PPTS QUESTIONS NURS 306 TEST I

A patient is prescribed phenytoin [Dilantin] for epileptic seizures.
Which of the following is the priority for patient teaching?

A. Teach the patient to adjust the dose according to the presence of symptoms.
B. Tell the patient to take the medication with meals.
C. Inform the patient about the prevention of gingival hyperplasia.
D. Teach the patient to avoid the abrupt cessation of treatment.
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A patient is prescribed phenytoin [Dilantin] for epileptic seizures.
Which of the following is the priority for patient teaching?

A. Teach the patient to adjust the dose according to the presence of symptoms.
B. Tell the patient to take the medication with meals.
C. Inform the patient about the prevention of gingival hyperplasia.
D. Teach the patient to avoid the abrupt cessation of treatment.
D. Teach the patient to avoid the abrupt cessation of treatment.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking phenytoin [Dilantin]. Which medication, if ordered by the physician, should the nurse question?

A.Cimetidine [Tagamet] (an H2 blocker)
B.Captopril [Capoten] (ACE-I)
C.Pantoprazole [Protonix] (PPI- GERD)
D.Ondansetron [Zofran] (NAUSEA)
A.Cimetidine [Tagamet] (an H2 blocker)
A patient is newly prescribed carbamazepine [Tegretol] for seizure
control. It is most important for the nurse to teach the patient to avoid which food?

A. Tomatoes
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Spinach
D. Kiwi fruit
B. Grapefruit juice
A patient with mild symptoms of AD is prescribed donepezil [Aricept]. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

A. "The drug will improve transmission (inc. aceytlc) by neurons in my brain."
B. "I may experience an upset stomach while taking this drug."
C. "I will take the drug every night at bedtime with a snack."
D. "The drug will stop damage to the neurons in my brain."
D. "The drug will stop damage to the neurons in my brain."
The nurse prepares to administer a cholinesterase inhibitor to a patient with AD. Which medication, if ordered by the health care provider, should the nurse question?

A.Famotidine [Pepcid]
B.Amitriptyline [Elavil]
C.Memantine [Namenda]
D.Levothyroxine [Synthroid]
B.Amitriptyline [Elavil]
The nurse prepares to administer memantine [Namenda] to a patient with severe AD. The nurse should assess what before administering of the medication?

A.Hemoglobin and hematocrit
B.Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (monitor renal functions)
C.Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase
D.Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil count
B.Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (monitor renal functions)
A patient is concerned about developing AD. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A. Estrogen replacement therapy improves cognitive functioning.
B. No solid evidence supports the use of drugs to prevent AD.
C. Naproxen taken daily after the age of 50 years decreases the risk of AD.
D. Daily doses of ginkgo biloba can prevent cognitive decline.
B. No solid evidence supports the use of drugs to prevent AD.
The physician orders a intravenous infusion of cisatracurium [Nimbex] for a patient receiving mechanical ventilation. It is most important for the nurse to take which action before starting the infusion?

A.Teach the patient relaxation exercises.
B.Administer lorazepam [Ativan] intravenously.
C.Assess the patient for the presence of a gag reflex.
D. Check if the patient is allergic to aminoglycosides.
B.Administer lorazepam [Ativan] intravenously.
A patient receives vecuronium [Norcuron] to facilitate mechanical ventilation. Which medication would the nurse administer to reverse muscle paralysis?

A.Diazepam [Valium]
B.Pralidoxime [Protopam]
C.Acetylcysteine [Mucomyst]
D.Neostigmine [Prostigmin]
D.Neostigmine [Prostigmin]
A patient receives succinylcholine [Anectine] before endotracheal intubation. What would the nurse expect?

A.Lethargy and confusion for 30 minutes
B.Hypothermia-related seizure activity
C.Muscle paralysis for 5 to 10 minutes
D.Transient QT interval prolongation
C.Muscle paralysis for 5 to 10 minutes
A patient has an allergy to procaine [Novocain]. What local anesthetic would be safe to administer to this patient? A.Cocaine B.Benzocaine [Americaine] C.Lidocaine [Xylocaine] D.TetracaineC.Lidocaine [Xylocaine]Which patient would be at highest risk for systemic toxicity from the topical administration of a local anesthetic? A.A 42-year-old patient who receives epinephrine with a local anesthetic B.A 72-year-old patient who receives a local anesthetic that is topically applied to intact skin C.A 58-year-old patient who receives a local anesthetic to a 10×20-cm abrasion D.A 34-year-old patient given an injection of bupivacaine as a nerve blockC.A 58-year-old patient who receives a local anesthetic to a 10×20-cm abrasionAn adult patient receives lidocaine by injection before a procedure. Which finding indicates that the patient is experiencing a systemic reaction and toxicity? A.Mean arterial pressure of 75 mm Hg B.Temperature of 100.8º F (38.2º C) C.Heart rate of 42 beats/min D.Respiratory rate of 12 breaths/minC.Heart rate of 42 beats/minThe patient has received isoflurane [Forane] as a general anesthetic. What should the nurse closely observe the patient for during the immediate postoperative period? A.Elevated blood pressure B.Decreased respiratory rate C.Malignant hyperthermia Decreased pulseB.Decreased respiratory rate (gen. anesthetic and have muscle relaxation properties, after turned off it could still be present) [SIDE NOTE: Malignant hyperthermia (while they are receiving it; no risk after it's been stopped)]]The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving intravenous propofol [Diprivan]. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? A.Discard any unused solution within 6 hours. B.Assess the patient for malignant hyperthermia. C.Make the environment quiet to prevent delirium. D.Keep a written record of the dispensing of this drug.A.Discard any unused solution within 6 hours. (to dec. risk of bacterial infx)A patient taking levodopa/carbidopa [Sinemet] for Parkinson's disease experiences frequent "on-off" episodes (i.e., the abrupt loss of effect). Which action by the nurse is best? A.Administer the medication when the patient has an empty stomach. B.Instruct the patient to avoid high-protein foods. C.Have the patient increase the intake of vitamin B6. D.Discontinue the drug for 10 days (for a "drug holiday").B.Instruct the patient to avoid high-protein foods. (b/c it dec. therapeutic effect)A patient is prescribed the dopamine agonist pramipexole [Mirapex]. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A."The drug should be taken with food to prevent nausea." B."I may experience hallucinations while taking this drug." C."I should rise slowly to prevent dizziness and fainting." D. "This drug will stop the progression of Parkinson's disease."D. "This drug will stop the progression of Parkinson's disease."The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving pramipexole [Mirapex]. The nurse is most concerned if the patient makes which statement? A."I take this pill even when I feel good." B."Sometimes I just fall asleep without warning." C."The pills make me sleepy, so I take a nap in the afternoon." D."I have noticed that this medicine makes me constipated."B."Sometimes I just fall asleep without warning."A patient with multiple sclerosis is prescribed baclofen [Lioresal]. Which assessment by the nurse indicates that the medication is exerting its desired effect? A.Decreased strength B.Suppression of spasticity C.Improved muscle tone D.Increased muscle resistanceB.Suppression of spasticityThe nurse prepares to administer dantrolene [Dantrium] to a patient. Before the administration of the drug, it is most important for the nurse to assess which laboratory value? A.Serum amylase B.Creatinine clearance C.Blood glucose D.AminotransferasesD.Aminotransferases (b/c hepatic function is a concern)