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Medieval Legacy and Renaissance

Terms in this set (41)

class system
hierarchy of people in society determined by economic, political, and cultural traits
4 main classes in 14th century Europe
nobles, clergy, merchants, peasants
nobles (political features)
ran GOV/ military, hereditary titles, most political power
clergy(political features)
ran catholic church, used in GOV as advisers, most spiritual power
merchants(political features)
used in GOV as advisors, little political power
peasants (political features)
no power, no rights, controlled by nobility and clergy
nobles (economic features)
ran large farming estates, little economic power
clergy (economic features)
ran large farming estates, little economic power (clergy)
merchants (economic features)
controlled trade, banking, markets, most economic power
peasants (economic features)
worked on farming estates for little or no pay, most economic power
nobles (cultural features)
upper class w/ little education
clergy (cultural features)
fluid group, highly educated
merchant (cultural features)
middle class, highly educated and cultured
peasants (cultural features)
lower class w/ no education, tied to the land, often revolted
ideology
set of beliefs linked to a movement that people follow
4 main religions
catholicism, orthodoxy, islam, Judaism
Catholism
dominant in Western Europe, led by the pope
orthodoxy
dominant in Eastern Europe, divided by ethnic group
islam
dominant in Middle East, Asia, and Africa
focus on koran and Mohammad, pillars of islam
Judaism
spread to Europe, Middle East, North America
focus on old testament and torah
persecuted by several religious groups
Age of Renaissance
time of rebirth in the studying of greek and roman culture, art, architecture, literature and learning
began in Italy after black death
ended medieval era and began modern era
focused more on humanity than spiritual
city state
independent city controlling its surrounding territory
positives of city states
a variety of artistic thought and expression
negatives of city states
lack of common defense vs outsiders
Who ran the city-states?
merchants and bankers
what did merchants focus on?
trade , luxurious living, and art
what were merchants rich from?
spice trade with Asia
spice trade
trade of luxury good between Europe and Asia
what did Italians discover?
Greco-Roman works
what are the principles of the renaissance?
humanism, secularism, individulaism
humanism
study of focus on human potential, glory, and understanding by modeling classic culture
individualism
study of focus on humans as individuals, developing all aspects of ones life
secularism
study of focus on the material world more so than the spiritual world
Balsassare Castiglione
wrote The Book of the Courtier
Niccoli Machiavelli
wrote The Prince
one major factor that contributed to the renaissance
rise of city states in Italy
Italy political development
fragmented
Who were patrons of the arts?
church leaders, wealthy families, merchnats
Artists of Italian Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael
Writes of the Italian Renaissance
Niccoli Machovelli, Francesco Patrarch,
who created the printing press?
Johann Gutenberg
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