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3314 - Chapter 3 TB

Terms in this set (68)

the ____ is the first point of contact with a client and the most important part of data collection

during the interview you collect ____ _____ (what the person says about himself or herself). although the purpose of the interview isn't to collect ___ ______ (what you obtain through physical examination) you will collect some as you note the persons posture, physical appearance, ability to carry on a conversation, and overall demeanor

subjective data; objective data

the _____ is the best chance for a person to tell you what he or she perceives the health state to be

successful ________ allow you to:
- gather complete and accurate data about the persons health state, including the description and chronology of any symptoms
- establish trust so that the person feels accepted and thus free to share all relevant data
- teach the person about his or her health state
- build rapport for a continuing therapeutic relationship
- discuss health promotion and disease prevention

consider the interview a _____ between you and your client

the terms of the _____ include:
- time and place of the interview and succeeding physical examination
- introduction of yourself and a brief explanation of your role
- the purpose of the interview
- how long it will take
- expectation of participation for each person
- presence of any other people (family, other health professionals, students)
- confidentiality and to what extent it may be limited
- any costs to the client

the vehicle that carries you and your client through the interview is ______

_______ is exchanging information so that each person clearly understands the other

_____ is based on behavior, conscious and unconscious, and all behavior has meaning

______ communication is as important as verbal communication

_____ communication - this is your body language: posture, gestures, facial expression, eye contact, foot tapping, tough, even where you place your chair

because ______ communication is under less conscious control than verbal communication, it may be more reflective of true feelings

_____ factors are those specific to you, the examiner

the four ____ factors: liking others, empathy, the ability to listen, and self-awareness

___ _____ means a generally optimistic view of people - an assumption of strengths and a tolerance of weaknesses

______ means viewing the world from the other persons inner frame of reference while remaining you. it is a recognition and acceptance of the other persons feelings without criticism

_______ is described as the ability to understand and be sensitive to the feelings of someone else

_____ is not a passive role in the communication process; it is active and demanding

active ______ is the route to understanding

to effectively communicate with others, you must know _______. understanding your personal biases, prejudices, and stereotypes is an important part of developing your skills as an interviewer

you need to concentrate and establish rapport, an ______ can destroy in seconds what you have spent many minutes building up.

arrange __________ seating, both you and the client should be comfortably seated, at eye level. placing the chairs at 90 degrees is good because it allows the person either to face you or to look straight ahead from time to time. make sure to avoid facing a client across a desk because this creates a barrier. most importantly avoid standing

______ does two things:
- it communicates your haste
- it assumes superiority, it makes you loom over the client as an authority figure

when interviewing a hospitalized bedridden person, arrange _________ position, and avoid standing over him or her, the person should not be staring at the ceiling but should have access to eye contact. without eye contact the person loses the visual message of your communication

excessive ___________ during the interview has disadvantages:
- it breaks eye contact too often
- it shifts your attention away from the person, diminishing his or her sense of importance
- recording everything a person says may cause you to ask him or her to slow down, or the person may slow his or her tempo to allow you to take notes (the clients natural mode of expression is lost)
- it impedes your observation of the clients nonverbal behavior
- it is threatening to the client during the discussion of sensitive issues (alcohol and illicit drug use, number of sexual partners, or incidence of abuse)

keep ______ to a minimum and try to focus your attention on the person

mandates established by the federal government require health care organizations to utilize ______ _____ _____ to improve quality and safety

electronic health records (EHRs)

the use of an ____ _____ ____ eliminates handwritten clinical data and provides access to online health education materials

electronic health record (EHR)

you build _____ best by letting him or her discuss the concern early and by actively listening throughout the interview

the _____ phase is the date-gathering phase, verbal skills for this phase include your ability to form questions appropriately and your responses to the answers given by the client

the ______ question is unbiased, it leaves the person free to answer in any way. this type of question encourages the person to respond in paragraphs and give a spontaneous account in any order choosen

____ or ____ questions ask for specific information, they elicit one or two words answers, a "yes" or "no", or a forced choice.

________ questions help you elicit specific information and are useful to fill in any details that were initially left out after the persons opening narrative

Ten Traps of ______:
- providing false assurance or reassurance
- giving unwanted advice
- using authority
- distancing
- using professional jargon
- using leading or biased questions
- talking too much
- interrupting
- using "why" questions

if advise if based on a hunch or feeling or is your personal opinion, then it most likely is _______

using _____ promotes the avoidance of reality and allows people to hide their feelings

______ is the use of impersonal speech to put space between a threat and the self

the adults use of ____ questions usually implies blame and condemnation; it puts the person on the defensive

the use of ___ questions makes the interviewer sound accusatory and judgmental

an ____ position with extension of large muscle groups shows relaxation, physical comfort, and a willingness to share information

a ____ position with arms and legs crossed looks defensive and anxious

sharply localized pain is often indicated by using one ____

hand gestures can also reinforce descriptions of ____

the ____ reflects our emotions and conditions

lack of ____ ____ suggests that the person is shy, withdrawn, confused, bored, intimidated, apathetic, or depressed

do not use ____ during the interview unless you know the person well and are sure how it will be interpreted

____ is a nonverbal skill that is very important to older people, their other sense may be diminished, so this grounds them in reality

when interviewing a person currently under the influence of alcohol or illicit drugs, ask simple and _____ questions

over ____ of nurses report physical or verbal abuse in the workplace and this number is likely low due to underreporting of incidents of violence

_____ are the primary source of abuse against health care professionals

nearly all sick people have some _____

appearing unhurried and taking the time to listen to all of the clients concerns can help diffuse some ______

________ refers to the belief that heterosexuality is the only natural choice and assumes that everyone is or should be heterosexual

______ is a form of homophobia and leads to discrimination

one of the greatest challenges in cross-cultural communication occurs when you and the client speak different _____

the use of trained _____ has been linked to lower admission rates and increased use of preventative services

it is tempting to ask an ad hoc interpreter (a relative or friend) to interpret because this person is readily available, although convenient it is disadvantageous for a number of reasons to ask an untrained _____ to translate

place the interpreter next to the client but speak directly to the ____

translating _________ takes more time, but it ensures accuracy, use this style for most of the interview

___ _____ refers to the ability to understand instructions, navigate the health care system, and communicate concerns with the health care provider

health literacy

in 2006 the US department of education released the national assessment of adult literacy, which estimated that only ___ of people have proficient health literacy

low ___ ____ has been associated with low medication compliance, more emergency department visits, increased readmission rates, inability to recall information after a clinic visit, and an inability to effectively manage chronic illness

health literacy

written materials should be at the _____ reading level or below, materials should be at least ___ point font, avoid all capital letters, use headings and subheadings, use bullet points, and limit medical jargon

the ______ approach is one of the easiest things you can do when teaching a client, it allows you to assess what the person understands and to immediately correct misconceptions

_____ ______ is communication that occurs between 2 or more individuals from different health professions (nursing therapy services, physicians)

interprofessional communication

one of the most commonly used standardized communication tools in health care is the _______, ______, _____, ________

situation; background; assessment; recommendation (SBAR)

____ was first developed in the US military to standardize communication and prevent misunderstandings

using ____ will keep your message concise and focused on the immediate problem yet give your colleagues enough information to grasp the current situation and make a decision

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