media are also growing increase fuzzy - personal messages or videos can be sent to mass audiences or posted on the internet.
- The capacity for very wide circulation of material on the internet allows it to share many characteristics with traditional print and electronic media. When large documents are released to the public they are routinely posted first on the internet.
- The ability to digitally alter photographs. The ethical boundaries are blurry here because photographs can be changed to be completely unrecognizable from the original.
- Multimedia aspect (written words, spoken words, pictures, sounds, video and social interactions).
- Hypertextuality (availability of multiple links to many other sites and sources which makes the internet non linear).
- Interactivity (interaction with the media is far more fundamental in CMC than with traditional print or broadcast media).
- Packet Switching (internet sends digital bits, encoded with identity and routing information as well as content, over multiple paths such that it can be retrieved in multiple ways through multiple links).
- Synchronicity (four types of CMC synchronicity - one-to-one asynchronous communication (email) , many-to-many asynchronous communication (electronic bulletin boards), synchronous communication (texting or Skype), asynchronously information (websites)).
Increasing number of older adults are effectively using the Internet (unlike the stereotype that they are clueless about the internet). 67% of those in the US over 65 use the internet. However most of those seniors indicated that they were not that confident in using tech especially newer devices. Older adults are more likely to use the internet for info seeking on topics of interest, shopping and auctions. Less likely to use CMC for social media purposes.
Young people are frequent users of CMC, 99% say they use the internet. Teens between 13-17, 92% said they go online daily, 24% indicated they do so almost constantly many with the aid of smartphones. Teens use the internet for texting, social networking and gaming. 13-14 spend more time online than watching tv. They use lots of social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat